基于USB声卡的便携式AEP检测系统的设计

听觉诱发电位(AEP)是研究听力疾病的重要手段,可用于客观评价听觉通路完整性。针对AEP检测的要求,设计一种基于USB声卡的便携式听觉诱发电位检测系统。利用计算机作为主要工作平台,控制USB声卡同步完成声音刺激发放和AEP数据采集,配合Visual C#平台所编写的上位机程序完成AEP数据的处理分析、结果显示及数据管理。听性脑干反应(ABR)是AEP成分中幅度最弱而采集带宽要求最高的,因此ABR是AEP成分中最难检测的。通过本系统完成一个ABR检测,并与目前市场上顶级AEP电位仪的检测结果进行对比,结果证明了本系统性能的可靠性及稳定性。     

一种新型多功能诱发电位刺激器的研制

设计了一种基于FPGA的用于诱发电位系统的刺激器,利用FPGA实现诱发电位所需的光刺激、声刺激和电流刺激。可用于视觉诱发电位、听觉诱发电位及体感诱发电位等多种自发和诱发电位等生理检查中。与传统的诱发电生理刺激系统相比,该设计简化了电路、功能多、体积小、刺激输出准确可靠,应用范围广,能很好地满足诱发电位检测的性能要求。     

脑干听觉诱发电位的子波变换提取技术

概要地论述了诱发电位的主要特点及检测技术，以脑干听觉诱发电位为例，根据其时，频特性，把子波变换技术应用到ＢＡＥＰ的提取中，提出了ＢＡＥＰ的子波变换技术应用到ＢＡＥＰ的提取中，提出了ＢＡＥＰ的子波变换去噪算法；根据ＢＡＥＰ的信噪比较低的实际情况，提出了结合平均技术的改进算法，通过与传统的平均法比较，该方法可以大大减少检测时间和获得较高的信噪比及满意的波形。     

一个多媒体教学软件NHP之设计与实现

本文叙述了一种面向微型计算机的多媒体教学软件的设计与实现，该软件集语音，图形，文字，数据为一体，从视觉，听觉，体觉三方面对学习者进行强化训练，可取得较好的学习效果。     

脑电有源拉普拉斯电极设计

从信噪比、电极参数选择等角度，研究拉普拉斯电极在脑电应用中的可行性，并且设计了一种用于视觉诱发电位检测的有源拉普拉斯电极。文中利用脉冲信号刺激试验动物视网膜，参考电极放置在一侧耳后乳突处，有源电极固定在枕骨粗隆处，可以检测到视觉电诱发电位，效果良好。     

微机和数字三用表组成的自动测量装置

AutomaticallyMeteringEquipmentConsistingofMicrocomputerandDigitalTriple－PurposeMeterLiuShibinJiangXifeng微型计算机配以相应的AID板组成测量、控制系统应用很普遍。在精度高、稳定性好的AjD板之前设计一套预处理电路，不仅工作量大，而且很难保证测试精度和设备的可靠性，特别是在非大批量定型生产中，很难提高性能价格比。为此，可以用目前市场上通用的数字三用表替代AjD板，以实现微机自动测量。这种设计方案简单可靠、研究周期短。成本低，其测量精度完全取决于数字三用表的测量精度。其原理框图如图1所示。它由转换电…     

微型计算机与传感器技术讲座(一)

本讲座以工业用传感器-接口-智能化仪器一微型计算机测量(或控制)系统为主线进行讲述,较详细地讨论了它们之间的关系,相互作用,以及设计原理。该讲座共分14讲。第一～六讲,主要讲述工业测量中常用的被测参数——温度、压力、流量、位移、荷重、速度、成分、物位等测量方法及微型计算机在这些领域中的应用。第七～十三讲,主要讲述参数的检测与放大,微型计算机与传感器的接口技术、数据处理方法、数据显示技术、以及常用的标准总线;第十四讲,主要为微型计算机化设计原理,并通过实例讲述智能化仪器的设计方法。本讲座是1989年2月开播的中央电视台同名电视讲座的讲稿,由于版面有限,对原讲座进行了大量压缩,因而具有文字精练、内容浓缩等特点。本讲座既不同于一般的检测技术,也不同于微型计算机接口技术,它是企图将二者结合起来的综合性技术讲座。学完本讲座后,使从事计算机工作的工程技术人员了解各种参数的测量技术,而从事仪表测量工作的同志又可学到有关微型计算机接口及数据处理方面的知识,从而使各方人士相得益彰。     

单次单道电刺激脑电模式识别方法研究

研究了一种人体在感受电流刺激条件下的脑电模式识别算法。该方法对于单次电流刺激,根据对单通道脑电信号的分析处理,即可对受试者是否感觉到该刺激做出判断。与传统诱发电位提取所用的平均叠加滤波法相比,避免了人体对重复刺激的疲劳效应。实验结果表明,该方法可用于人体电流感觉阈值的测量,由于不需要受试者做出任何主观反应,与以往技术相比,在保持无创检测的同时,测量过程更为客观,具有良好的临床应用前景。     

基于LabVIEW8.6的材料输运性测量系统设计

针对连续变温条件下,材料的电输运特性难以准确测量和实时分析问题,设计一种基于LabVIEW8.6的材料电输运特性实时测量和分析系统。该系统首先选择高精度的电流电压表作为主要测量部件,以高精度的温控仪和压缩机作为改变材料环境温度的控制部件,再利用Labview 8.6编程灵活、界面直观的特点,设计能实时采集和处理数据的高精度材料电输运性能测量软件系统,直观显示出材料在不同环境下的电输运特性图,并实时保存测量数据。通过对两种材料的特性测试,表明了本系统具有快速的数据采集和处理能力,具有高精度的测量能力,避免人工测量方法无法实时处理和分析数据的缺点,为材料电输运特性测量提供了一种新的方案,同时为设计高性能的电子器件提供了参考。     

石英晶体电参数测量虚拟仪器系统

本文阐述了石英晶片电参数测量原理，提出一种基于直接数字频率合成器(DDS)的激励信号源构成方法，研制了石英晶片电参数智能采集卡。应用VC6．0多线程、动态贴图、实时数据库等技术设计了虚拟仪器显示面板和功能软件，通过石英晶片频率特性分析，获得其谐振频率．相对活力，杂波数等多种电参数，构成了石英晶体电参数测量虚拟仪器系统。     

大脑听觉系统建模研究进展

如今,信息通信技术和生物学的融合发展到了一定阶段,欧盟人脑计划、美国脑计划以及日本脑计划等都在开展相关的脑科学研究,中国也已经开展了中国脑计划。欧盟和美国的两个计划分别投资10亿欧元和45亿美元,都是采用计算机来模拟绘制详细的人脑模型,对人类大脑进行模拟是重要内容。以国内外关于大脑听觉系统研究的论文为对象,通过对大脑听觉系统进行分析,概括出近年来大脑听觉系统的研究热点和动态,并且分析了今后该方向的研究趋势,为我国在该领域的理论研究提供依据和方法。     

Interruption management: A comparison of auditory and tactile cues for both alerting and orienting

Tactile and auditory cues have been suggested as methods of interruption management for busy visual environments. The current experiment examined attentional mechanisms by which cues might improve performance. The findings indicate that when interruptive tasks are presented in a spatially diverse task environment, the orienting function of tactile cues is a critical component, which directs attention to the location of the interruption, resulting in superior interruptive task performance. Non-directional tactile cues did not degrade primary task performance, but also did not improve performance on the secondary task. Similar results were found for auditory cues. The results support Posner and Peterson's [1990. The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience 13, 25–42] theory of independent functional networks of attention, and have practical applications for systems design in work environments that consist of multiple, visual tasks and time-sensitive information.     

Interactive spatial sonification for non-visual exploration of virtual maps

This paper presents a multimodal interactive system for non-visual (auditory-haptic) exploration of virtual maps. The system is able to display haptically the height profile of a map, through a tactile mouse. Moreover, spatial auditory information is provided in the form of virtual anchor sounds located in specific points of the map, and delivered through headphones using customized Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). The validity of the proposed approach is investigated through two experiments on non-visual exploration of virtual maps. The first experiment has a preliminary nature and is aimed at assessing the effectiveness and the complementarity of auditory and haptic information in a goal reaching task. The second experiment investigates the potential of the system in providing subjects with spatial knowledge: specifically in helping with the construction of a cognitive map depicting simple geometrical objects. Results from both experiments show that the proposed concept, design, and implementation allow to effectively exploit the complementary natures of the “proximal” haptic modality and the “distal” auditory modality. Implications for orientation & mobility (O&M) protocols for visually impaired subjects are discussed.     

Closed-loop control of depth of anaesthesia: A simulation study using auditory evoked responses

Using wavelet transforms, a system that assesses depth of anaesthesia is proposed using auditory evoked potential measurements. The recorded auditory evoked potential signal is analysed by extracting its features which are fed to a fuzzy logic rule-base, which in turn decides on the depth of the anaesthetic state. The fuzzy logic rule-base is based on the pharmacological knowledge provided by the anaesthetist.     

Use of auditory icons as emergency warnings: evaluation within a vehicle collision avoidance application

In the context of emergency warnings, auditory icons, which convey information about system events by analogy with everyday events, have the potential to be understood more quickly and easily than abstract sounds. To test this proposal, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of auditory icons for an invehicle collision avoidance application. Two icons, the sounds of a car horn and of skidding tyres, were compared with two conventional warnings, a simple tone and a voice saying ‘ahead’. Participants sat in an experimental vehicle with a road scene projected ahead, and they were required to brake in response to on-screen collision situations and their accompanying warning sounds. The auditory icons produced significantly faster reaction times than the conventional warnings, but suffered from more inappropriate responses, where drivers reacted with a brake press to a non-collision situation. The findings are explained relative to the perceived urgency and inherent meaning of each sound. It is argued that optimal warnings could be achieved by adjusting certain sound attributes of auditory icons, as part of a structured, user-centred design and evaluation procedure.     

A neural decoding approach to auditory temporal assimilation

By constructing Gaussian Naïve Bayes Classifiers, we have re-analyzed data from an earlier event-related potential (ERP) study of an illusion in time perception known as auditory temporal assimilation. In auditory temporal assimilation, two neighboring physically unequal time intervals marked by three successive tone bursts are illusorily perceived as equal if the two time intervals satisfy a certain relationship. The classifiers could discriminate whether or not the subject was engaged in the task, which was judgment of the subjective equality between the two intervals, at an accuracy of >79%, and from principal component scores of individual average ERP waveforms, we were able to predict their subjective judgments to each stimulus at an accuracy of >70%. Chernoff information, unlike accuracy or Kullback–Leibler (KL) distance, suggested brain activation associated with auditory temporal assimilation at an early pre-decision stage. This may provide us with a simple and useful neural decoding scheme in analyzing information processing of temporal patterns in the brain.     

Designing for attention with sound: challenges and extensions to ecological interface design

OBJECTIVE: We explore whether ecological interface design (EID) principles can be applied to the design of an auditory display for anesthesia monitoring. BACKGROUND: EID examples focus almost exclusively on visual displays. In the anesthesia work environment, however, auditory displays may provide better individual and team awareness of patient state. METHOD: Using a work domain analysis of physiological monitoring in anesthesia, we identify information to display. Using the skills, rules, and knowledge distinction we identify cognitive control needed. Using semantic mapping we map physiological variables and constraints to auditory dimensions. RESULTS: EID principles do not address when information should be displayed and to whom. An attentional mapping stage helps to specify answers to these questions so that a workable auditory display for anesthesia monitoring is achieved. CONCLUSION: EID principles of representing work domain functional structure and minimizing resource-demanding cognitive control are necessary but insufficient to specify requirements for an effective auditory display. Also needed are analyses of control tasks, strategies, and the social organization of work. Such analyses are an integral part of the broader cognitive work analysis framework from which EID emerged. APPLICATION: Actual or potential uses of this research include the design of displays that support continuous peripheral awareness in collaborative multimodal work environments.     

Auditory navigation in hyperspace: design and evaluation of a non-visual hypermedia system for blind users

This paper presents the design and evaluation of a hypermedia system for blind users, making use of a nonvisual interface, non-speech sounds, three input devices, and a 37 node hypermedia module. The important components of an effective auditory interface are discussed, together with the design of the auditory interface to hypermedia material. The evaluation, which was conducted over several weeks and used a range of complementary objective and subjective measures to assess users' performance and preferences, is described. The findings from the evaluation with nine visually impaired student participants are presented. The results from this research can be applied to the design and evaluation of other non-visual hypermedia systems, such as auditory World Wide Web (WWW) browsers and digital talking books.     

Use of auditory icons as emergency warnings: evaluation within a vehicle collision avoidance application.

In the context of emergency warnings, auditory icons, which convey information about system events by analogy with everyday events, have the potential to be understood more quickly and easily than abstract sounds. To test this proposal, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of auditory icons for an in-vehicle collision avoidance application. Two icons, the sounds of a car horn and of skidding tyres, were compared with two conventional warnings, a simple tone and a voice saying 'ahead'. Participants sat in an experimental vehicle with a road scene projected ahead, and they were required to brake in response to on-screen collision situations and their accompanying warning sounds. The auditory icons produced significantly faster reaction times than the conventional warnings, but suffered from more inappropriate responses, where drivers reacted with a brake press to a non-collision situation. The findings are explained relative to the perceived urgency and inherent meaning of each sound. It is argued that optimal warnings could be achieved by adjusting certain sound attributes of auditory icons, as part of a structured, user-centred design and evaluation procedure.