共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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高分子固态离子导体及其应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
高分子固态离子导体是功能材料中的一个新品种,并且已经由于它提出的许多有意义的科学问题以及它在全固态电池和许多其它电化学装置中的潜在应用而受到了普遍的关注。本文概述了它的开发以及研究现状,着重论述了它作为一类新的功能材料的结构、特性、应用和材料设计,并提出了作者的一些看法。 相似文献
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球形氢氧化镁的制备及其晶体生长动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
制备花状球形氢氧化镁粉体,研究了几种关键因素对镁回收率的影响和氢氧化镁的晶体生长动力学.结果表明,随着反应溶液中Mg~(2 )初始浓度和pH值的提高,镁的回收率提高;提高反应温度使镁的回收率提高,但当温度超过60℃后,反应溶液中氨的大量挥发使其pH值迅速降低,因而镁回收率下降;陈化可以提高镁的回收率,当陈化时间超过60 min后因镁已完全沉淀,回收率不再提高.在最佳工艺条件下用氨法制备的氢氧化镁颗粒为花状球形,形状规则,分散性好,粒度均匀,粒径约2μm,单片厚度约30 nm.晶体生长动力学研究表明,析出Mg(OH)_2晶体的质量和Mg(OH)_2晶粒平均粒径随着时间呈指数增长. 相似文献
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光学浮区法是近些年来倍受关注的晶体生长的新方法,具有无需坩埚、无污染、生长速度快等优点,十分适合于晶体生长研究。介绍了光学浮区法晶体生长炉的构造以及技术原理,并阐述了该生长法在晶体生长领域的应用情况。 相似文献
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为给混凝土中氯离子含量的原位动态监测提供技术支持,以恒电流极化法制备的Ag/AgCl固态电极为工作电极,以物理粉压法制备的MnO2固态电极为参比电极,组成氯离子传感器,测试了氯离子传感器在饱和Ca(OH)2溶液和砂浆中的性能。结果表明:氯离子传感器在饱和Ca(OH)2溶液中响应时间不大于30 s,灵敏度高,稳定性和重现性良好,Ag/AgCl电极抗极化性能良好,传感器电位与氯离子浓度的对数呈线性关系,符合能斯特方程。氯离子传感器在水泥基材料中表现出良好的稳定性。基于水泥砂浆中的氯离子含量实测值,建立了氯离子传感器在砂浆试件中的能斯特方程。然而,氯离子传感器电位值可能会受温度、pH值以及混凝土饱和度的影响,需要进一步开展研究,建立温度、pH值和混凝土饱和度修正方程,提高氯离子传感器在实际应用中的测量精度。 相似文献
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二氧化钛纳米棒的制备及其晶体生长机理分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用溶剂热法合成具有高结晶性与单分散性的TiO2纳米棒. 采用TEM、XRD、HRTEM等对样品的微观结构进行表征, 并考察了TiO2纳米棒对亚甲基蓝的光催化性能. 通过控制反应时间、反应温度, 研究纳米棒的形貌演变规律.结果表明, 可以通过“奥斯特瓦尔德熟化”和“取向接触”两种晶体生长过程制备出棒状TiO2纳米晶, 降低纳米晶的表面能是晶体生长与形貌演变的主要驱动力; 高结晶性的TiO2纳米棒具有高于P25的光催化能力. 相似文献
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激光快速成形技术的发展及其在功能梯度材料制备上的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
激光快速成形技术集计算机辅助设计、高功率激光熔覆、快速成形于一体,通过激光熔化同步输送的金属或陶瓷粉末,在基板上逐层熔化堆积而形成致密的材料或零件.其离散/堆积的成形特点使得该技术在材料及零件制备上具有很大的柔性,通过精确控制2种或多种材料粉末的输送和相应的工艺可以实现材料组成、微观组织结构和性能的梯度分布及多种材料的集成.介绍了激光快速成形的原理、技术特点、系统组成,着重介绍了国内外采用该技术在制备功能梯度材料方面的研究开发情况,简要分析了利用激光快速成形技术制备功能梯度材料的发展前景. 相似文献
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Glasses are often described as supercooled liquids, whose structures are topologically disordered like a liquid, but nevertheless retain short‐range structural order. Structural complexity is often associated with complicated electron‐charge distributions in glassy systems, making a detailed investigation challenging even for short‐range structural order, let alone their atomic dynamics. This is particularly problematic for lone‐pair‐rich, semiconducting materials, such as phase‐change materials (PCMs). Here, this study shows that analytical methods for studying bonding, based on the electron‐charge density, rather than a conventional atomic pair‐correlation‐function approach, allows an in‐depth investigation into the chemical‐bonding network, as well as lone pairs, of the prototypical PCM, Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). It is demonstrated that the structurally flexible building units of the amorphous GST network, intimately linked to the presence of distinctly coexisting weak covalent and lone‐pair interactions, give rise to cooperative structural‐ordering processes, by which ultrafast crystal growth becomes possible. This finding may universally apply to other PCMs. 相似文献
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Xiaopeng Duan Xiang Li Licheng Tan Zengqi Huang Jia Yang Gengling Liu Zhuojia Lin Yiwang Chen 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(26):2000617
Sequential deposition is certified as an effective technology to obtain high-performance perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), which can be derivatized into large-scale industrial production. However, dense lead iodide (PbI2) causes incomplete reaction and unsatisfactory solution utilization of perovskite in planar PVSCs without mesoporous titanium dioxide as a support. Here, a novel autonomously longitudinal scaffold constructed by the interspersion of in situ self-polymerized methyl methacrylate (sMMA) in PbI2 is introduced to fabricate efficient PVSCs with excellent flexural endurance and environmental adaptability. By this strategy perovskite solution can be confined within an organic scaffold with vertical crystal growth promoted, effectively inhibiting exciton accumulation and recombination at grain boundaries. Additionally, sMMA cross-linked perovskite network can release mechanical stress and occupy the main channels for ion migration and water/oxygen permeation to significantly improve operational stability, which opens up a new strategy for the commercial development of large-area PVSCs in flexible electronics. 相似文献
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Ying Sun Taige Dong Linwei Yu Jun Xu Kunji Chen 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(27):1903945
Silicon and other inorganic semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been extensively investigated in the last two decades for constructing high-performance nanoelectronics, sensors, and optoelectronics. For many of these applications, these tiny building blocks have to be integrated into the existing planar electronic platform, where precise location, orientation, and layout controls are indispensable. In the advent of More-than-Moore's era, there are also emerging demands for a programmable growth engineering of the geometry, composition, and line-shape of NWs on planar or out-of-plane 3D sidewall surfaces. Here, the critical technologies established for synthesis, transferring, and assembly of NWs upon planar surface are examined; then, the recent progress of in-plane growth of horizontal NWs directly upon crystalline or patterned substrates, constrained by using nanochannels, an epitaxial interface, or amorphous thin film precursors is discussed. Finally, the unique capabilities of planar growth of NWs in achieving precise guided growth control, programmable geometry, composition, and line-shape engineering are reviewed, followed by their latest device applications in building high-performance field-effect transistors, photodetectors, stretchable electronics, and 3D stacked-channel integration. 相似文献