A Sinusoidal Pulsewidth Modulated Three-Phase AC to DC Converter-Fed DC Motor Drive

The external performances such as power factor, displacement factor, harmonic factor, and ripple factor of a three-phase ac to dc converter-fed separately excited dc motor drive employing sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SPWM) control technique are obtained for different speeds and modulation indexes. Since separately excited dc motors with armature voltage control provide constant torque operation, the external performance is also determined for the drive motor operating at different values of constant load torque. Motoring and regenerating operations of the dc drive machine are considered. The three-phase PWM converter-motor drive system is analyzed, taking commutation effects into account in motoring and regenerating operations. The analysis has revealed 27 common modes in one repetitive period of the output voltage. The sequence of modes for all pulses in one period of the output voltage is established. Experimental oscillograms of typical waveforms from a laboratory-sized dc motor are illustrated to verify the basic principles of operation. Although the converter circuit requires some additional components in comparison with the commonly used phase-controlled converter, the improved performance characteristics make it attractive for industrial applications involving large power ratings.     

输入并联输出串联AC/AC变换器的研究

传统两电平AC/AC变换器的开关管电压应力高,输出电压和输入电流谐波含量较高。针对此问题,基于多模块串并联组合变换器的相关技术,提出了一种输入并联输出串联(IPOS)电流源高频交流环节AC/AC变换器。为保证该变换器的正常工作,研究并提出了一种均压控制策略。此控制策略实现了该变换器在4种工作模式下的输出均压和输入均流。实验结果验证了该变换器的工作原理和控制策略的正确性,该变换器适用于较低输入电压和较高输出电压交流电能变换场合。     

一种新型充电泵高功率因数AC/AC变换器

提出一种新型充电泵高功率因数AC/AC变换器拓扑结构。该变换器具有电路结构简单和采用PFM控制方式的特点。文中分析了电路的工作过程及取得高功率因数的条件 ,给出了电路参数设计指导 ,并通过实验证实了理论分析的正确性。达到了不用专用控制芯片实现高功率因数的目的     

应用于配电网三端柔性互联的三角形交交变换器

针对配电网三端柔性互联,提出了一种三端口三角形交交变换器.首先,介绍了三端口三角形交交变换器的电路拓扑,其与三端口背靠背模块化多电平换流器相比桥臂数量减少了一半.然后,分析了三端口三角形交交变换器的工作原理,建立其数学模型,并采用相量图法研究其运行特性.之后,结合柔性多状态开关的应用需求设计了控制策略,利用第3个桥臂的电流调节特性,在满足输出馈线功率需求的基础上,实现了2条输入馈线上的功率灵活分配.最后,采用仿真验证了所提出的三端口三角形交交变换器拓扑和数学模型的正确性及其控制策略的有效性.     

Z源AC/AC变换器的谐波消除PWM技术

为保证敏感负载的高品质电能供应,提出一种应用于Z源AC/AC变换器的谐波抑制PWM技术.基于变换器的工作原理,分析和推导谐波抑制调制函数的解析式,给出控制方案.通过开环方式,对变换器的输出开关占空比进行实时调节.与已有的恒定占空比控制相比,实现对交流输入电压中各次谐波的有效抑制,并且不要求分别计算各谐波分量,简化了控制...     

交流系统接地故障对HVDC的影响分析

以最常见的交流系统单相接地故障为例,详细分析了 HVDC换流器的动态过程,包括换流母线电压特性、锁相环输出特性和阀换相特性。提出改进的开关函数法以求解故障期间的直流电压,该方法将直流侧电压表示为3部分,分别对应交流侧正序电压、负序电压以及导通时间变化量。建立了直流侧谐波计算的等值电路,该电路中故障侧换流器以谐波电压源表示,其幅值由开关函数计算得到,对侧换流器计及了换相过程的影响并以换相电抗的平均值表示。算例以及与 PSCAD／EMTDC的结果对照表明对故障期间换流器的动态过程分析正确,直流电压和谐波计算准确。该文所提出的改进的开关函数法解决了开关函数法不能应用于换流器不对称运行的问题,并可用于交流系统单相接地故障及阀不对称运行时的谐波分析。该谐波计算方法可用于HVDC控制保护中谐波保护定值的整定计算与校核。     

A novel clamp circuit for a regenerative rectifier using AC/AC matrix converter theory

The main contribution of this paper is the design of a new clamp circuit for an AC/DC converter topology based on ac/ac matrix converter theory. The drive is capable of delivering 250-A DC from a three-phase 480-V AC source while keeping the insulated gate bipolar transistor voltage and current within the safe operating area of the devices. The power level required by the dc drive discussed in This work presents several design challenges which have been overcome with innovative solutions. An example is the clamp circuitry, necessary for the safe operation of the bidirectional switches, which is described, analyzed and demonstrated experimentally.     

一种新型斩波AC/DC/AC变换的单相DVR

针对输入侧采用不可控整流AC/DC/AC结构的单相动态电压恢复器(DVR)输入侧功率因数低,谐波含量高等问题,提出了一种基于PWM斩波变换器的动态电压恢复器来补偿负载两端电压的跌落。该新型拓扑结构采用PWM斩波控制节省了直流侧电容,简化了滤波器设计,使输入侧线路中谐波含量降低,同时达到单位功率因数;电压检测采用单相信号构造成两相信号,利用瞬时无功理论对信号进行检测与处理,实时性高;搭建MATLAB/Simulink仿真和系统实验平台,验证其合理性和可行性。     

一种低谐波三相AC/DC变换器的控制方法与实现

分析了基于能量平衡的三相AC／DC变换器的工作原理，根据瞬时无功功率理论得到了三相输入电流的指令信号,采用直接电流控制的方法进行电流跟踪控制，并通过以TMS320F240数字信号处理器为主的控制电路实现了所提出的方法。样机实验表明，用这种方法控制的三相AC／DC变流器具有输入电流谐波小、功率因数高、输入电流连续、系统结构简单、运行可靠的优点。     

A new topology for nonisolated multiport zero voltage switching dc‐dc converter

In this paper, a new multiport zero voltage switching dc‐dc converter is proposed. Multiport dc‐dc converters are widely applicable in hybrid energy generating systems to provide substantial power to sensitive loads. The proposed topology can operate in 3 operational modes of boost, buck, and buck‐boost. Moreover, it has zero voltage switching operation for all switches and has the ability to eliminate the input current ripple; also, at low voltage side, the input sources can be extended. In addition, it has the ability of interfacing 3 different voltages only by using 3 switches. In this paper, the proposed topology is analyzed theoretically for all operating modes; besides, the voltage and current equations of all components are calculated. Furthermore, the required soft switching and zero input currents ripple conditions are analyzed. Finally, to demonstrate the accurate performance of the proposed converter, the Power System Computer Aided Design(PSCAD)/Electro Magnetic Transient Design and Control(EMTDC) simulation and experimental results are extracted and presented.     

A new interleaved bidirectional dc/dc converter with zero voltage switching and high voltage gain: analyses,design and simulation

In this paper, a new interleaved non‐isolated bidirectional dc–dc converter with capability of zero voltage switching and high voltage gain is proposed. In the proposed converter by using two coupled inductors and one capacitor, the voltage gain is extended. Moreover, by using only an auxiliary circuit that includes an inductor and two capacitors, the zero voltage switching (ZVS) of two used switches in the first phase of converter can be achieved. The ZVS operation of two used switches in the second phase is always obtained without using any extra auxiliary circuit. This converter similar to other interleaved converters has low input current ripple and low current stress on switches. In this paper, the proposed converter is analyzed in all operating modes, and also the voltage gain, required conditions for ZVS operation of switches, voltage and current stresses of all switches, and the value of input current ripple in both boost and buck operations are obtained. Finally, the accuracy performance of the proposed converter is verified through simulation results in EMTDC/PSCAD software. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bidirectional isolated three-phase dc-dc converter using coupled inductor for dc microgrid applications

The main objective of this project is to study the analysis and design of an isolated three-phase bidirectional dc-dc converter connected to the dc microgrid system. The proposed topology achieves efficient power conversion with a wide input voltage range, continuous input current, and bidirectional operation. In forward mode operation, the topology acts as a three-phase push-pull converter to reach a step-up voltage conversion ratio (90 to 450 V ). In backward mode operation, the converter acts as an interleaved flyback converter to provide a step-down voltage conversion ratio (450 to 90 V ). Over and above that, in both operation senses, the dc voltage gain is presented. The main advantages of this topology are high-switching frequency, the three-phase transformer that provides galvanic isolation between the dc voltage link bus to the battery or ultra-capacitor storage, and input/output filters size reduction. Besides, a fewer number of power switches, the frequency of output voltage, and input current ripple are three times higher than the switching frequency. The three active switches are connected to the same reference, which simplifies the gate drive circuit. Ultimately, the theoretical analysis of the proposed topology is carefully confirmed with the experimental results of the 4 kW converter prototype.     

电流源高频交流环节AC/AC变换器研究

提出了基于反激F1yback变换器的电流源高频交流环节AC/AC变换器电路结构与拓扑族。该电路结构由输入周波变换器、高频储能式变压器、输出周波变换器以及输入、输出周波变换器构成，能够将一种不稳定畸变的交流电变换成问频率稳定的正弦交流电压；该电路拓扑族包括单四象限功率开关式、推挽式、半桥式、全桥式等四种电路。以单四象限功率开关式电路拓扑为例，分析研究了这类变换器工作模式、稳态原理与电压瞬时值反馈控制策略，给出了变换器的外特性曲线、关键电路参数设计准则。原理试验结果证实了这类变换器新概念的正确性与先进性。     

DC-bus voltage control of three-phase AC/DC PWM converters usingfeedback linearization

In this paper, a fast voltage control strategy of three-phase AC/DC pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converters applying a feedback linearization technique is proposed. First, incorporating the power balance of the input and output sides in system modeling, a nonlinear model of the PWM converter is derived with state variables such as AC input currents and DC output voltage. Then, by input-output feedback linearization, the system is linearized and a state feedback control law is obtained by pole placement. With this control scheme, output voltage responses become faster than those in a conventional cascade control structure. For robust control to parameter variations, integrators are added to the exact feedback control law. Since the fast voltage control is feasible for load changes, it is shown that the DC electrolytic capacitor size can be reduced. In addition, the capacitor current is analyzed for size reduction of the capacitor. As is usual with PWM converters, the input current is regulated to be sinusoidal and the source power factor can be controlled at unity. The experimental results are provided to verify the validity of the proposed control algorithm for a 1.5 kVA insulated gate bipolar transistor PWM converter system     

Boost型三电平AC/AC变换器

针对高输出交流电压的升压场合,研究Boost型三电平AC/AC变换器。相比于Boost型两电平AC/AC变换器,该变换器通过增加开关管数量和引进飞跨电容,构造了中间电平,可使开关管的电压应力降低一半,滤波器重量体积大大减小。其拓扑可以看成是两个输出电压极性相反的Boost型三电平DC/DC变换器组合而成,该变换器输入输出电压同相位,其飞跨电容电压等于输出电压的一半。详细分析其电路工作原理,给出一种新颖的控制策略,可对输出电压和飞跨电容电压同时进行控制;研制一台原理样机,给出了实验波形与测量结果。实验结果证实了理论分析的正确性和控制策略的可行性。     

级联式Buck-Boost AC／AC变换器

详细分析了Buck型和Boost型AC/AC变换器的工作原理及其控制方法,在此基础上提出了一种新型级联式Buck-Boost AC/AC变换器及其三模式控制策略.三模式控制策略是比较输入电压与基准输出电压的大小,使得变换器只有3种工作模式:Buck模式、Boost模式和滤波模式.该电路虽然由Buck型和Boost型AC/AC变换器2级变换器级联而成,并采用2级占空比调制,但实际上最多只存在一级功率变换,具有控制简单、变换效率高、开关管电压应力低等优点.仿真结果证明了级联式Buck-Boost AC/AC变换器及其控制策略的可行性和理论分析的正确性.     

AC/AC power conversion based on matrix converter topology withunidirectional switches

In this paper, a new type of AC/AC power converter is proposed. The proposed converter is capable of direct AC/AC power conversion and, except for a few small snubber elements, it does not require the use of any input inductors or a DC-link capacitor. In contrast to the matrix converter, which requires bidirectional switches, the proposed converter consists of only unidirectional switches such as insulated gate bipolar transistors. The converter has a unity input displacement power factor, and its input line current waveform is similar to that of a diode rectifier with a DC-link inductor. The proposed converter has been validated experimentally using an induction motor driven with field-oriented control     

一种用于LED路灯照明的单级交直流变换器

提出一种单级用于高亮发光二极管路灯照明系统的交直流变换器.通过共用半桥的上下桥臂,形成两路工作于断续模式的boost电路,由于两路boost电路工作在交错并联模式下,其母线电压只略高于输入,所以即使在高输入电压情况下,系统仍然具有较低电压以及电流应力.半桥负载采用LLC谐振负载,其原边开关管工作在零电压开通状态,副边整流二极管工作在零电流关断状态,减小了系统开关损耗,提高了系统效率.经仿真分析,所提交直流变换器能够实现功率因数校正的作用,并且其可工作在软开关状态下.实验中制作了一个100W样机,经测试,在40%～100%负载范围内,其功率因数大于0.96,总谐波含量小于10%,在满载时效率高达91.1%.     

Modeling and simulation of ac–dc buck-boost converter fed dc motor with uniform PWM technique

PWM controlled rectifiers can efficiently and economically be employed in low and medium power applications of dc drives and in front-end converters of rectifier–inverter systems while maintaining the advantages of design simplicity and operation reliability of naturally commutated schemes. Due to the high dc voltage that is produced which is greater than the peak voltage of the utility supply, the ac–dc buck-boost converter is especially suited as a front-end power source in variable-speed drive systems to convert the utility supply voltage into a variable dc link voltage where a single-phase or a three-phase utilities power supply is available. In this paper, the dynamic model and steady state equivalent circuit of a single-phase ac–dc buck-boost converter fed dc motor with uniform PWM control is presented. The waveforms of voltage and current, the input and output characteristics of the converter are discussed and verified. Measured, computed and simulated results are shown to be very close and the model is proved to be efficient and accurate.     

A Three-Phase Soft-Switched Isolated AC/DC Converter Without Auxiliary Circuit

This paper describes an ac/dc converter system consisting of a voltage-source converter (VSC) with purely capacitive snubbers and a two-phase by three-phase cycloconverter, connected via a medium-frequency (MF) transformer. By alternately commutating the two converters, it is possible to achieve beneficial switching conditions for all semiconductor devices. A commutation and modulation algorithm is described, which allows for pulsewidth-modulation control of the output voltage while maintaining soft switching. Low-load operation of the converter is a potential difficulty because the load current may be insufficient for recharging the snubber capacitors of the VSC. However, if the cycloconverter is used to momentarily short circuit the transformer, a quasi-resonant commutation mode of the VSC can be achieved, making a fast and soft commutation of the VSC down to zero load possible, without an auxiliary circuit. Furthermore, the design and operation of a 40-kVA prototype converter system are described. The experimental results from the prototype clearly show the practical feasibility of the studied concept.