丁腈胶乳工业手套开发探索

1996年,北京乳胶厂销售部门从国外客户得到一副丁腈工业手套样本,该种手套当时在国外上市仅有两三年时间,卖点非常好,外销市场主要是美国、欧洲、日本,出厂价格可卖到7.2美元/打,约合人民币4.98元/副。而该厂当时仅有天然胶乳家用手套品种,产品比较单一,不利于企业长远发展,为此开展了丁腈胶乳工业手套的开发与探索。一、丁腈胶乳的类别与特性开发产品只有与市场紧密结合,才有生命力。当时市场上销售的有三类丁腈手套:检查手套、工业手套、带衬里工业手套。该厂选择了前两种进行研究。到目前为止,国内已有许多企业生产和销售丁腈检查手套、…     

碳系导电材料用量对防静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套性能的影响

采用碳系导电材料[单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT）和超导电炭黑]与羧基丁腈胶乳配合以制备防静电羧基丁腈胶乳 手套，并研究碳系导电材料用量对防静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套胶膜性能的影响。结果表明：随着SWCNT用量的增大，防 静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套胶膜的体积电阻和表面电阻呈减小趋势，拉伸强度先增大后减小，耐浓硫酸穿透时间为32～35 min；当SWCNT用量为0. 1份时防静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套胶膜的体积电阻和表面电阻分别减小至60 MΩ·cm和94 MΩ， 拉伸强度最大（26. 9 MPa）；随着超导电炭黑用量的增大，防静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套的体积电阻和表面电阻呈减小趋 势，拉伸强度减小，拉断伸长率增大，耐浓硫酸穿透时间缩短；当超导电炭黑用量为4份时防静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套胶膜 的体积电阻和表面电阻分别减小至54 MΩ·cm和89 MΩ，当超导电炭黑用量为10份时胶膜的耐浓硫酸穿透时间缩短 至15 min；防静电羧基丁腈胶乳手套的性能随时间的延长而降低。     

天然胶乳手套与合成胶乳手套的发展

介绍天然胶乳手套的起源和发展以及天然胶乳检查手套、外科手套、织物浸渍防护手套、家用手套、工业手套的用途、规格、特点和表面形式,指出因天然胶乳手套存在安全性能和使用性能的不足,促进了合成胶乳手套和人造胶乳手套的发展。丁腈胶乳检查手套因技术进步和成本降低成为天然胶乳检查手套的主要竞争者;低蛋白无粉天然胶乳外科手套、氯丁胶乳外科手套和聚异戊二烯胶乳外科手套成为对天然胶乳过敏症医护人员的选择;在非医疗领域,合成胶乳手套和人造胶乳手套适用于特殊领域的防护需求。     

道瑞固提高用于手套生产的丁腈胶乳价格

道瑞固特种胶乳公司（Dow Reichhold Specialty Latex）提高了在北美销售的除用于手套生产的产品之外所有特种胶乳产品的价格,每磅液体胶乳的价格提高0．05美元。此次提价从2008年3月1日起开始实施。另外,道瑞固公司还调整了用于手套生产的丁腈胶乳价格。该公司从2008年4月1日起在全球范围内提高了用于手套生产的丁腈胶乳价格。丁腈胶乳的全球价格将提高0．06美元／lb（以乳胶干胶为基准）。道瑞固公司已确定了在2008年继续逐步提高原材料、能源和后勤成本费用的方针。通过提高手套生产用聚合物价格,以达到维持再投资的安全系数的目的。     

锦湖石化合成橡胶产能将达到55万t

<正>据美国《橡胶世界》报道,韩国锦湖石化公司将在2019年上半年完成丁腈胶乳生产线的扩建,使丁腈胶乳产能达到15万t。届时锦湖石化的合成橡胶年产能将达到55万t,有利于巩固其在全球合成橡胶市场的地位。丁腈胶乳广泛应用于制造医用手套。公司不断扩大丁腈胶乳产能并改良乳胶制品的性能。为     

丁腈胶乳640应用于生产薄型一次性手套

用羧基丁腈胶乳进行了薄型手套的试制实验,对胶乳的成膜性能、干燥条件、氧化锌的用量进行了研究,结果表明,通过添加成膜助剂,控制干燥温度,确定氧化锌用量及应用补强剂,能够克服羧基丁腈胶乳湿凝胶强度低、收缩大、成膜性差的缺点,制作出外观漂亮、性能优良的手套。     

2004年我国胶乳用原材料及胶乳制品进出口情况

产品名称进口出口数量金额/万美元数量金额/万美元天然胶乳/万t18938.7317450.196.585.10丁腈胶乳/万t2978.172804.114.291.83安全套/万t53.53679.00340.001778.46胶乳手套/万双704649.951894.44246293.0018042.12外科胶乳手套11989.69671.5988868.356058.49其它胶乳手套692660.261222.85157424.6511983.63合计22827.7419827.512004年我国胶乳用原材料及胶乳制品进出口情况@欣然~~…     

一次性天然胶乳手套的过敏性问题及解决措施

介绍一次性天然胶乳手套引起人体过敏的原因及解决措施。天然胶乳手套的过敏源是残留的可溶性蛋白质和化学药品(加工时加入)。解决措施有：采用酶分解蛋白质和离心洗涤法降低天然胶乳蛋白质含量；通过改进沥滤工艺、增加热水洗涤次数、使蛋白质变性来降低成型手套的可溶性蛋白质含量；用聚氨酯胶乳、丁腈胶乳、氯丁胶乳、PVC和PP等合成高分子材料手套作替代品，其中合成胶乳手套最有前途。     

可替代天然胶乳的丁腈胶乳

印度《印度橡胶杂志》2006年98期48页报道： 天然胶乳是许多年来手套行业应用最广泛的胶乳，在未来一些年内，它仍将在这一行业起主导作用。现在形势已经有一些微妙的变化，丁腈胶乳的应用在不断扩大。经济性在此起着重要的作用。过去14个月内，天然胶乳的价格上涨了85％。与之相比，丁腈胶乳的价格比较稳定，导致越来越多的手套厂转向使用丁腈胶乳。     

锦湖石化计划新建丁腈胶乳生产装置

正为了应对全球手套和医疗行业快速增长的需求,锦湖石化公司(简称锦湖石化)计划投资2.25亿美元在韩国蔚山(Ulsan)的石化综合体新建年产23.6万t丁腈胶乳生产装置。新生产装置将于2023年年底完工。锦湖石化预计到2021年年底其丁腈胶乳年生产能力将达到71万t。新生产装置的建设将使公司的丁腈胶乳产量到2023年年底接近100万t。如果后期市场需求继续增大,韩国蔚山新生产装置仍具有进一步扩建的空间,丁腈胶乳最大年产能可达到47万t。     

Reinforcement of natural rubber latex film by ultrafine calcium carbonate

Using ultrafine calcium carbonate to reinforce natural rubber latex film, the effect of its content on latex properties such as surface tension, viscosity, mechanical stability, and heat stability and the physical properties of latex film before and after aging such as tear strength, modulus, and tensile strength were investigated. The results showed that the surface tension of natural rubber latex reinforced by ultrafine calcium carbonate only changed slightly; when the content of calcium carbonate was less than 20%, the change of viscosity was not obvious, but when the content was greater than 20%, the viscosity significantly lowered. Ultrafine calcium carbonate could effectively improve the tear strength, tensile strength, and modulus of the natural rubber latex film. The modulus increased with the increment of the calcium carbonate. When the content of calcium carbonate was less than 15%, the tear strength and tensile strength increased with the increments of calcium carbonate, but when the content was greater than 15%, the above‐mentioned properties decreased with the increment of calcium carbonate. By comprehensive consideration, the best reinforcing effect was obtained at a content of 15% ultrafine calcium carbonate. The particle diameters of calcium carbonate and their distribution in the calcium carbonate emulsion and in the rubber film were analyzed with SEM and a laser particle size tester, which showed that the distribution of calcium carbonate in the latex film was even and that it could effectively reinforce natural rubber latex film. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 982–985, 2003     

无氨保存胶清及胶清胶性能的研究

采用水溶性、不挥发性的广谱抗菌剂——三嗪衍生物(HY)作为鲜胶乳的新型无氨保存剂,研究了HY对胶清凝固总用酸量、胶清胶及胶清胶硫化胶片性能的影响。结果表明,HY保存胶清凝固总用酸量大大减少,除氮含量略微超标外,胶清胶的各项指标均达到1级胶清胶的标准,胶清胶的塑性保持率(PRI)明显提高。HY胶清胶硫化胶片的拉伸强度和耐热氧老化能力均优于氨胶清胶硫化胶片。热解重量分析(TGA)结果表明,HY和氨胶清胶硫化胶片热氧降解均为2步反应,耐热氧降解能力基本相同。     

不同填料对丁苯胶乳硫化特性和力学性能的影响

通过不同种类填料按一定配方与丁苯胶乳配合,考察配合胶乳胶膜的硫化特性、硫化胶膜的物理机械性能.结果表明:填料滑石粉用量越多,胶膜的物理机械性能越差,硫化速度加快;CaCO3作为填料加到丁苯胶乳中时,硫化速度最快,胶膜的物理机械性能最好.     

偶联剂对有机硅改性天然胶乳性能的影响

采用接枝共聚改性的方法制备有机硅改性天然胶乳，考察偶联剂、有机硅单体对有机硅改性天然胶乳的胶体性能、胶膜物理机械性能的影响。结果表明，用有机硅VD4比用有机硅D4改性胶乳的性能要好，用A—171作偶联剂制得的改性胶乳胶膜的物理机械性能最好。     

Novel self‐crosslinking film from hydrogenated carboxylated nitrile rubber latex

A new type of self‐crosslinking latex film was prepared from hydrogenated carboxylated nitrile‐butadiene rubber (HXNBR) latex by diimide reduction. The properties of the HXNBR rubber, including film surface morphology, physical properties, thermal stability and ageing properties, were investigated. FTIR spectroscopy was used to confirm the HXNBR structure, from which the degree of hydrogenation can be obtained. The morphology of the film surface was monitored by atomic force microscopy, which confirmed that HXNBR latex can form a continuous film with good cohesive properties from self‐crosslinking latex particles. The self‐crosslinking provided the latex film with excellent tensile strength. The thermal stability was improved after hydrogenation, as indicated by thermogravimetric methods. The activation energy for degradation was determined by Coats‐Redfern plots. Hot air oven thermal ageing confirmed that the oxidation resistance increased as the degree of hydrogenation increased. All these results showed that HXNBR latex can form a self‐crosslinking film with better mechanical properties, and heat and oxidation resistance than those of XNBR latex film in a wide range of film applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39865.     

纳米SiO_x补强天然乳胶膜抗剪切机理的研究

使用合适表面处理剂,通过剪切、搅拌混合和超声波处理,制备了高浓度n—SiOx分散悬浮液;在合适的剪切强度下,将分散悬乳液按n-SiOx质量分数为2.0%均匀分散在天然乳胶中,制备了n-SiOx补强型天然乳胶膜试样。乳胶膜直角撕裂强度测试结果和扫描电子显微镜图像分析表明,n-SiOx粒子较好地分散在天然乳胶中,能与乳胶分子链形成较为牢固的整体结构,其剪切强度较白炭黑试样提高了52.32%;n-SiOx悬浮液浓度是实验的主要影响因素,超声波分散时间、25G工作头转速和均质分散时间次之。     

氯化石蜡共混改性天然胶乳的研究

分别采用氯化石蜡、氯化石蜡／Sb2O3共混改性天然胶乳．考察了改性胶乳硫化胶膜的力学性能及阻燃性能．并进行了TG·DTG和DSC分析。结果表明：改性胶乳的阻燃效果比未改性天然胶乳的高．且氯化石蜡／Sb2O3共混改性天然胶乳可产生协同阻燃效果；随Sb2O3用量的增加．硫化胶膜撕裂强度增加．而拉伸强度下降。氯化石蜡／Sb2O3改性胶乳的热降解过程为二步反应．且起始热降解温度比天然胶乳的低．玻璃化转变温度提高。     

Green strength of natural rubber: The origin of the stress–strain behavior of natural rubber

The variation of the green strength of natural rubber (NR) with the preparation method of the film was studied to elucidate the origin of the stress–strain behavior characteristics of NR in connection with the structure of branch points in NR. A rubber film prepared via casting from NR latex showed the highest modulus and green strength in comparison with films prepared via casting from a toluene solution and via the hot pressing of dry rubber. The modulus and green strength of the NR latex‐casting film decreased after the hot‐press treatment of the film. On the other hand, no difference was observed for synthetic cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene rubber with the preparation method of the film or the heat treatment. This stress–strain behavior characteristics of NR can be ascribed to the changes in the branch points of the NR film with the casting method, which may result in differences in entanglement and crystallizability on stretching. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Photo-vulcanization using thiol-ene chemistry: Film formation,morphology and network characteristics of UV crosslinked rubber latices

The photo-vulcanization with versatile thiol-ene chemistry represents an innovative approach to crosslink diene-rubber materials both in latex and in solid film state. In this work, the structure of elastomer-based thiol-ene networks and the morphology after film formation are studied in detail using electron microscopic techniques, atomic force microscopy and multiple-quantum solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, film formation properties and corresponding macroscopic properties of photo-vulcanized natural rubber (NR) latex and its synthetic counterpart, isoprene rubber (IR) latex, are determined in dependence on the curing procedure (pre- and post-vulcanization). The results reveal that thiol-ene cured elastomers comprise homogenously distributed crosslinks with a low amount of short chain defects. Whilst photochemically pre-cured NR latex particles provide coherent films, the film formation and mechanical properties of IR are strongly governed by the crosslink density of the latex particles. In film state, photo-vulcanization promotes narrow crosslink distributions and excellent tensile properties of both NR and IR.     

一种新型复合医用乳胶膜的制备及其生物学性能研究

将纳米羟基磷灰石与天然胶乳复合,制备出羟基磷灰石/天然胶乳复合医用乳胶膜。采用广角X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对纳米羟基磷灰石进行表征,结果表明与人体内羟基磷灰石纳米晶非常相似。对羟基磷灰石/天然胶乳复合医用乳胶膜的力学性能、蛋白质含量以及生物相容性进行的测试表明这是一种非常有前途的医用复合材料,有望获得广泛应用。