The microstructure and magnetic properties of Ca2+ ion doped GdCrO3

In this paper, the crystal structure, vacancy defect, local electron density and magnetic properties of Gd_1-xCa_xCrO₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) polycrystalline samples were investigated systematically. The crystal structural analyses show that all the samples are orthorhombic phase and a structural distortion happens around x = 0.3. Due to the formation of Cr⁴⁺ ions, both the lattice constant and the Cr–O bond length decrease. The results of positron annihilation spectrum reveals that the vacancy defect concentration increases and the local electron structure changes with the introduction of Ca²⁺ ions. The field-cooled (FC) and zero-field cooled (ZFC) curves of Gd_1-xCa_xCrO₃ samples measured under H = 100 Oe exhibits negative magnetization characteristics due to the interaction between Gd³⁺ and Cr³⁺ ions, and the magnetism can be affected by the structural distortion.     

Structural,magnetic, and dielectric properties in Aurivillius phase SrxBi6-xFe1-x/2Co1-x/2Ti3+xO18

Sr_xBi_6-xFe_1-x/2Co_1-x/2Ti_3+xO₁₈ (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1)(SBFCT-x) ceramics were prepared by the sol-gel auto-combustion method, and their microstructures, ferroelectric, magnetic and dielectric properties were investigated. All samples show layer-perovskited Aurivillius phase, which confirms that Sr doping does not affect the structure of SBFCT ceramics. The coexistence of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism were observed at room temperature for all the samples. The largest remnant polarization (2P_r ˜ 17.4 μC/cm²) is observed in the SBFCT-1 ceramic, while the SBFCT-0.5 ceramic shows the highest remnant magnetization (2M_r ˜ 0.74 emu/g). To explore the effect of valance states of magnetic ions on the properties, we analysed the content variation of Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, and oxygen vacancies by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results. Furthermore, dielectric anomalies have been found around 400 K, which can be ascribed to the hopping process of oxygen vacancies. The effects of Sr and Ti substitution on ferroelectric and magnetic properties have been investigated and discussed.     

Direct Control of Defects on Positron Lifetimes and Dielectric Constant of Microwave Ceramics

It is of great importance to discover completely the correlation between the defects and positron lifetimes in positron annihilation technology (PAT) and reveal clearly the effect of defects on the dielectric constant of universal microwave ceramics. In this work, ZnNb_2?xTi_xO_6?x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) dielectric ceramics with nonstoichiometric defects were prepared by solid‐state reaction. All the pores and defects in as‐prepared ceramics were accurately revealed by PAT as a convenient way. The positron lifetimes of τ₃ and τ₂ in positron annihilation lifetime spectra (PALS) were dependent on two kinds of pores correlated with where o‐Ps atoms and trapping positron annihilated in, whereas τ₁ could be separated evidently into τ_b and τ_t which are related to bulk structure and negatively charged defects in the system. The dielectric constant of microwave ceramics ZnNb_2?xTi_xO_6?x, which increases from 26 to 49 with x increasing from 0 to 0.5 at 10 GHz, is confirmed to be directly controlled by the negatively charged defect of through cation rattling.     

The structure,vacancy characteristics,and magnetic properties of GdMn1-xCrxO3 ceramics

To investigate the evolution of the structural and enhanced magnetic properties of GdMnO₃ systems induced by the substitution of Mn with Cr, polycrystalline GdMn_1-xCr_xO₃ samples were synthesized via solid-state reactions. XRD characterization shows that all GdMn_1-xCr_xO₃ compounds with single-phase structures crystallize well and that Cr³⁺ ions entering the lattice sites of GdMnO₃ induce structural distortion. SEM results indicate that the grain size of the synthesized samples (a few microns) decreases as the Cr substitution concentration increases. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy reveals that vacancy-type defects occur in GdMn_1-xCr_xO₃ ceramics and that the vacancy size and concentration clearly change with the Cr content. The temperature and field dependence of the magnetization curves show that Cr substitution significantly influences the magnetic ordering of the gadolinium sublattice, improving the weak ferromagnetic transition temperature and magnetization of GdMn_1-xCr_xO₃. The enhanced magnetization of GdMn_1-xCr_xO₃ is closely related to the vacancy defect concentration.     

Crystal symmetry and magnetism in Ti substituted Bi0.8Ba0.2FeO3 ceramic

The effect of Ti⁴⁺ substitution on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of the Bi_0.8Ba_0.2FeO₃ ceramic nanoparticles was investigated. Bi_0.8Ba_0.2Fe_1−xTi_xO₃ (x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) ceramics have been prepared by tartaric acid modified sol-gel method. Rietveld refinement of the XRD profile pattern of Bi_0.8Ba_0.2FeO₃ ceramic revealed the formation of pseudo-cubic (Pm3m) phase and confirms structural distortion on incorporation of Ti⁴⁺ ions, which consequently transform pseudo-cubic (Pm3m) structure to tetragonal (P4mm) structure. The saturation magnetization increases appreciably on Ti⁴⁺ ions substitution in Bi_0.8Ba_0.2FeO₃ and is found to be 0.57 emu/g for Bi_0.8Ba_0.2Fe_0.95Ti_0.05O₃ ceramic. The increase in the magnetization by the substitution of non-magnetic Ti⁴⁺ ions has been ascribed to crystal structure modification made by the Ti⁴⁺ ions. However, a sudden decrease in the magnetization has been observed for Bi_0.8Ba_0.2Fe_0.8Ti_0.2O₃ ceramic nanoparticles. The prominent Ti (3d) – O (2p) hybridization would stabilize the ferroelectric distortion and consequently reduce the magnetization. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of Bi_0.8Ba_0.2Fe_0.8Ti_0.2O₃ ceramic sample revealed the formation of dense microstructure with uniform grains size.     

Antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in Bi-doped LaFeO3 nanocrystalline ceramics

A series of nanocrystalline La_1-xBi_xFeO₃ (0.0≤x ≤ 0.5) ceramic powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the crystal structure evolution and hyperfine interactions of the samples. The average diameter of the powders was revealed to be approximately 80 nm. All the samples were crystallized into an orthorhombic crystal structure (space group Pnma) with no second phase. The magnetization of the Bi-doped samples obviously improved with increasing Bi content. A remarkable antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic transition was detected at x ≥ 0.2, and a high coercive field of 23.05 kÖe was obtained with x = 0.5. The high correlation between the magnetization parameters and bonding characteristics indicated that significant stretching of the Fe³⁺-O_d^2- bonds and a decrease in Fe³⁺-O_d^2--Fe³⁺ linkage angles were the main origins of the strong ferromagnetism in the Bi-doped systems.     

Effects of Y–Co co-substitution on the structural and magnetic properties of M-type strontium hexaferrites

Y³⁺- and Co²⁺-substituted Sr_1-xY_xFe_12-xCo_xO₁₉ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.50) M-type hexaferrites were synthesized using a traditional oxide ceramic process to study their structural and static magnetic properties. The well-defined M-type phase structures of the pure and Y–Co co-substituted strontium ferrites were verified via XRD analysis. When the Y–Co substitution amount (x) exceeded 0.20, the Fe₂O₃, Y₃Fe₅O₁₂, SrFe₂O₄, and CoFe₂O₄ impurity phases coexisted in the M-type strontium hexaferrite structure. The lattice parameters a and c increased when x ≤ 0.20; however, a further increase in the Y–Co substitution caused them to decrease. The X-ray density d_x initially decreased when x ≤ 0.20, and subsequently increased with a further increase in Y–Co substitution. The density of the sintered samples d_s exhibited a decreasing trend with the increasing Y–Co substitution, inducing the porosity to increase. The saturation magnetization M_s monotonously decreased with the increasing Y–Co substitution amount. The in-plane and out-of-plane coercivities, H_c(ip) and H_c(op), initially increased as x increased from 0 to 0.20. When x > 0.20, however, H_c(ip) exhibited a decreasing trend; particularly, a linear decrease was observed as x increased from 0.30 to 0.50. The squareness ratio S reached its maximum (79.6%) at x = 0.20.     

Microstructure evolution and magnetic properties of Eu doped CuFeO2 multiferroic ceramics studied by positron annihilation

A series of multiferroic ceramics CuFe_1-xEu_xO₂ (x?=?0–0.10) are prepared by traditional solid-state reaction. The effects of Eu doping on the microstructure, vacancy-type defects, and magnetic properties of CuFeO₂ ceramics are investigated systematically by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, positron annihilation lifetime and physical property measurement system. The results show that no phase transition occurs in the entire range of doping content (x?=?0–0.10), but the single phase structure is damaged by high Eu content (x?=?0.04–0.10). Positron annihilation measurements indicate that the local electron density and the vacancy-type defect concentration increase gradually with the increase in Eu content from 0 to 0.08. Furthermore, abnormal changes in lifetime parameters can be found in x?=?0.10 sample induced by the existence of impurity phase in the system. The magnetic measurements reveal that all the samples exhibit two successive magnetic transitions at T?=?15 and 11?K. In x?=?0.02 sample, the coexistence of ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism can be found, and a maximum saturation magnetization of 11.548?emu/g at 5?kOe is achieved. The possible reasons for the above observations are discussed in detail.     

Microwave absorption of M-type hexaferrite Ba1-xCaxFe12O19 (x ≤ 0.4) ceramics in 2.6–18 GHz

Ba_1-xCa_xFe₁₂O₁₉ (x?=?0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4, BCFO) ceramics were prepared using high-temperature solid-state method and the effect of Ca²⁺ substitution was investigated. The grain size of BCFO ceramics sintered at 1250?°C for 2?h increases from 1?µm to 5?µm as Ca²⁺ added. The BCFO ceramics show a typical hard magnetic behavior with a maximum saturation magnetization (M_S) of 51.8?emu?g^?1 at x?=?0.2. The bandwidth of microwave reflection loss (RL) below ??10?dB (> 90.0% microwave absorption) is obtained in 7.60???9.8?GHz with the minimum RL ??30.8?dB at 8.5?GHz for x?=?0.2 (thickness 2.0?mm), which makes Ba_0.8Ca_0.2Fe₁₂O₁₉ ceramic a potential microwave absorption candidate.     

Phase formation and magnetic properties of M-type lanthanum substituted strontium ferrites

Rare earth ion substitution is one of the most important methods for adjusting the magnetic properties of M-type hexagonal ferrites; however, the regularity of these phase formations has rarely been studied. In this work, La substituted Sr hexaferrite La_xSr_1-xO·nFe₂O₃ (La-SrM, 4.9 ≤ n ≤ 6.0, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) was prepared using the traditional ceramic method. The effects of the Fe/Sr molar ratio (n), calcining temperature, and La³⁺ substitution (x) on SrM phase formation, the crystalline structure, and magnetic properties were investigated. With an increase of x up to a maximum value of 0.5–0.6, a higher calcining temperature is required to form the single M-phase of La-SrM samples. However, the optimal n values of single-phase La-SrM samples differ as the La substitution varies: when x = 0.1, n = 5.5–6.0; x = 0.2, n = 5.5–5.9; x = 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, n = 5.7–5.8. The magnetic measurements show that La_0.2Sr_0.8O·5.8Fe₂O₃ has the highest specific saturation magnetization (σ_s), which is 2.2% higher than that of unsubstituted SrM (SrO·6Fe₂O₃), while the anisotropic field (H_A), the anisotropic constant (K₁), and Neel point (T_N) of La³⁺ substituted SrM decreased. Detailed structure analyses were conducted to explain the changes in magnetic properties. Fe³⁺ in the spin-up 2a sublattice of La_xSr_1-xO·5.8Fe₂O₃ decreased by approximately 5% from 98.5% (x = 0) to 93.85% (x = 0.4) with an increase in x. Additionally, a small amount of Fe³⁺ was reduced to Fe²⁺ in the spin-down 4f₂ sublattice with the maximum reduction amount of 4.13% reached at x = 0.2, thereby improving σ_s. The decrease in the bond angle of (4f₁) Fe3–O2–Fe5 (12k), (2a) Fe1–O4–Fe3 (4f₁), and (4f₁) Fe3–O4–Fe5 (12k) lead to the weakening of Fe–O–Fe superexchange of La-SrM so that H_A, K_1, and T_n decreased with increasing values of x. This work lays a solid foundation for the study of process regulation and ion substitution of permanent magnet ferrite.     

Simultaneous improvement of coercivity and saturation magnetization of M-type strontium ferrite by Nd3+-Co2+ unequal co-substitution

We synthesized Sr_1-xNd_xFe_12-yCo_yO₁₉ (x = 0–0.25, y = 0–0.1) using a conventional ceramic route. The crystal structures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction. With increasing Nd³⁺ and Co²⁺ contents, lattice constant a increases, while lattice constant c decreases. In terms of magnetic properties, the saturation magnetization and coercivity are simultaneously increased when x = y = 0.1 (equal co-substitution). This is mainly because the bivalent Co²⁺ has a smaller magnetic moment and unquenched orbital moments. When substitution amount x is further increased (unequal co-substitution), the magnetic properties are further improved and reach the optimum values of M_s = 76.4 emu/g and H_c = 5115 Oe owing to the occupation of the 2a site by divalent Fe²⁺. The occupancies of Co²⁺ and Fe²⁺ are further verified using Raman spectroscopy.     

Effect of the calcium on the textural, structural and catalytic properties of La1–x Ca x Co1–y Fe y O3 perovskites

In La_1-x Ca _x Co_1-y Fe _y O₃ perovskites, the calcium substitution modifies the crystalline structure toward a pseudocubic one and produces an electronic unbalance, compensated by the formation of oxygen vacancies and Fe⁴⁺ ions. It also increases slightly the ethanol conversion in total combustion, compensating the detriment of catalytic activity caused by the iron substitution and it increases notably the selectivity to total oxidation.     

Synthesis and analysis of structural,compositional, morphological,magnetic, electrical and surface charge properties of Zn-doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles

Zn-doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles (Zn_xNi_(1-x)Fe₂O₄) were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. The structural and compositional studies of the Zn_xNi_(1-x)Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles revealed their face-centred cubic spinel structure and an appropriate amount of Zn doping in nickel ferrite nanoparticles, respectively. The morphological analysis had been carried out to obtain the particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles. The magnetic studies revealed the superparamagnetic nature of the Zn_xNi_(1-x)Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles, and the maximum magnetization of 30 emu/g for the Zn_0.2N_0.8Fe₂O₄ sample. The M ? H curves were fitted with the Langevin function to obtain the magnetic particle diameter of Zn_xNi_(1-x)Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles. The electrical conduction in Zn_xNi_(1-x)Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles was explained through the Verway hopping mechanism. The Zn_0.2N_0.8Fe₂O₄ nanoparticle exhibited a higher electrical conductivity of 42 μS/cm and surface charge of ?29/7 mV due to the enhanced hopping of Fe³⁺ ions in the octahedral sites. Owing to this nature, they were identified as the suitable candidates in the applications such as thermoelectrics, hyperthermia, magnetic coating and for the preparation of conducting ferrofluids.     

Significantly reduced hysteresis in (Fe1/2Nb1/2)4+-modified 0.75Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-0.25SrTiO3 lead-free piezoceramics with large strain

Aiming to get the NBT-based lead-free ceramic with high strain and low strain hysteresis for practical actuator applications, a solid solution of complex-ion (Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)⁴⁺doped 0.75Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃-0.25SrTiO₃ ((Na_1/2Bi_1/2)_0.75Sr_0.25Ti_1-x(Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)_xO₃, abbreviated as NBST-100xFN) was designed and prepared, and its phase structure, micromorphology, ferroelectric, strain, dielectric and piezoelectric performances were systematically investigated. It was found that the incorporation of (Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)⁴⁺ causes a structure transition from the ferroelectric/relaxor (FE/RE) mixed phases to relaxor (RE) phase, increasing to a promising strain performance at x = 0.04 featured by not only a moderate strain value of 0.26%, corresponding normalized strain d₃₃* of 371 pm/V, but also a very small strain hysteresis of 22%. In addition, the NBST-4FN ceramic sample also exhibits an unexceptionable frequency-dependence of unipolar strain. This study provides a new understanding and design idea for the practical actuator application of high strain NBT-based lead-free ceramics with ultra-low hysteresis.     

Effect of Nb substitution on magnetic,ferroelectric and photocatalytic properties of Bi0.95Sm0.05Fe1-xNbxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) nanoparticles

The single phase Bi_0.95Sm_0.05Fe_1-xNb_xO₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel route, and the effect of Nb substitution on their magnetic, ferroelectric and photocatalytic properties were studied. X-ray diffractometry confirms a phase transformation from rhombohedral to orthorhombic with an increase in Nb substitution. The grain size decreases significantly, and the morphology of grains becomes homogeneous with the increase of Nb concentration. The maximum remnant magnetization (0.014 emu/g), coercivity (565 Oe) and polarization (0.592 μC/cm²) are observed in Bi_0.95Sm_0.05Fe_0.9Nb_0.1O₃. It has been observed that the energy band gap has been slightly reduced from 2.14 to 2.03 eV with Nb substitution, indicating an improvement of photocatalytic activity. The methylene blue degradation is used to represent the photocatalytic ability of Bi_0.95Sm_0.05Fe_1-xNb_xO₃ nanoparticles. The highest degradation efficiency (~74%) of methylene blue is obtained in Bi_0.95Sm_0.05Fe_0.93Nb_0.07O₃, which is much higher than that of Bi_0.95Sm_0.05FeO₃ (~51%) and can be attributed to the optimum particle size and the smallest energy band gap.     

New vanadium doped calcium titanate ceramic pigment

In this paper a new pink vanadium doped calcium titanate Ca(V_xTi_1−x)O₃ ceramic pigment in conventional ceramic glazes is obtained by ceramic route and characterized. The limit of solid solution is near by x = 0.2, higher amounts of vanadium crystallizes Ca₂V₂O₇ which dilute the real amount of saturated Ca(V_xTi_1−x)O₃ solid solution and diminish the intensity of colour. The unit cell parameter measurements of Ca(V_xTi_1−x)O₃ agrees with the substitution of Ti⁴⁺ by V⁵⁺ that is associated to a V⁵⁺-O charge transfer at 420 nm on UV-vis-NIR spectra of 5% glazed samples that explain the pink colour obtained. In order to avoid the limitation due to the suppressing of oxygen vacancies by high valence cation V⁵⁺ substitution in a Ti⁴⁺ site of CaTiO₃ perovskite for to preserve the charge neutrality of the lattice; Fe³⁺ and V⁵⁺ codoped samples Ca(Fe_xV_xTi_1−2x)O₃x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 were prepared and show a brown colour fired 1000 °C, but 5% glazed do not produce colour indicating that iron codoping inhibits the pigmenting capacity of vanadium doped CaTiO₃ perovskite.     

Zirconia/garnet multiphase ceramics with high immobilization capacity for Nd confers better physical and chemical stability

Multiphase ceramics have a high application potential in the field of nuclear waste immobilization because of the efficient synergy between the individual phases. In this work, zirconia/garnet multiphase ceramics with high efficient and effective immobilization capacity of trivalent actinides were successfully prepared using conventional solid-phase sintering. ZrO₂ doping increases the lattice site available for nuclide substitution and advance the immobilization capacity of the ceramic substrate for nuclide. At the same time, the phase change of zirconia is used to tougher and improve the physical properties of the ceramic waste form. The feasibility of using multiphase ceramics for the efficient immobilization of trivalent actinides was assessed by studying the phase evolution, microstructure, Vickers hardness, and chemical stability of the multi-phase ceramics. Zr_1-xNd_xO_2-x/2/Ca_3-yNd_yZr_3-yFe_y-1Fe₃O₁₂ multiphase ceramics exhibited superior physical or chemical properties compared to most of the multiphase ceramics as well as the previously prepared single-phase calcium garnet ceramic waste forms. The Vickers hardness of all the multiphase ceramic samples ranged between 685 and 730 HV0.5. Under the condition of using simulate Bei Shan groundwater as leaching agent, the normalized leaching rates of Nd is approximately 10⁻6 g · m⁻² · day⁻¹, showing good chemical stability and achieving efficient and effective immobilization of trivalent actinides. The excellent chemical, as well as physical properties of Zr_1-xNd_xO_2-x/2/Ca_3-yNd_yZr_3-yFe_y-1Fe₃O₁₂ multiphase ceramics are expected to make them one of the substrates for more efficient and effective immobilizing of trivalent actinides.     

Optimization of electromagnetic matching of Ba1-xCaxFe11.4Co0.6O19 (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) ceramics for microwave absorption within 2.6–18 GHz

The Ba_1-xCa_xFe_11.4Co_0.6O₁₉ (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) composites with wide-bandwidth and good absorption performance were prepared. The M_S of ceramics increases from about 62.4 to 83.4 emu g⁻¹ as x rises from 0 to 0.6, which demonstrates that the desirable magnetic properties of such ceramics is obtained by adjusting the content of Ca²⁺. A bandwidth of reflection loss (RL) below - 5 dB can be obtained for frequencies from 5.9 to 18 GHz with the Ba_0.4Ca_0.6Fe_11.4Co_0.6O₁₉ ceramic and a thickness of 2.0 mm, and a larger RL value of −34.1 dB is observed at 8.2 GHz for the Ba_0.6Ca_0.4Fe_11.4Co_0.6O₁₉ ceramic. These results suggest the developed ceramics could act as effective and wide-bandwidth microwave absorbing materials to meet commercial and military applications.     

Synthesis and properties of blue zirconia ceramic based on Ni/Co doped Ba0.956Mg0.912Al10.088O17 blue pigments

Novel blue pigments based on Ba_0.956Mg_0.912Al_10.088-xNi_xO₁₇ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) and Ba_0.956Mg_0.912Al_10.088-xCo_xO₁₇ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) solid solutions were successfully synthesized by solid state method. The XRD results confirmed the structure of the as-synthesized sample belongs to hexagonal β-alumina structure with the space group of P6₃/mmc. The d-d electron transitions in Ni²⁺/Co²⁺ tetrahedral sites in the visible light range are the reason for the blue colors. Then, the as-prepared blue oxides were sintered with ZrO₂ powders at 1400 °C to prepare blue zirconia ceramic materials. Based on XRD and SEM analysis, the pigment phase is stable after high-temperature sintering with ZrO₂, and a clear grain boundary is observed. The XCT results indicate the prepared blue ceramics are dense and very small pores are rarely distributed inside the blue zirconia ceramic body. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the fabricated blue ceramics were maintained compared to pure ZrO₂ ceramic.     

Enhancement in magnetic,piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties on substitution of titanium by iron in barium calcium titanate ceramics

Lead free polycrystalline ceramics with compositional formula Ba_0.90Ca_0.10Ti_1–3x/4Fe_xO₃ (BCT), (x=0.000, 0.005, 0.010, 0.015 and 0.020) were prepared by the solid state reaction method. The effect of substitution of Fe³⁺ ion at Ti-site on the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of BCT ceramics was studied. Remanant polarisation (P_r) and saturation polarisation (P_s) show an increasing trend while the reverse trend was observed for coercive field (E_c) with Fe³⁺ substitution. The values of the piezoelectric charge coefficient (d₃₃) and piezoelectric coupling coefficient (k_p) was found to increase with increase in Fe content. Ceramic sample with x=0.02 was found to have a maximum value of d₃₃ (130 pC/N) and k_p (29%). The prepared ceramic samples show magnetic properties as confirmed by recorded MH loops. On substitution of Fe³⁺ ions, the ferroelectric BCT ceramics show clear transformation of the diamagnetic nature of BCT ceramics to weak ferromagnetism.