专利文摘

<正>碳纳米管改性的聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝及其制备方法本发明涉及一种碳纳米管改性的聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝及其制备方法,组分包括:碳纳米管和聚丙烯腈,其质量分数比为1%～20%:80%～99%;制备包括,⑴?将聚丙烯腈溶解在溶剂中,配成质量分数为3%～45%的聚丙烯腈溶液,过滤,脱泡;⑵?将聚丙烯腈的溶剂与水配成纺丝凝     

静电纺丝制备聚丙烯腈纳米碳纤维

利用静电纺丝制备连续的聚丙烯腈纳米碳纤维;介绍了静电纺丝的原理、影响静电纺丝的主要因素以及制备纳米碳纤维、纳米活性炭纤维、纳米碳纤维复合材料的方法和原理;分析了静电纺丝产率低,难以得到单向平铺的纤维等问题,影响静电纺丝的参数主要有溶液特性、纺丝工艺参数、纺丝环境参数。由静电纺丝得到纳米聚丙烯腈纤维,然后再经预氧化和碳化制备纳米碳纤维,或把纳米纤维预氧化,经活化、碳化制备纳米活性炭纤维。并指出纳米碳纤维具有巨大的潜在应用空间。     

专利文摘

一种聚丙烯腈基碳纤维的高亲水性和放热性纺丝液及其制备方法本发明公开了一种聚丙烯腈基碳纤维的高亲水性和放热性纺丝液及其制备方法,该纺丝液的组成为:单体与共聚单体无规共聚物的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液;其制备方法为:将引发剂偶氮二异丁腈、主单体丙烯腈、共聚单体烯丙基咪唑     

聚丙烯腈原丝及其干喷湿纺

介绍了用于 PAN基碳纤维的聚丙烯腈原丝的发展历史 ,阐述了聚丙烯腈纺丝工艺中的主要工序和技术关键 ,指出了可以在聚合、纺丝过程中通过控制杂质及使用高相对分子质量的 PAN树脂纺制 PAN纤维等方法来提高原丝的性能。着重介绍了目前纺丝工艺中 PAN共聚体的制备、纺丝流体的流变行为及其凝固过程等重要工序的研究成果     

国内外PAN基碳纤维的研究进展

介绍了聚丙烯腈基碳纤维材料的应用与聚丙烯腈基碳纤维生产技术在国内外的现状与发展,重点介绍了PAN基碳纤维原丝的制备工艺,聚合体系的组成与研制,纺丝工艺的特点及PAN原丝预氧化工艺和PAN的碳化工艺的研究。在现阶段我国聚丙烯腈基碳纤维在生产与研制上与国外的差距,并对高性能碳纤维复合材料产业在我国的发展作了展望。     

一种聚丙烯腈基中空碳纤维原丝及其制备方法

本发明涉及一种聚丙烯腈基中空碳纤维原丝及其制备方法。本发明的聚丙烯腈基中空碳纤维原丝可用于聚丙烯腈基中空碳纤维的制备。采用含衣康酸的丙烯腈二元共聚体系,或含衣康酸与丙烯酸甲酯的丙烯腈三元共聚体系湿法纺丝工艺配合圆弧狭缝喷丝板纺丝,可以得到多丝束中空碳纤维原丝、该原丝的外径尺寸与结构符合常规预氧化碳化工艺对原丝纤维的要求、纤维表面存在沟槽结构有利于复合材料界面性能的提高。     

沥青基碳纤维制备研究进展

概述了碳纤维的研发现状、产品分类及性能,并从原料制备、沥青熔融纺丝、预氧化、炭化及石墨化4个阶段介绍了沥青基碳纤维的制备过程。综述了目前沥青基碳纤维制备的研究进展及各阶段的主要作用,指出中间相沥青基碳纤维的制备将是未来重点的研发及利用方向。     

聚丙烯腈纤维的熔融纺丝

综述了聚丙烯腈纤维的熔融纺丝工艺 ,主要介绍了非增塑融纺的聚丙烯腈树脂及纤维的制备方法和性质。     

最新专利

<正>一种制备聚丙烯腈碳纤维原丝的方法公开号CN103103631A/公开日2013-05-15/申请人威海拓展纤维有限公司本发明涉及一种制备聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝的方法,将丙烯腈与共聚单体进行溶液共聚,形成分子结构相对均一可控的聚合物纺丝原液,该纺丝原液经过     

基于熔融纺丝PAN原丝的数值模拟研究

采用熔融纺丝制备聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维原丝,根据聚合物熔融纺丝的基本原理,选取PhanThien-Tanner微分粘弹模型,利用Polyflow软件对PAN熔融纺丝过程进行数值模拟,研究了PAN原丝制备过程的直径变化、拉伸速率分布、温度分布规律。结果表明:在距喷丝板0~10 cm处纤维直径急剧缩小,10~20 cm处开始缓慢减小,之后趋于稳定,纤维表面和纤维中心拉伸速率几乎重合,纤维中心温度一直高于表面温度,在离喷丝板2~15 cm处,纤维中心温度与表面温度之差较大,之后温差变小最终趋于0℃;数值仿真模拟可以较准确地模拟PAN熔融纺丝过程;熔融纺丝制得PAN原丝,其断裂强度能满足高性能碳纤维原丝的强度要求。     

Structure and properties of partially cyclized polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fiber—precursor fiber prepared by melt‐spun with ionic liquid as the medium of processing

Carbon fiber has many excellent properties. Currently, the precursor fiber of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based carbon fiber is made from solution by wet or dry spinning process that requires expensive solvents and costly solvent recovery. To solve this problem, we developed a melt‐spun process with ionic liquid as the medium of processing. The melt‐spun precursor fiber exhibited partially cyclized structure. The structure and properties of the melt‐spun PAN precursor fiber were analyzed by combination of scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, ultraviolet spectroscopy, flotation technique, sound velocity orientation test, linear density, and tensile strength tests. The results showed that the tensile strength of melt‐spun PAN precursor fiber was fairly high reached up to 7.0 cN/dtex. The reason was the low imperfect morphology and a cyclized structure formed by in situ chemical reaction during melt‐spun process. Due to the existence of partially cyclized structure in the melt‐spun PAN precursor fiber, exothermic process was mitigated and the heat evolved decreased during thermal stabilization stage in comparison with commercial precursor fibers produced by solution‐spun, which could shorten the residence time of thermal stabilization and reduce the cost of final carbon fiber. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:2722–2728, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Processing,structure, and properties of gel spun PAN and PAN/CNT fibers and gel spun PAN based carbon fibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PAN/carbon nanotube (PAN/CNT) fibers were manufactured through dry‐jet wet spinning and gel spinning. Fiber coagulation occurred in a solvent‐free or solvent/nonsolvent coagulation bath mixture with temperatures ranging from ?50 to 25°C. The effect of fiber processing conditions was studied to understand their effect on the as‐spun fiber cross‐sectional shape, as well as the as‐spun fiber morphology. Increased coagulation bath temperature and a higher concentration of solvent in the coagulation bath medium resulted in more circular fibers and smoother fiber surface. as‐spun fibers were then drawn to investigate the relationship between as‐spun fiber processing conditions and the drawn precursor fiber structure and mechanical properties. PAN precursor fiber tows were then stabilized and carbonized in a continuous process for the manufacture of PAN based carbon fibers. Carbon fibers with tensile strengths as high as 5.8 GPa and tensile modulus as high as 375 GPa were produced. The highest strength PAN based carbon fibers were manufactured from as‐spun fibers with an irregular cross‐sectional shape produced using a ?50°C methanol coagulation bath, and exhibited a 61% increase in carbon fiber tensile strength as compared to the carbon fibers manufactured with a circular cross‐section. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:2603–2614, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

聚丙烯腈基碳纤维的研究进展

综述了聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维制备技术现状和进展.分析了对PAN原丝质最有重要影响的PAN化学组成、纺丝溶剂和纺丝技术特点.重点讨论了PAN原丝氧化稳定工艺和机理、碳化过程所发生的化学反应和工艺过程以及石墨化对碳纤维性能的影响.在分析国外碳纤维研究进展的基础上,建议应重点完善PAN原丝生产工艺,利用国内外最新研究成果,采用有效的试验方法,将碳纤维的抗拉强度和杨氏模量作为目标函数,建立各种工艺条件对目标函数影响的数学模型,判别对碳纤维性能有重要影响的参数,并寻找出高性能碳纤维生产较为理想的工艺条件.     

聚丙烯腈熔融纺丝技术进展

叙述了聚丙烯腈的结构特征，丙烯腈聚合物的增塑，增塑和非增塑聚丙烯腈熔融纺丝工艺和纤维性质。熔纺制得的聚丙烯腈纤维，适用于纺织、地毯以及用作碳纤维原丝。增塑熔融纺丝技术已达到相当高的水平，熔纺纤维的形态与普通聚丙烯腈纤维类似，但存在皮芯结构，芯部有微孔。制得的聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝，拉伸强度达５．５～６．６ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ，用这种原丝生产的碳纤维的拉伸强度约为３．６×１０３ＭＰａ，模量约为２．３３×１０５ＭＰａ，伸长率约为１．５％，可制得性能优良的航空航天用复合材料。非增塑熔融纺丝，采用特定的丙烯腈聚合物和纺丝条件，不添加任何增塑剂，用普通熔融纺丝机在１０００ｍ／ｍｉｎ或２０００ｍ／ｍｉｎ以上的速度纺丝，经拉伸可得强度２．２～１１ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ、伸长率５％～３０％和模量５５～２２２ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ的纤维。     

中介相沥青液晶熔体纺丝

阐述了中介相沥青液晶熔体纺丝工艺条件及其对碳纤维结构与性能的影响，讨论了单孔纺丝中各种纺丝工艺条件与纺丝稳定性的关系，介绍了几种新型纺丝方法如多孔纺丝、异形纺丝、复合纺丝、离心纺丝和熔吹纺丝，简要介绍了获得带形、Ｙ字形、三角形、中空形和线圈状碳纤维的制备工艺，最后指出使用狭缝形喷丝孔易于获得模量高达９３０ＧＰａ的超高模量碳纤维。     

碳纤维用聚丙烯腈原丝制备技术的研究进展

碳纤维的品质在很大程度上取决于原丝。制造品质优异的原丝的主要制约因素有聚合体中共聚单体类型、纺丝方法及工艺、拉伸工艺、干燥致密化程度、上油工艺及油剂类型。本文从以上几个方面总结了日本文献中制取高性能碳纤维原丝的几种关键技术。     

沥青基碳纤维的研发及产业化

沥青基碳纤维是碳纤维的一个重要品种,但我国在沥青基碳纤维的研发和生产较国外还有很大差距。介绍了我国沥青基碳纤维研发和产业化现状,就其中的关键工艺(纺丝沥青调制和熔融纺丝)进行了综合分析。通用级沥青基碳纤维在国内已有一定的科研和生产基础,近期可望完成自主技术工业化装备的建立和生产;高性能沥青基碳纤维的研发虽然较为充分,但用于纺丝的中间相沥青的制备和连续长丝工艺的开发还要经过努力才能实现产业化,以摆脱美日的技术和产品的封锁。     

Polyacrylonitrile/acrylamide‐based carbon fibers prepared using a solvent‐free coagulation process: Fiber properties and its structure evolution during stabilization and carbonization

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/acrylamide (AM) fibers were fabricated via dry‐jet wet spinning process using a solvent‐free coagulation bath. The effects of AM loading as comonomer on the mechanical and thermal properties of PAN‐based carbon fiber have been studied. The thermal stability and mechanical stability of the fibers were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and tensile testing. Fibers fabricated from PAN with 5 wt% AM had the highest Young Modulus at 5.54 GPa. It also showed better exothermic trend process with broader exothermic peak and lower initiation stabilization temperature compared with homopolymer PAN. The elemental composition and chemical structure evolution of the fibers during the heat treatment processes were evaluated by elemental analyzer and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Crystal structure evolution of the fibers during the heat treatment process was elucidated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The elemental analyzer, XRD and FTIR results revealed that pyrolysis process used had successfully transformed PAN/AM fibers produced from solvent free coagulation bath into carbon fibers that were comparable with the conventional coagulation bath. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

A comparison of coagulation and gelation on the structures and stabilization behaviors of polyacrylonitrile fibers

The fiber spinning methods determine the formation of the physical structures of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers which further affect stabilization reactions and the mechanical performances of the resultant carbon fibers. In this study, PAN fibers were prepared by both dry-jet gel spinning (g-PAN) and dry-jet wet spinning (w-PAN), and their stabilization behaviors were compared. While the stabilized w-PAN fibers show sheath-core structures, the stabilized g-PAN fibers exhibit relatively uniform stabilized structures along the radial direction. Additionally, the stabilization reactions of g-PAN fibers occur faster than that of w-PAN fibers, and the cyclization, oxidation, and crosslinking reaction activation energies of g-PAN fibers are lower than that of w-PAN fibers, respectively. Moreover, the carbon yield of g-PAN is higher than that of w-PAN fibers. We believe that above changes are possibly ascribed to the formation of different PAN sheath structures and oriented chain structures during dry-jet wet spinning and dry-jet gel spinning. It is concluded that gel spinning could significantly reduce the sheath-core difference of PAN fibers and the stabilized fibers as compared with wet spinning, which leads to a faster stabilization and more uniform stabilized structures. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48671.