新型颅内支架Enterprise结合水解脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤

目的总结应用新型颅内支架Enterprise结合水解脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤的技术及疗效。方法６例颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤（直径＜３mm,体／颈比＜１．５）采用Enterprise支架结合水解脱弹簧圈栓塞,其中５例采用先放置支架覆盖动脉瘤颈再将微导管经支架网孔放入动脉瘤腔填塞弹簧圈进行栓塞,１例将微导管进入瘤腔后再释放支架进行弹簧圈栓塞。术后３～６个月进行临床随访。结果６例全部技术成功,支架均满意到位,载瘤动脉通畅,无手术并发症;动脉瘤完全闭塞４例,闭塞９５％以上２例。术后患者均恢复良好,３～６个月临床随访无再出血及脑血栓形成。结论联合使用Enterprise支架和水解弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内微小宽颈动脉瘤是一种安全有效的方法,但其长期疗效仍需进一步观察。     

血管内支架结合弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的影像学随访结果

目的总结血管内支架结合弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的影像学随访结果,了解支架技术在脑动脉瘤治疗中的作用.方法 62例颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者接受血管内支架结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗,并在术后行脑血管造影及临床随访.结果所有患者均成功植入支架,47例动脉瘤达到致密填塞,15例大部填塞,载瘤动脉通畅.1～6个月造影随访56例动脉瘤内无造影剂显影,4例仍有瘤颈残留,1例复发而再次治疗;12～37个月随访43例中,2例瘤颈残余,1例动脉瘤复发,其余完全闭塞,弹簧圈形态无改变.结论血管内支架植入后明显改变瘤内血流动力学并促进血栓形成     

第一代Matrix弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤的安全性及中长期随访结果分析

目的分析第一代Matrix可吸收聚合物涂层弹簧圈（简称Matrix）治疗颅内动脉瘤的安全性，及中、长期随访结果的影响因素。方法回顾性研究，本中心２００３年５月至２００５年７月７５例使用Matrix栓塞颅内动脉瘤患者（７９枚动脉瘤）。其中造影复查患者３４例（３５枚动脉瘤），平均随访时间１２．５个月。根据复查结果对年龄、性别、动脉瘤最大径、瘤颈宽度、使用支架辅助、Matrix长度比例进行COX模型分析。结果Matrix相关的手术并发症率为１３．３％，使用Matrix术后动脉瘤总复发率为１１．４％，辅助支架治疗的大型动脉瘤的复发率为４０％，未致密栓塞的动脉瘤中６１．１％发生进一步栓塞。无统计学结果可证明年龄、性别、动脉瘤最大径、瘤颈宽度、支架辅助、Matrix占栓塞弹簧圈长度比例等因素影响Matrix栓塞动脉瘤的中长期预后。结论Matrix治疗颅内动脉瘤安全、有效，结合支架辅助技术可能会降低大型动脉瘤的复发率。Matrix弹簧圈有促进动脉瘤愈合的倾向，建议尽可能改善动脉瘤的血流动力学状况，此举将有利于动脉瘤长期愈后。Matrix弹簧圈的长期确切效果有待进一步随访观察及进行大样本的随机对照研究。     

生物可吸收弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤的初步结果

目的评价新型弹簧圈(Matrix)系统在颅内动脉瘤栓塞治疗中的安全性与效果.方法应用含有生物可吸收材料的Matrix或结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞颅内动脉瘤62例.结果 62例动脉瘤均成功栓塞,其中29例单纯Matrix栓塞,33例为Matrix结合GDC栓塞,15例患者采用支架辅助血管成形术.49例动脉瘤致密栓塞,13例为大部分栓塞.1例动脉瘤术中破裂出血,2例发生血栓栓塞.2例患者死亡,3例重残,其余患者恢复良好.2例动眼神经麻痹在术后2周得到明显缓解.25例患者造影随访(3～6个月)结果稳定,     

支架辅助机械解脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗Willis环周围宽颈动脉瘤的临床应用

目的 探讨应用Ｓｏｌｉｔａｉｒｅ ＡＢ支架辅助ＡｘｉｕｍＴＭ机械解脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗Ｗｉｌｌｉｓ环周围宽颈动脉瘤的技术、方法及疗效。方法 采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ技术,对２１例Ｗｉｌｌｉｓ环周围宽颈动脉瘤应用Ｓｏｌｉｔａｉｒｅ ＡＢ支架辅助ＡｘｉｕｍＴＭ机械解脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗,９例通过支架网孔置入微导管行动脉瘤栓塞,支架解脱;对１２例载瘤动脉迂曲导管不易进入网孔者,采用先将支架跨过动脉瘤两端,将微导管置于动脉瘤内距瘤底部１／３ ～ １／２处,弹簧圈部分释放后,再释放支架进行动脉瘤栓塞,解脱支架。结果 ２１例患者所有支架、弹簧圈置入顺利,释放位置满意,技术成功率１００％。２１枚动脉瘤完全栓塞１６枚,占７６．２％;大部栓塞５枚,占２４．８％。术后患者恢复良好,随访３ ～ ６个月,未发生出血或脑血栓形成。结论 联合使用Ｓｏｌｉｔａｉｒｅ ＡＢ支架辅助ＡｘｉｕｍＴＭ机械解脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗Ｗｉｌｌｉｓ环周围宽颈动脉瘤是一种安全、有效的方法,但其长期疗效仍需进一步观察。     

血管内支架结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈治疗犬颈动脉宽颈动脉瘤的实验研究

目的通过支架植入及结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈治疗犬颈动脉宽颈侧壁囊性动脉瘤实验研究评价动脉瘤栓塞后的血流动力学及组织学改变.方法于6只健康犬双侧颈动脉分别建立宽颈侧壁动脉瘤,一侧单纯支架植入,对侧行支架植入结合弹簧圈栓塞.行血管超声和血管造影检查,并观察大体解剖及电镜检查.结果单纯支架植入的动脉瘤内无血栓形成,瘤颈处新生内膜生长较慢,而支架结合弹簧圈治疗的动脉瘤内很快形成血栓,新生内膜能完全覆盖动脉瘤颈.结论血管内支架结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈治疗宽颈动脉瘤不但可以降低动脉瘤再破裂的风险,而且能达到动脉瘤解剖学治愈.     

可脱微弹簧圈栓塞术治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的探讨颅内动脉瘤可脱微弹簧圈栓塞治疗术的效果.方法经股动脉Seldinger穿刺法,将导引管送至C2以上,将微导管置于动脉瘤腔,结合不同的方式,进行可脱微弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤.结果36例用GDC,6例Metrix,18例DCS,2例ORBIT,3例EDC,4例配合支架栓塞;65例患者,59例康复,3例后遗偏瘫,1例自动出院,5例死亡.59例随访,头颅平片GDC均在瘤腔,无再出血,5例患者复查DSA,无复发.结论微弹簧圈栓塞是治疗颅内动脉瘤微创有效安全的方法.     

支架辅助弹簧圈介入栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤

【摘要】 目的 探讨支架辅助弹簧圈介入栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的方法和疗效。方法 回顾性分析16例患者的临床资料，应用支架包括Neuroform 6枚和Enterprise 10枚。结果 所有支架均成功释放并行弹簧圈栓塞，即刻造影动脉瘤获得完全及大部分栓塞13例，瘤颈残留1例，部分栓塞2例。14例患者术后3 ~ 12个月复查，13例完全及大部分栓塞中11例复查未见复发，瘤颈残留1例6个月后复查复发，再次行支架植入完全栓塞，部分栓塞2例复查时瘤腔消失。结论 通过支架辅助对宽颈动脉瘤瘤颈重塑及弹簧圈的介入栓塞作用，使动脉瘤栓塞疗效满意。
     

血管内支架治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的探索使用血管内支架及血管内支架结合电解可脱卸弹簧圈(Guglielmi detachable coil, GDC)治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤的可能性.方法 3例椎动脉颅内段梭形动脉瘤及6例宽颈动脉瘤,首先将冠脉支架跨动脉瘤颈放置,通过支架的网孔将微导管送入动脉瘤腔,填入GDC.结果 7例动脉瘤致密填塞,2例大部填塞,载瘤动脉通畅,临床效果优良.结论联合使用支架及微弹簧圈是治疗颅内梭形及宽颈动脉瘤可选择的有效方法之一.     

微弹簧圈栓塞前交通动脉瘤效果评价

【摘要】 目的 评价微弹簧圈栓塞治疗前交通动脉瘤的有效性及安全性。方法 回顾性分析盐城市第三人民医院采用微弹簧圈栓塞术治疗的连续27 例前交通动脉瘤患者的临床资料，其中多发前交通动脉瘤1例。通过评估动脉瘤栓塞率、患者预后、并发症、神经功能等判断微弹簧圈栓塞治疗前交通动脉瘤的有效性及安全性。结果 27例前交通动脉瘤患者全部栓塞治疗成功，其中使用双导管技术3例，支架辅助技术3例。致密栓塞21例，瘤颈残余6例；所有患者保留载瘤动脉且载瘤动脉通畅，未见动脉瘤破裂出血、弹簧圈逸出。术后1 d再次出血，2 d后死亡1例；术后6个月轻度复发1例。术后6个月改良Rankin 量表（mRS）评分显示24例患者0～1分，1例2分，1例4分。结论 采用适宜的血管内栓塞治疗技术，可安全有效地治疗前交通动脉瘤。     

Modeling cooling coils

Finned-tube heat exchangers commonly used as cooling coils in air conditioning systems undergo complex heat transfer and dehumidification. Due to the presence of water film on the outside surface of the coils, the general approach for an analysis of dry surface is not adequate to predict the performance of such coils. This paper presents a modeling procedure for cooling coils with dehumidification based on the approach of Threlkeld. In order to verify the calculational results of the model, experiments were conducted with an aim to determine the outlet air conditions as well as some other parameters required as the inputs to the model. Comparison between the simulation and experimental results reveals that the model is accurate and suitable for predicting the performance of cooling coils with dehumidification.     

Alternators with multiple binary coils

Alternators with multiple coils per phase, in which each coil consists of 2^jN turns (j=0, 1, 2, . . . m, m=number of coils per phase and N=base number of turns), are discussed. This configuration provides a means of regulating the output voltage of the alternator. These binary-wound alternators reduce the harmonic content of the rectifier output. Two controller strategies are suggested. Experimental curves are presented     

State-of-charge determination of lead-acid batteries using wire-wound coils

Non-intrusive monitoring of the state-of-charge of sealed lead-acid batteries using wire-wound coils is described. Coils were attached to the plastic case of the batteries, adjacent to the negative end plate, and excited using ac current at 10 kHz. As the batteries were cycled, the inductance of the coils tracked the change in metallic content of the end plates. Data is presented for different discharge rates and temperatures. A variation of the technique is also described that uses less expensive equipment to measure the voltage drop across the coil, rather than inductance.     

Degradation of turn insulation in motor coils under repetitivesurges

Degradation of interturn insulation caused by repetitive surges is studied for coils in three motors stators. In each stator, the coils are isolated and divided into several groups. Breakdown voltages of coils in one group are measured for 0.1 μs risetime impulses and the average breakdown voltage of these unaged coils is determined. Coils in the other groups are first subjected to a number (1000 to 8000) of surges with magnitudes of 3.0 to 7.8 pu, and then the impulse breakdown voltages for these aged coils are measured and compared with those for the unaged coils. The results of the measurements on two stators showed no evidence of degradation of turn insulation by surges. There is an indication of surge aging of the turn insulation for one stator. Surge magnitudes capable of causing detectable aging of turn insulation appear to be higher than those likely to occur at normally operating utility motors. The existence of a threshold value of surge magnitude required to produce aging effects is a possible hypothesis     

颅内自膨胀支架结合弹簧圈治疗脑动脉瘤

目的报道采用自膨胀颅内专用支架(Neuroform支架)结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤,初步探讨该支架的特点、短期疗效及应用前景.方法采用Neuroform支架结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗32例34枚颅内宽颈动脉瘤.颈内动脉海绵窦段3例,眼动脉3例,后交通动脉8例,前交通动脉3例,大脑中动脉分叉部5例,椎动脉6例,基底动脉顶端1例,基底动脉干2例,大脑前动脉A3段1例,多发动脉瘤2例.通过Renegade微导管释放Neuroform支架覆盖动脉瘤瘤颈,预先将另一微导管置入动脉瘤腔或将微导管通过支架网孔以弹簧圈栓塞     

表冷器热工性能数值模拟的探讨

表冷器是空调机组的核心部件,通常的热性能计算都以试验为基础。提出一种数值模拟方法,从最基本的结构参数来计算表冷器的热性能。按此方法所编制的计算程序经过试验验证,已经取得了预期的效果。     

Mixed-dimensional elements in transient thermal analysis of gradient coils

ABSTRACT

This article proposes a numerical formulation for handling mixed-dimensional elements embedded in a standard three-dimensional (3d) mesh, avoiding thus the volume meshing of filaments and strips. The method is then applied to predict the temperature heating and cooling profile of gradient coils in magnetic resonance imaging. These coils are typically constructed from copper wires or tracks and embedded in an epoxy layer. It was found that the new method significantly reduces the computational time of steady-state and transient simulations, with speedups in the range of 3.5-5. The method proved to be accurate, with relative errors below 0.5% for steady-state simulations and 1.5% with respect to a complete 3d simulation.     

前交通动脉瘤的栓塞治疗

目的总结262例前交通动脉瘤栓塞治疗的经验.方法均采用电解可脱卸弹簧圈(guglielmi detachable coil,GDC)作动脉瘤内栓塞治疗.对双侧A1正常者应用双侧颈动脉置管技术监测栓塞术中载瘤动脉通畅情况,对瘤颈累及双侧A2者采用微导管微导丝辅助技术保持载瘤动脉通畅.发生术中出血者予弹簧圈继续栓塞,发生术中血栓形成者予尿激酶溶栓.34例颅内多发动脉瘤均同次手术治愈.结果动脉瘤完全闭塞160例,>90%闭塞56例,<90%闭塞46例.术中因过度栓塞造成载瘤动脉闭塞10例,术后脑梗死16例.术中