基于AMS2750E标准热处理工业炉仪表系统设计

讨论了针对AMS2750E标准下热处理炉仪表系统的设计方案,介绍了仪表系统的工作原理,仪表系统各个组成部分除了按照标准要求设计外,着重强调了西门子PLC模拟量模块在接收热电偶信号时应该注意的问题,通过增加冷端补偿装置提高仪表系统精度。     

化学成分波动对SAE9310钢淬透性和力学性能的影响

根据AMS6265K标准对SAE9310钢中C、Ni、Cr、Mo、Mn、Si、B等合金元素成分控制范围的要求,设计了一系列不同成分的试验钢,通过比较试验钢的性能与SAE9310钢标准性能的差别,从而确定了工业试制SAE9310钢的成分控制范围.     

铝合金航空板材三级时效炉温控系统的研究

时效是铝合金性能提升的关键工序,通过时效后的铝合金硬度、强度和抗腐蚀性能均有显著提升。根据AMS2750E航空标准要求, 本文对铝合金航空板材的时效工艺、温控系统进行了研究总结。     

不同Q值冷轧对TA18钛合金管材织构及力学性能的影响

研究不同Q值冷轧工艺对高强TA18钛合金管材织构及力学性能的影响。测试比较了两种工艺获得的管材的拉伸性能、CSR值和(0002)面极图、ODF截图。结果表明,冷轧加工TA18钛合金管材的Q1时,管材径向压力占优势,会形成晶向[0002]与管材径向平行的织构,以径向织构为主的管材综合性能较好,可满足AMS标准要求;当冷轧加工TA18钛合金管材的Q1时,切向压力占优势,会形成晶向[0002]与管材切向平行的织构,以切向织构为主的管材塑性较差,无法满足AMS标准要求。     

ASTM在什么条件下以标准号代替钢号?

美国是最早开始制定标准的国家之一，例如ASTM是1898年起从事材料及其试验方法标准制定的团体之一。美国共有2000多个学术团体（学会、协会、联合会），其中有400个团体从事标准制修订。在钢铁材料标准方面，现在已知的有AtNSI、SAE、AISI、ASTM、ACI、AMS、ASME、AWS、API等组     

高速线材轧机的自动控制

新钢公司第二线材厂高速线材生产线主要设备和技术从国外引进，其独特的实时控制单元AMS由意大利ASIRobicon公司提供，本文详细说明以AMS为核心的自动化控制系统的配置、通讯结构和控制功能。     

Characterization and Thermodynamics of Al2O3-MnO-SiO2 (-MnS)Inclusion Formation in Carbon Steel Billet

A method to extract inclusion particles from solid steel by electrolysis with organic electrolyte solution was introduced;meanwhile,thermodynamics of inclusion formation was calculated using FactSage software.The results showed that there were two kinds of inclusions in the billet,i.e.Al2O3-MnO-SiO2-MnS(AMS-MnS)and Al2O3-MnO-SiO2(AMS).Most of AMS-MnS inclusion particles,with diameter of 10-30μm,showed three-layer structures:SiO2-rich core with a small quantity of Mn,intermediate AMS layer,and MnS outer layer containing small quantities of Al and O.Most AMS inclusion particles were 50-90μm and exhibited homogeneous composition.Thermodynamic results indicated that SiO2-rich core could form firstly by Si reacting with O in molten steel at temperatures above 1 923 Kduring Si-Fe alloy addition,and then,the SiO2-rich core could react with Mn and Al to form liquid AMS enveloping the SiO2-rich core at 1 823-1 873 K.MnS began to precipitate from AMS when temperature reached 1 728 K.Liquid AMS could form by coupled reaction among Si,Mn,Al and O in molten steel.     

宝钢特钢长材高温合金生产线控制系统设计及应用

介绍了宝钢特钢长材高温合金生产线的生产工艺流程、控制系统网络结构及传动特性，以及控制连轧的AMS系统。HMI通过工业以太网连接PLC的opc通讯方式。由工艺工程师从L2向PLC、AMS系统传递生产工艺对应的控制参数数据，进行配方管理，从而达到生产不同规格坯料控制的设计原理。     

Cu元素对AMS6308钢抗回火性能的影响

 为研究Cu元素对AMS6308钢耐温性的影响,采用SEM、TEM、EBSD、相分析和力学性能测试等手段,研究了不同回火温度下,AMS6308钢(含2%Cu)与不含Cu对比试验钢的组织与力学性能,探讨AMS6308钢中Cu元素对提高抗回火性能的作用。结果表明,随着回火温度提高,AMS6308钢强度先升后降,450 ℃出现峰值,并且整个回火温度区间强度均高于无Cu钢。400 ℃以下温度回火,Cu元素提高整体强度与抗回火性能,主要依靠固溶强化、增加M₆C相的析出强化、细晶强化3种方式的共同作用,主要强化机制是M₆C相析出强化。400 ℃以上温度回火,Cu元素主要依靠ε-Cu相的析出强化,提高强度与抗回火性能。ε-Cu相通过与位错的交互作用,产生强烈的沉淀强化,并在更高回火温度下,使钢保持较为完整的板条结构。     

金属玻璃钎焊箔材

美国东哈特福德的普拉特·怀特奈公司实验室曾研制成一种镍基钎焊料,用于焊接航空用定子和其它不锈钢或超级合金部件。与标准Au-Ni合金相比,它具有强度高(高60％)、抗氧化和成本低等优点。该合金是根据AMS4776(Ni-13 Cr-4 Fe-4.5 Sr-3B)改进而研制成功的,取名为:PWA996。开始时,PWA996呈带状,为金属粉末钎焊合金     

Endothelial selectins in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude pulmonary edema

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Mechanical or inflammatory injury to pulmonary endothelial cells may cause impaired pulmonary gas exchange in acute mountain sickness (AMS) and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). This study was designed to determine whether markers of endothelial cell activation or injury, plasma E- and P-selectin, were increased after ascent to high altitude, in AMS or in HAPE. DESIGN: We collected clinical data and plasma specimens in control subjects at sea level and after ascent to 4,200 m, and in climbers with AMS or HAPE at 4,200 m. Data analysis was performed using standard nonparametric statistical methods, and results reported as mean+/-SD. SETTING: National Park Service medical camp at 4,200 m on Mt. McKinley (Denali), Alaska. PATIENTS: Blood samples and clinical data were collected from 17 healthy climbers at sea level and again after ascent to 4,200 m, and from a different group of 13 climbers with AMS and 8 climbers with HAPE at 4,200 m. Climbers with AMS were divided into normoxic (n=7) and hypoxemic (n=6) groups. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Using an enzyme immunoassay technique, plasma E-selectin concentrations were found to be increased in the 17 control subjects after ascent to 4,200 m (17.2+/-8.2 ng/mL) as compared to sea level (12.9+/-8.2 ng/mL) (p=0.001). Plasma E-selectin concentrations were also increased in subjects with hypoxemic AMS (30.6+/-13.4 ng/mL) and HAPE (23.3+/-9.1 ng/mL) compared to control subjects at sea level (p=0.009). Increased plasma E-selectin concentration significantly correlated with hypoxemia (p=0.006). Plasma P-selectin concentrations were unchanged after ascent to 4,200 m and in subjects with AMS and HAPE. CONCLUSION: Because E-selectin is produced only by endothelial cells, increased plasma E-selectin after ascent to high altitude and in hypoxemic climbers with AMS and HAPE provides evidence that endothelial cell activation or injury is a component of hypoxic altitude illness.     

Evaluation of the Lake Louise acute mountain sickness scoring system in a hypobaric chamber

This study evaluated the relevance of the Lake Louise acute mountain sickness (AMS) scoring system in comparison with other AMS scoring systems. To achieve this objective nine subjects were submitted to a 9-hr exposure to hypoxia in a hypobaric chamber (altitude 4500-5500 m) that led to the development of AMS. AMS was scored at the end of this exposure period both by questionnaires (Hackett AMS questionnaire, Lake Louise AMS self-report questionnaire, Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire ESQ II and ESQ IV) and by a clinical investigation following the Lake Louise AMS clinical and functional AMS assessment. The AMS scores were between 0 and 9 for the Hackett AMS score, 0 and 38 for the ESQ II AMS score, 0 and 13.7 for the ESQ IV AMS score, 0 and 10 for the Lake Louise AMS self-report, 0 and 2 for the Lake Louise AMS clinical assessment score, and between 0 and 2 for the Lake Louise functional score. All the AMS questionnaire scores were related to the clinical AMS assessment score (p < 0.05) without significant differences between them. The Lake Louise AMS self-report score appeared highly correlated to other AMS scoring systems (Hackett, ESQ II and ESQ IV) (p < 0.05). Suggestions were proposed to improve the sensitivity and the specificity of the Lake Louise AMS scoring questionnaire but also the Lake Louise AMS clinical assessment. In conclusion, this study suggests the relevance of the Lake Louise AMS self-report questionnaire to assess and score AMS with simplicity and rapidity.     

Lifetime prevalence of "amotivational syndrome" among users and non-users of hashish.

Assessed the lifetime prevalence of amotivational syndrome (AMS) in 237 students at a Central European sports training facility using the criterion for AMS formulated by J. A. Halikas et al (1982). The group was regarded as being highly unlikely to have experienced an AMS. The criterion for AMS was met by 5.9% of the Ss compared to 5.2% of the Ss in the study by Halikas et al who were regular marihuana users. AMS as measured by this criterion was not significantly associated with history of marihuana use. Results cast doubt on the validity of the findings reported by Halikas et al. The AMS hypothesis was not supported. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Analytical performance of accelerator mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting for detection of 14C-labeled atrazine metabolites in human urine

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has been applied to the detection of 14C-labeled urinary metabolites of the triazine herbicide, atrazine, and the analytical performance of AMS has been directly compared to that of liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Ten human subjects were given a dermal dose of 14C-labeled atrazine over 24 h, and urine from the subjects was collected over a 7-day period. Concentrations of 14C in the samples have been determined by AMS and LSC and range from 1.8 fmol/mL to 4.3 pmol/mL. Data from these two methods have a correlation coefficient of 0.998 for a linear plot of the entire sample set. Accelerator mass spectrometry provides superior concentration (2.2 vs 27 fmol/mL) and mass (5.5 vs 54,000 amol) detection limits relative to those of LSC for these samples. The precision of the data provided by AMS for low-level samples is 1.7%, and the day-to-day reproducibility of the AMS measurements is 3.9%. Factors limiting AMS detection limits for these samples and ways in which these can be improved are examined.     

The association of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and cognitive function in an older cohort

This is the first demonstration of the use of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) as a tool for the measurement of 3H with attomole (10(-18) mol) sensitivity in a biological study. AMS is an analytical technique for quantifying rare isotopes with high sensitivity and precision and has been most commonly used to measure 14C in both the geosciences and more recently in biomedical research. AMS measurement of serially diluted samples containing a 3H-labeled tracer showed a strong correlation with liquid scintillation counting. The mean coefficient of variation of 3H AMS based upon the analysis of separately prepared aliquots of these samples was 12%. The sensitivity for 3H detection in tissue, protein, and DNA was approximately 2-4 amol/mg of sample. This high sensitivity is comparable to detection limits for 14C-labeled carcinogens using 14C AMS and demonstrates the feasibility of 3H AMS for biomedical studies. One application of this technique is in low-dose, dual-isotope studies in conjunction with 14C AMS. We measured the levels of 3H-labeled 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 14C-labeled 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) in rat liver tissue and bound to liver DNA and protein 4.5 h following acute administration of individual or coadministered doses in the range of 4-5100 pmol/kg of body weight. Levels of PhIP and MeIQx in whole tissue and bound to liver protein were dose-dependent. MeIQx-protein and -DNA adduct levels were higher than PhIP adduct levels, which is consistent with their respective carcinogenicity in this organ. Coadministration of PhIP and MeIQx did not demonstrate any measurable synergistic effects compared to administration of these compounds individually. These studies demonstrate the application of AMS for the low-level detection of 3H in small biological samples and for its use in conjunction with 14C AMS for dual-labeling studies.     

Changes of progesterone receptors in mesometrial and antimesometrial deciduoma after removal of fetus or placenta in unilateral pregnant hamster

The effects of fetuses or placentas (with fetuses) removal on progesterone receptors (PR) in deciduomal tissues were investigated in unilateral pregnant (ULP) hamsters. Deciduomal reactions in response to artificial stimuli were induced on the tube-ligated uterine horns of ULP hamsters. Fetuses or placentas (with fetuses) were removed on day 8 of ULP, and the cytosolic and nuclear PR (cPR, and nPR, respectively) levels in deciduomal tissues at mesometrial (MS) and antimesometrial (AMS) sites were separately studied on day 10 and 12 of ULP. In the sham control group, cPR at the MS decreased with time, but at a slower rate than that at the AMS. The MS deciduoma contained higher cPR than the AMS deciduoma on day 12. Removal of fetuses did not cause any significant change of the decline rate, and the PR levels were similar to that of the control. The nPR at the MS and AMS also declined with time in all three groups. Removal of placentas induced drastic losses of cPR and nPR at the MS and AMS on day 10 and 12. Supplement of progesterone (P; 2 mg/animal/day) to the placenta-removed group restored the cPR somewhat at the MS site, but not back to the level of the control. The effect of P to restore nPR levels could be observed at the MS and AMS on day 10, but only at the MS on day 12. These data suggest that placental factor(s) other than P may play an important role on the maintenance of PR in deciduoma. Other cellular mechanisms may exist at the MS and AMS sites for the heterogeneous responses.     

Pulmonary gas exchange in acute mountain sickness

The severity of acute mountain sickness (AMS) was investigated in healthy volunteers, airlifted to high altitude (5,360 m). Blood gases were measured at 2,990 m and 5,360 m. Symptoms of AMS were found in all subjects, but ranged from malaise to vomiting with intractable headache. The clinical severity of AMS was directly related to the arterial PCO2 and inversely to pH, but unrelated to the PO2 on arrival at high altitude. However, PO2 fell and was lowest 48 h after arrival at high altitude in those subjects with the most severe AMS. These were the only subjects to show an increase in the alveolar-arterial PO2 difference and in the venous admixture ratio during the first 48 h. These abnormalities in gas exchange, which developed in the subjects with the most marked cerebral symptoms, suggest that the manifestations of cerebral and pulmonary dysfunction at altitude develop simultaneously, a finding that suggests coexisting cerebral and pulmonary edema.     

Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome with associated cutis laxa: possible localization to 18q

The ablepharon-macrostomia (AMS) and Barber-Say syndromes (BSS) are rare disorders characterized by absence of the eyelids or ectropion, macrostomia, ambiguous genitalia, abnormal ears, rudimentary nipples, and dry, redundant skin. Patients with Barber-Say syndrome also have hypertrichosis. We present a patient with a phenotype similar to AMS who has a complex rearrangement of chromosome 18, involving both an inversion and interstitial deletion. Our patient lacks the typical features of the 18q deletion syndrome. We review AMS and BSS as compared with our patient, and recognize cutis laxa as a feature shared by all. We propose that the gene(s) for this phenotype may lie on chromosome 18 in the region of the deletion or inversion breakpoints.     

Long-term experience with controlled expansion cylinders in the AMS 700CX inflatable penile prosthesis and comparison with earlier versions of the Scott inflatable penile prosthesis

OBJECTIVEs. To determine complication and survival rates of the AMS 700CX penile prosthesis and to compare its reliability with earlier versions of the Scott inflatable penile prosthesis. METHODS: Retrospective chart review and telephone interviews were used. RESULTS: Actual 4-year survival of the AMS 700CX device was 85%, whereas earlier versions of the device had actual 4-year survival of 46% (p < 0.0001). The observed difference in prosthesis reliability could not be accounted for by differences in patient population, surgical technique, or incidence of infections. The most significant factor that contributed to improved prosthesis survival was the lack of cylinder complications (leaks and aneurysms). CONCLUSIONS: The controlled expansion cylinders of the AMS 700CX penile prosthesis are a significant advance in reliable, low-morbidity surgical therapy for impotence.