水热合成制备纳米铁酸铜及其表征

为获得粒径小且分布均匀的铁酸铜(CuFe2O4)粉体,本文中以硝酸铜、硝酸铁及氢氧化钠为反应原料,采用水热法合成了纳米CuFe2O4粉体,研究了前驱体组分、反应温度、保温时间和表面活性剂聚乙烯醇(PVA)对CuFe2O4粉体制备的影响;用X射线衍射(XRD)、粒度分析仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和红外光谱(IR)等分析方法对样品进行了表征。结果表明,前驱体中NO3-的存在将导致产物中铁酸亚铜CuFeO2的产生;在反应温度为320℃、以PVA作分散剂、保温3h的水热条件下可合成纳米CuFe2O4粉体。     

不同形貌CuO纳米粒子的制备与性能

采用CuSO4.5H2O、Cu(NO3)2、(CH2)6N4和NaOH为原料,采用沉淀法分别制备纤维状CuO纳米粒子和纺锤状CuO纳米粒子,用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对产物的大小﹑形貌和组成进行表征;按质量比为9∶1的比例将黑索金分别与纤维状CuO纳米粒子和纺锤状CuO纳米粒子混合,对样品进行热失重测试分析,根据黑索金热分解温度的变化来衡量催化剂的活性。结果表明,采用沉淀法制备CuO纳米粒子时,反应温度、终点pH值对产物形貌有显著影响;不同形貌的CuO纳米粒子对黑索金的分解催化作用效果不同。     

CuFe2O4/海泡石磁性吸附剂的制备及性能

以硫酸铜、氯化铁为主要原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备CuFe2O4纳米磁性微粒,然后将其与海泡石复合制得CuFe2O4载量不同(质量分数,下同)的磁性海泡石.分别用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的物相、形貌、磁学性能进行了表征.结果表明,合成的CuFe2O4结晶度高,晶粒度约...     

CuFe2O4活化过一硫酸盐降解四环素

采用水热合成法制备出了一种具有较高催化活性的催化剂CuFe2O4,并利用CuFe2O4活化过一硫酸盐(PMS)处理模拟抗生素废水盐酸四环素(TC),考察了操作条件初始pH、CuFe2O4投加量和PMS投加量对TC降解效果的影响。结果表明,初始pH在2~10的范围内,随初始pH的升高TC的降解率先稳定而后逐渐降低;TC的降解速率随着PMS投加量和CuFe2O4投加量的增加而逐渐增加。在CuFe2O4/PMS体系中存在活性物种·OH、SO4·-和1O2。在催化剂循环使用实验中,CuFe2O4展现出了较好的重复利用性能。在CuFe2O4/PMS体系中,TC降解出水对发光菌的抑制率先升高而后逐渐降低,也说明CuFe2O4/PMS体系对降解TC是一种有效的方法。     

CuFe2O4催化剂的制备及其NH3-SCR催化性能研究

通过微波法合成了金属有机骨架材料Cu-MIL-101(Fe),然后以此为前驱体煅烧制备了CuFe2 O4催化剂,并考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、空速、SO2、H2 O等因素对催化剂NH3-SCR催化性能的影响.测试结果表明CuFe2 O4催化剂可以在250～450℃的宽温度区间保持90％以上的脱硝效率,反应前后催化剂无明...     

纳米金属Cu对ADN热分解的影响

为了研究纳米Cu粉催化剂对NH4N(NO2)2(ADN)热分解的影响,采用DSC和TG研究了纳米Cu粉作用下ADN的热分解。结果表明,纳米Cu对ADN热分解起到较好的催化作用,可以将ADN热分解峰温从212.6℃提前至126.3℃,降低了86.3℃;纳米Cu粉使ADN的热分解呈现出2个明显的热分解过程,但仅对其第一步分解过程有明显催化作用,而对ADN分解的中间产物AN的吸热分解没有明显影响。同时对纳米Cu粉催化ADN热分解的机理进行了分析。     

纳米NiFe2O4的制备及其对高氯酸铵的热分解催化性能

采用水热法制备出纯相的NiFe2O4纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对样品进行了表征,并运用热分析法和质谱仪研究了样品对高氯酸铵的热分解催化性能。结果表明,制备的NiFe2O4纳米颗粒粒径约为5.0nm,对高氯酸铵的热分解具有很高的催化活性。当NiFe2O4纳米颗粒的添加量达到10%时,对高氯酸铵的热分解催化性能最好,可使高氯酸铵的高温分解温度降低89.8℃。     

双层包裹分散纳米铁酸镍磁流体的稳定性

本研究对纳米NiFe_2O_4磁流体在不同分散条件下进行稳定性实验,并对实验现象进行分析。研究结果表明,两层包覆的分散剂种类,物质的量的配比,降黏剂物质的量的大小,温度和外加磁场均影响纳米铁酸镍磁流体稳定性。当内层包覆为月桂酸,外层包覆为十二烷基硫酸钠时稳定性最好。NiFe_2O_4∶月桂酸∶十二烷基硫酸钠为1∶1∶2时分散稳定性最好。降黏剂乙二醇物质的量在0.5时最为稳定。有外加磁场下,在一定范围内的磁感应强度会加剧纳米铁酸镍磁流体的沉降,同时温度对磁流体有一定影响。     

无钯催化铜包覆纳米炭纤维新方法的研究

纳米炭纤维表面包覆上金属铜,可获得新型纳米复合功能材料.研究了利用化学方法,以Cu2 为单质铜来源,锌粉为还原剂,不用贵重金属钯做催化剂,直接在硝酸处理后的纳米炭纤维上包覆铜的新方法.初步分析了镀液中加入引发剂T在纤维表面镀铜的机理;探讨了CuSO4·5H2O的用量、锌粉浓度、施镀温度、施镀时间、配位体种类、用量及引发剂等因素对纤维表面铜包覆层质量的影响,得到了优化的工艺条件:CuSO4·5H2O 6.5 g/L,锌粉1.7 g/L,甘油133 mL/L,乙二醇90 mL/L,酒石酸钾钠8.5 g/L,引发剂T 3.5 g/L,于室温下反应1 h.SEM观察发现,纳米炭纤维表面包覆层较为均匀;EDS表征证实,包覆层确实为铜.     

负载型纳米NiO催化高氯酸铵热分解的DSC/TG-MS研究

采用浸渍法制备出纳米NiO/MgO,运用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线能谱仪(EDS)等对产物的物相和组成进行了表征,利用DSC/TGMS研究了纳米NiO/MgO对高氯酸按(AP)热分解的催化作用.结果表明,在纳米NiO/Mgo的催化作用下,AP的热分解高温分解峰温度降低92.2℃,表观分解热增...     

双微乳液法制备掺杂Fe~(3+)的纳米TiO_2及其光催化性能

为了研究双微乳液法在制备纳米级光催化剂的应用,以TiCl4和NH3.H2O为原料,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-正丁醇-环己烷-水微乳体系制备Fe3+掺杂纳米TiO2,对粉末的晶体结构进行X射线衍射表征,并以其对p-甲酚的降解考察其光催化活性。结果表明,在较小的掺杂量时,Fe3+掺杂量的提高可以提高TiO2的光催化活性,进一步提高掺杂量将引起光催化活性的降低;掺杂Fe3+可导致纳米TiO2的粒径减小;Fe3+的半径较小以及Fe2O3的熔点较低均有利于TiO2从锐钛矿向金红石的相变;当Fe3+掺杂摩尔分数为0.06%,煅烧温度为550℃时,纳米TiO2的光催化活性最高,此时形成TiO2的锐钛矿和金红石相的混晶;乳液中含水量也会影响晶相的组成和粒径大小,随着含水量增加产物中出现了一定比例的金红石相。     

Preparation and Characterization of Some Ferrites from CuO-ZnO-Fe_2O_3 Mixtures

The ferrites of Cuo-ZnO-Fe2o3 solid solution series near the molar ratio of ZnxCu1-x were prepared by direct heating of their coprecipitated hydroxides using NH4OH as precipitating agent where x=0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0. Additional amounts of Cu and Zn sulphates were added to compensate the loss during the coprecipitation of the hydroxides. The ferritized samples were characterized by chemical analysis, XRD. DTA, TGA and SEM. XRD of both Zn0.2Cu0.8Fe2O4 and Zn0.5Cu0.5 Fe2O4 that indicates the formation of a heterogeneous ferrite material of ZnFe2O4 and CuFe2O4 mixed with variable amounts of α-Fe2O3. Zn and Cu ferrites were observed only in Zn0.8Cu0.2Fe2O4.From TGA-time relation, the activation energy of the different transformation phases were calculated. It is found that, the activation energy of ZnFe2O4 is slightly equal to 3/2 of that for CuFe2O4. Dielectric measurements show that the electrical behaviour depends on the ordering and disordering of the phases.     

Studies on nanosized iron based modified catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis application

To improve catalytic performance iron based catalyst, the effects of some metal promoters, especially potassium, copper and other transition metal oxides as well as different supports have been reported. A series of Fe/K/Cu catalysts promoted with magnesium and ceria by precipitation method, followed by impregnation method; keeping Cu and K content same. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 physisorption, TPR and TEM techniques. From XRD, the presence of hematite (Fe2O3) phase was detected in all precipitated iron catalysts and CFe2.5 phase in all used catalysts. TPR results showed that addition of Mg facilitated the reduction of Fe2O3 and decrease in reduction temperature. The catalytic performance was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor at 250 degrees C, 2 MPa pressure and H2/CO molar ratio of 2. Concentration of Mg was found to affect the CO conversion and product distribution. It was found that precipitated iron catalyst Fe/Mg/Cu/K with Mg/Fe ratio of 0.1 showed highest conversion (60.6%) and C5(+) selectivity (92.4%) among all catalysts tested.     

Cu/Fe双金属负载PAN非织造布催化降解甲醛气体研究

采用偕胺肟改性聚丙烯腈(PAN)非织造布作为载体材料,将其与Cu~(2+)和Fe~(3+)的混合溶液进行反应制备双金属负载PAN非织造布催化剂。采用XPS和UV-Vis对催化剂的分子结构进行了表征,然后考察了其在甲醛气体氧化降解反应中的催化作用。结果表明,Cu~(2+)和Fe~(3+)均是通过与偕胺肟基团中的羟基和氨基的配位作用负载于PAN非织造布上,而且两种金属离子可能通过配体发生了相互作用。此外,与Fe~(3+)的单金属催化剂相比,适量掺杂Cu~(2+)能够有效提高催化体系在甲醛降解反应中的催化活性,尤其有利于其在暗反应时催化降解甲醛气体,这主要归因于Cu~(2+)/Cu~+价态转化促进了强氧化性中间体Fe(Ⅳ)=O的生成。     

Copper-iron bimetal modified PAN fiber complexes as novel heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for degradation of organic dye under visible light irradiation

A series of Cu-Fe bimetal amidoximated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber complexes with different molar ratios of Cu(2+) to Fe(3+) ions was prepared using a simple exhaustion method, and characterized using FTIR, DRS and XPS, respectively. Then they were tested as the heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for Rhodamine B degradation with H(2)O(2) in the dark and under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that Cu-Fe bimetal amidoximated PAN fiber complexes could more effectively catalyze the dye degradation in water than Fe amidoximated PAN fiber complex, especially in the dark. And introduction of Cu(2+) ions significantly increased their catalytic performance. 0.56 was the optimum molar ratio of Cu(2+) to Fe(3+) ions to achieve the best catalytic activity and stability. This was mainly due to the synergetic effect in the bimetal complexes. Visible light irradiation improved the catalytic activity of the complexes, especially with a low molar ratio of Cu(2+) to Fe(3+) ions.     

In situ incorporation of well-dispersed Cu–Fe oxides in the mesochannels of AMS and their utilization as catalysts towards the Fenton-like degradation of methylene blue

Multi-components active metal oxide-supported catalysts are highly promising in heterogeneous catalysis due to some special promoting effects. In this study, by the controllable amount of Cu, Cu–Fe decorated anionic surfactant-templated mesoporous silica (Cu _x Fe/AMS) was directly prepared. The obtained catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption–desorption, inductively coupling plasma emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV–visible, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The results revealed that bimetallic Cu–Fe oxides were directly formed and highly dispersed in the mesochannels during the calcinations and the introduction of Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺ on the micelles has influence on the structure properties. As compared to the monometallic Fe-modified AMS, the presence of Cu promotes the effects between Fe species and silica wall, leading to the better dispersion of Fe in the mesochannels of AMS. Finally, a series of Cu–Fe-modified AMS were used as Fenton-like catalysts and exhibited good catalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue (MB), which resulted from high dispersion of Fe species and synergetic effect between Cu and Fe active sites. 1.0 was the optimum molar ratio of Cu²⁺ to Fe²⁺ ions to achieve the best catalytic activity and stability.     

Cu/Fe hydrotalcite derived mixed oxides as new catalyst for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Cu/Fe mixed oxides (Cu/Fe-MOs) were prepared by calcination of Cu/Fe hydrotalcite (Cu/Fe-HT) precursors. They were used as new catalyst for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and their catalytic activity was studied by thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis. With the addition of 4 wt.% Cu/Fe-MOs, thermal decomposition of AP was accelerated by 104 °C. Higher catalyst addition favors further decomposition of AP. The catalytic activity order is: Cu/Fe-MOs-500 > Cu/Fe-MOs-800 > CuO·Fe₂O₃. The proposed catalytic mechanism is the presence of O₂⁻ on the surface of Cu/Fe-MOs which can simplify thermal decomposition of AP.     

Effect of Sequence of Impregnation on the Structure and Catalytic Properties of Cu-Co-Al-Oxide System

Twelve samples of Co-Cu/AI2O3 were prepared by impregnating AI2O3 with cobalt salt followed by copper salt or vice versa. The composition of the prepared samples varied in the molar ratios 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 with respect to CuO.CoO or CoO:CuO, while Al2O3 content was kept at about 13-15 mol. The prepared solids were calcined at different temperatures and the products were characterized by means of XRD-analysis. The catalytic activity of the calcined solids was tested in H2O2 decomposition. The XRD-analysis revealed that the sequence of impregnation affects much the structure of the samples. The loading of alumina with cobalt followed by copper salts produced sample with structure differs from that for sample firstly treated with copper followed by cobalt salts. XRD- analysis showed the formation of crystalline spinel Co1-x Cux AI2O4 with nearly the same crystal structure as CoAI2O4 even with high copper content. The examination of catalytic activity of these samples showed that catalysts with Co-loaded ov     

AZ91镁合金表面MgFe_2O_4薄膜的溶胶-凝胶法制备及其耐蚀性能

MgFe2O4耐酸耐碱,但目前还未见将其制成镁合金防腐蚀涂层的报道。采用溶胶-凝胶法在AZ91镁合金表面制备了MgFe2O4薄膜,利用正交试验研究了镀膜层数、溶胶中Mg2+与Fe3+的摩尔比、烧结温度、烧结时间对AZ91镁合金膜试样自腐蚀电流密度的影响,得出最优方案,并研究了优化条件制备的膜试样的组织结构及耐蚀性。结果表明:各因素对AZ91镁合金膜试样自腐蚀电流密度的影响程度由大到小依次是镀膜层数、烧结温度、nMg2+/nFe3+、烧结时间;最优条件是镀膜1层,nMg2+/nFe3+=0.35,烧结温度400℃,烧结时间5 h;与AZ91镁合金基体相比,优化条件制备的MgFe2O4薄膜的自腐蚀电流密度降低了1个数量级,自腐蚀电位正移了690 mV,耐腐蚀性能得到很大提高。