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先通过单因素试验,研究了光亮剂(2-巯基苯并咪唑、二氧化硒)和表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚乙二醇10000)对无氰镀铜层光泽度的影响。确定的基础镀液组成和工艺条件为:硫酸铜50g/L,丁二酰亚胺90g/L,三乙醇胺40g/L,柠檬酸20g/L,氢氧化钾60g/L,pH值9.0~9.5,温度20~30°C,电流密度2A/dm2,时间5min。再通过正交试验,得到较优的复合添加剂配方为:2-巯基苯并咪唑1.5mg/L,聚乙二醇10000 40mg/L。加入复合添加剂后,镀液的稳定性提高,电流效率、分散能力和覆盖能力分别为82.4%、75.0%和100.0%;镀层表面平整,结晶细致,结合力强,沿(111)晶面的取向更为明显。 相似文献
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考察了pH对45钢上化学复合镀Ni–P–聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)沉积速率和镀层孔隙率、磷含量、表面形貌、耐蚀性、显微硬度和摩擦因数的影响。镀液组成和工艺条件为:NiSO_4·6H_2O 25 g/L,NaH_2PO_2·H_2O 30 g/L,无水乙酸钠20 g/L,柠檬酸20 g/L,硫脲2 mg/L,氟碳型表面活性剂18 mg/L,PTFE 1.0 g/L,温度85℃,时间1 h。pH为5.0时,沉积速率为15.93μm/h,所得为高磷(质量分数8.34%)复合镀层,其显微硬度为163.3 HV,摩擦因数0.25,能耐中性盐雾腐蚀24.5 h。 相似文献
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Bacillus sp.W112产生表面活性剂条件优化及其特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从大庆油田油水混合样中分离得到一株芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp. W112). 菌株发酵液具有较高的表面活性,而且其表面活性剂具有较好的温度、pH和盐稳定性. 对表面活性剂产生条件进行优化,确定了最佳碳源为30 g/L麦芽糖,最佳氮源为1.5 g/L的混合氮源[硫酸铵+硝酸钠(1:2, j)],培养温度为37℃,在500 mL三角瓶中的装液量为100 mL,pH值为7.0,接种量为10%(j). 通过盐酸沉淀-化学试剂萃取法提取得到浅黄色固体产物,通过红外光谱分析,初步确定为一种脂肽类表面活性剂. 相似文献
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先采用体积分数为0%~40%的乙酸卡比醇酯溶液对ABS塑料进行溶胀,再采用无铬KMnO_4-H_2SO_4-PO_4~(3-)体系进行微蚀,最后进行化学镀镍(配方和工艺条件为:NiSO_4·6H_2O 28 g/L,NaH_2PO_2·H_2O 32 g/L,柠檬酸15 g/L,CH_3COONa·3H_2O 15 g/L,KIO_3 1 mg/L,pH 5.0±0.2,温度75℃,时间40~60 min)。研究了乙酸卡比醇酯体积分数、pH、温度及溶胀时间对ABS塑料微蚀效果的影响,得到溶胀的最佳工艺条件为:乙酸卡比醇酯体积分数30%,pH=4.0,温度35℃,时间5 min。在该工艺条件下溶胀后,再在70℃下微蚀10 min,ABS的表面水接触角为29.36°,化学镀可得到平整光滑、黏合强度为1.02 kN/m的镍镀层。 相似文献
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Oxidative desizing with sodium hydroxide in the presence of hydrogen peroxide has been investigated as a preparatory treatment for dyeing and printing cotton and polyester/cotton woven fabric. Using statistically designed experiments, the effect of time and temperature of treatment, and peroxide and sodium hydroxide concentrations on degree of desizing, whiteness, fabric absorbency and mote removal has been determined. The major factor determining desizing rate was sodium hydroxide concentration. As peroxide concentrations increased above 0.1% o.w.f. of 35% solution desizing was retarded. Desizing was thus seen to be a hydrolytic process initiated by hydrogen peroxide. Whiteness achieved during desizing was not correlated with sodium hydroxide concentration and adequate whiteness was not achieved with the 100% cotton fabric. Whiteness of the blend was significantly influenced by all the desizing factors, while absorbency was affected by treatment time and temperature. Pure cotton was not rendered absorbent at all at below 65°C, in contrast with enzymatic desizing. Treatment for a short time in the temperature range 65–95°C gave a generally unsatisfactory level of mote removal. 相似文献
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In this article, a low‐cost medium for the production of lipopeptides by the Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was formulated with desizing wastewater as carbon source, which contains starch and its degradation products, and the lipopeptides were biosynthesized. As the result, the yield of crude lipopeptides was 1.03 g/L, and the critical micelle concentration was ~ 50 mg/L. The chemical oxygen demand of the desizing wastewater after cultivation reduced to half compared with before cultivation. Separation of crude lipopeptides and its application as soaping agents in soaping process were investigated. The optimal soaping process was obtained at pH = 9 and 75°C with 0.05 g/L lipopeptides. Compared with traditional soaping process, lipopeptides soaping showed higher efficiency and higher colorfastness, and it is more energy efficient and more environmentally friendly process. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 相似文献
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采用天然染料青黛对涤纶织物进行染色,研究了各因素对染色效果的影响.结果表明:pH值4~5,温度120~130℃,时间30分钟,染色效果最好.载体可实现青黛对涤纶在100℃下的低温染色.青黛对涤纶染色后具有较高的水洗牢度和摩擦牢度. 相似文献
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采用自制通电线圈作为磁场来源对锦纶织物化学镀铜,镀液配方和工艺条件为:五水合硫酸铜5~10 g/L,酒石酸钾钠10~20 g/L,乙二胺四乙酸20~40 g/L,亚铁氰化钾1~3 mg/L,2,2′−联吡啶2~5 mg/L,聚乙二醇10~50 mg/L,乙醛酸3~5 g/L,温度40~50°C,pH 12~13,时间20 min。通过改变电流来控制电磁场强度,以研究磁场强度对镀铜层方块电阻、微观形貌、元素成分和结合力的影响。当制造电磁场的电流为30 mA时,所得化学镀铜层无杂质,表面平整,方块电阻约为17 mΩ,结合力良好。 相似文献
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选用碱性兰染料对蔺草进行染色,探讨染液pH值、染色保温温度、染料用量、电解质的用量及染色保温时间对蔺草上染率和摩擦牢度的影响,结果表明,用碱性兰染料对蔺草进行染色时,最佳上染率和摩擦牢度的工艺条件是:染液pH值7~10,染色保温温度80℃,染色温度在70℃以下时升温速率控制在3℃/min,染色温度在70~80℃时升温速率控制在1℃/2 min,染料用量为0.5%~1%(owf),元明粉用量10 g/L,染色保温时间20 min。 相似文献