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冷喷涂是近几年来发展起来的新型表面涂层技术,由于冷喷涂技术是在较低的温度下进行的,与其他方法制备的涂层相比具有很多的优势。本文从冷喷涂技术概述和冷喷涂技术应用现状与展望两方面对冷喷涂技术进行了论述,希望对国内外冷喷涂技术应用现状有所了解。 相似文献
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冷喷涂设备及冷喷涂技术应用研究进展 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
冷喷涂技术相比于传统热喷涂技术有许多优势,例如喷涂温度低,涂层氧含量低,孔隙率低,在喷涂过程中不易发生氧化、烧损、相变等现象,这使得传统喷涂技术难以制备的氧敏感、热敏感、非晶、纳米材料涂层成为可能。从冷喷涂技术原理出发,介绍了各类冷喷涂设备及冷喷涂涂层的沉积机理,详细阐述了冷喷涂涂层结合机理和结合方式(机械咬合、物理结合、冶金结合、化学结合),介绍了各类冷喷涂装备(高压和低压冷喷涂系统、真空冷喷涂系统、激光辅助冷喷涂系统、静电辅助冷喷涂系统、脉冲气体冷喷涂系统和激波风洞冷喷涂系统)及其研究现状。综述了近几年冷喷涂技术在防腐涂层、耐磨涂层、生物医用、抗菌涂层、电子工业、功能涂层、修复与再制造等领域的研究和应用现状,最后对冷喷涂技术的应用和发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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与传统的热喷涂相比,冷喷涂具有沉积温度低、沉积效率高、孔隙率低,以及粉末在沉积过程中不易发生氧化、分解、相变和纳米结构材料的晶粒长大等问题,这使得氧化敏感、温度敏感和相变敏感等材料的高质量涂层制备成为可能.更值得一提地是,近年来冷喷涂工艺与设备的大力发展使冷喷涂作为一种快速固态成形工艺,在金属增材制造和航空航天等关键零部件的损伤修复中得到应用.鉴于目前冷喷涂技术受到国内学者和工业界越来越多的关注,基于大量的文献调研和长期对国内外冷喷涂研发动态的跟踪,对冷喷涂材料种类、涂层典型组织结构与性能及其工艺和设备系统的发展进行了总结.首先,简介了冷喷涂系统的组成结构、喷涂材料的种类及涂层的组织结构与性能;其次,探讨了高压/低压冷喷涂和真空冷喷涂工艺及其设备的发展现状,讨论了基于喷枪或喷嘴设计的冷喷涂工艺设计与优化,如内孔冷喷涂、脉冲式气体冷喷涂和径向冷喷涂,介绍了针对其他技术辅助传统冷喷涂工艺的发展,包括激光辅助冷喷涂、静电辅助冷喷涂、磁场辅助冷喷涂、搅拌摩擦加工辅助冷喷涂增材制造等;最后,指出了冷喷涂工艺及系统发展尚存的关键问题,并对其材料研究和工业应用进行了展望. 相似文献
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冷喷涂沉积机理及其装备的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1
冷喷涂是近几年基于空气动力学发展起来的新型表面改性技术。冷喷涂技术在较低的温度下进行,相比热喷涂有很多优势,成为研制开发非晶、纳米及其他温度敏感材料的有效手段,在工业及国防领域有着重要的应用前景和价值。简要介绍了冷喷涂技术的原理、特点以及在保护涂层、功能涂层、近净成形、零件修复等方面的应用。涂层沉积机理的研究对冷喷涂技术的研究具有重要的理论意义,对工艺参数的优化以及优质涂层的制备具有重要的指导作用。冷喷涂装备对涂层质量和喷涂效率的提高至关重要。冷喷涂装备使冷喷涂技术的研究从理论研究到实验研究过渡,最终由实验室研究向工业应用过渡。详细阐述了冷喷涂涂层沉积机理及其研究进展。系统阐述了冷喷涂装备(真空冷喷涂、激光辅助冷喷涂、脉冲气体冷喷涂、激波风洞冷喷涂等)的工作原理及研究现状。 相似文献
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首先对冷喷涂铝基复合材料涂层的装备开发现状进行了总结,通过对比低压、中高压、真空、激光辅助、原位喷丸辅助冷喷涂技术的优缺点,指出现有冷喷涂装备对制备铝基复合材料的适用性。其次,通过总结冷喷涂技术在制备铝基金属间化合物、铝基陶瓷、铝基石墨烯等复合材料涂层方面的研究现状,证明冷喷涂技术在各类型铝基复合材料制备方面的优势和可行性。最后,对热处理、搅拌摩擦、热等静压和激光重熔等冷喷涂制备涂层的常用后处理方法进行了分析,阐述合理的后处理策略对提升冷喷涂铝基复合材料性能方面的重要意义。总之,专用冷喷涂装备开发、复合材料结构设计和后处理策略的体系化研究,是推动冷喷涂技术应用于金属基复合材料开发的关键。 相似文献
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冷喷涂技术在生物医学领域中的应用及展望 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
冷喷涂技术(cold spray technology)是一类赋予材料表面特殊性能的重要手段。概述了冷喷涂技术在制备温度敏感生物材料加工领域的优势,并重点综述了利用冷喷涂技术制备的典型生物材料。目前,冷喷涂沉积永久性植入金属材料,如Ti合金、Fe基合金、Co-Cr合金和可降解金属材料Mg合金等技术相对成熟。近年来随着冷喷涂技术的发展,有效解决和拓展了用于医疗器械表面改性的涂层材料体系,如冷喷涂制备高分子材料超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)涂层,以及高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和聚醚醚酮(PEEK)表面冷喷涂制备生物涂层。最值得关注的冷喷涂或真空冷喷涂技术制备陶瓷涂层,如羟基磷灰石(HA)、羟基磷灰石-石墨烯(HA-graphene)以及二氧化钛(Ti O2),在生物医学领域应用具有突破性进展。同时归纳了冷喷涂技术在生物医学领域的研究现状和问题,虽然在针对冷喷涂生物涂层的微观结构、力学行为、腐蚀抗力等方面取得了一定成果,在组织工程、抗菌材料等领域也取得了尝试性突破,但尚缺乏系统的冷喷涂涂层生物学性能表征,涂层与细胞/组织相互作用机理还不明确,相关的临床研究欠缺。最后,在此基础上,展望了未来生物材料朝功能化和个性化医疗方向的发展方向。冷喷涂技术在功能化载药涂层的低温制备和个性化医疗器械增材制造等领域将有更大的应用空间,并给新型生物材料的表面改性带来更多机遇和可能。 相似文献
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近年来,冷喷涂技术是一门备受关注的新兴技术,冷喷涂过程中超音速金属粒子以固态形式碰撞基体后产生剧烈的塑性变形从而形成沉积。 由于冷喷涂的沉积可以实现连续堆积而逐层增厚,从而使该技术从一种涂层加工技术发展成为一种快速的增材制造技术。 经历了 30 多年的迅猛发展,冷喷涂技术的研究方向正在从基础理论研究转变到应用开发,其中一些应用已经实现工业化量产。 文中介绍了冷喷涂的技术及工程化应用特点,展示了典型冷喷涂涂层性能等基础研究以及冷喷涂涂层应用等开发方面的工作,并且重点介绍了冷喷涂技术在航空航天、能源动力、电子电力、增材制造等领域的应用研究方面所取得的一些新进展。 相似文献
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Cold gas dynamic spray (cold spray) is a promising rapid deposition technology in which particles deposit at supersonic velocities.
The effect of isothermal annealing on recrystallization and mechanical properties of commercial purity (CP) titanium structures
that were directly fabricated through cold spray deposition is studied. The optimized cold spray parameters led to a dense
cold spray structure. Results show that annealing improves ductility of the cold-sprayed CP titanium structure. The mechanism
for softening is the nucleation and growth of equiaxed grains, which include an ultrafine grain structure. A physical-based
model for recrystallization of the cold spray CP titanium is proposed. The results show that recrystallization does not eliminate
preferred orientation inherited from the cold spray material. 相似文献
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Eric Irissou Jean-Gabriel Legoux Anatoly N. Ryabinin Bertrand Jodoin Christian Moreau 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2008,17(4):495-516
The number of research papers as well as of patents and patent applications on cold spray and cold spray related technologies
has grown exponentially in the current decade. This rapid growth of activity brought a tremendous amount of information on
this technology in a short period of time. The main motivation for this review is to summarize the rapidly expanding common
knowledge on cold spray to help researchers and engineers already or soon to be involved for their future endeavors with this
new technology. Cold spray is one of the various names for describing an all-solid-state coating process that uses a high-speed
gas jet to accelerate powder particles toward a substrate where they plastically deform and consolidate upon impact. Cold
gas dynamic spray, cold spray, kinetic spray, supersonic particle deposition, dynamic metallization or kinetic metallization
are all terminologies found in the literature that designate the above-defined coating process. This review on cold spray
technology is divided into two parts. In this article, Part I, patents and patent applications related to this process are
reviewed, starting from the first few mentions of the idea at the beginning of the 20th century to its practical discovery
in Russia in the 1980s and its subsequent occidental development and commercialization. The patent review encompasses Russian
and USA patents and patent applications. Part II will review the scientific literature giving a general perspective of the
current understanding and capability of this process. 相似文献
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低温冷风-微量润滑技术在冷镦模具上的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在分析冷镦机主要热源的基础上,将低温冷风喷雾射流技术运用到冷镦机模具上,设计了一套低温冷风喷雾射流系统,并对定模具的散热结构进行优化。 相似文献
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Characterization of Cold Spray Titanium Supersonic Jet 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Titanium is widely used in aerospace, highly corrosive environments, and implants due to unique properties such as high strength
to weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. Cold gas dynamic spray (cold spray) technology, in contrast to current
fabrication technologies, has provided the potential for titanium to be utilized in broader industrial applications and at
lower cost. Particle velocity is the most important parameter in the cold spray process that leads to successful deposition
of titanium at supersonic speeds. In this study, particle image velocimetry (PIV) is utilized to characterize supersonic flow
field for a commercially pure (CP) titanium powder. The results represent experimentally determined velocity for titanium
particles under supersonic conditions with respect to propellant gas, spray temperature, and stagnation pressure. The high
velocity flow region outside of the cold spray nozzle was significantly extended using helium. An increase in stagnation temperature
results in a high velocity region close to the axis of the cold spray nozzle. In contrast, an increase in pressure expands
the high velocity regions in the cold spray plume. The PIV that is a whole-flow-field process is a practical characterization
technique for optimization of parameters and validation of the future models for the cold spray process. 相似文献
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Saden H. Zahiri Christian I. Antonio Mahnaz Jahedi 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2009,209(2):922-929
Cold gas dynamic spray (cold spray) is a deposition technology in which particles achieve supersonic velocities. Commercial purity titanium (CP Ti) is directly fabricated to exploit the potential for cold spray to be utilised as a new fabrication technology. Deposition parameters for elimination of porosity were identified. Results show that using helium as the deposition gas has a significant influence on the elimination of pores. The volume fraction of porosity decreased with a decrease in the distance between the nozzle and the substrate. Furthermore, a decrease in average particle size led to a reduction in porosity of the deposited material. The results show that the directly fabricated CP Ti exhibits a higher hardness compared with wrought CP Ti. Optimisation of cold spray parameters led to a significant reduction of pores in directly fabricated parts. 相似文献