阻尼层对水下圆柱壳辐射声场的去耦特性影响

基于模态叠加法,采用Navier方程描述阻尼层,建立敷设粘弹性阻尼层的水下圆柱壳振动声辐射模型。与数值计算结果比对,验证了计算模型的可靠性。分析圆柱壳的径向均方振速和辐射声功率,研究了粘弹性阻尼层对水下圆柱壳辐射声场的去耦特性影响。结果表明,粘弹性阻尼层的径向均方振速频响曲线可以分作三个频段,当频率较高时,粘弹性阻尼层能降低辐射声功率;与壳体厚度相比,阻尼层厚度对阻尼层去耦特性的影响更大。     

基于ESO和GA的约束阻尼板声辐射优化设计

采用有限元法,建立约束阻尼板的动力学模型;结合瑞利积分方程推导板结构的振动辐射声功率。建立以辐射声功率最小化为目标函数,以约束阻尼材料布置位置和厚度为设计变量的约束阻尼结构声辐射优化模型。提出基于渐进优化算法(ESO)和遗传算法(GA)的约束层阻尼板振动声辐射的分层优化设计策略,获得约束阻尼材料的位置和厚度优化配置。结果表明:在保持附加质量不变的条件下,以约束阻尼材料布置位置最优的约束阻尼板为初始结构,对各区域约束阻尼材料的厚度重新配置,能够获得更好的结构振动辐射声功率的控制效果。     

阻尼处理对水下弹性壳体振动声辐射影响分析

利用有限元软件ANSYS和边界元软件SYSNOISE对水下弹性壳体在不同阻尼处理下受激振动与声辐射特性作了数值计算分析研究,讨论了粘弹性阻尼厚度及敷设方式对水下弹性壳体振动声辐射特性的影响,研究表明：阻尼处理可以有效的降低结构的辐射声功率,阻尼层的厚度不是越厚越好,要结合激励力的频谱特性和壳体的振动特性来选择合适的厚度,敷设方式内粘自由阻尼层要比外粘减振效果好.     

基于声辐射模态的粘弹性阻尼板声功率最小化研究*

为了减小薄板结构振动辐射的噪声,在重量约束下进行了声功率最小化研究。利用有限元振动模型来处理结构振动环节,利用声辐射模态模型来处理声辐射环节,用可行方向法进行了优化设计研究。以一矩形粘弹性阻尼板为例,得到了阻尼重量约束下板的声功率最小化模型,结果表明在满足重量约束条件下能够达到明显的降噪效果。     

约束阻尼板结构振动声辐射优化

根据经典薄板理论,建立约束阻尼板有限元模型,将其视作镶嵌于无限大刚性障板,利用Rayleigh积分法推导结构的辐射声功率及灵敏度表达式。以一阶峰值频率或频带激励下的声功率最小化为目标,约束阻尼材料体积分数为约束条件,建立拓扑优化模型,采用渐进优化算法,编制了优化计算程序,获得了约束阻尼材料的最优拓扑构型,并与全覆盖板及基板的辐射声功率进行了对比。研究表明：以声功率最小化为目标,对约束阻尼材料布局进行拓扑优化,能有效抑制结构的振动声辐射,为结构低噪声设计提供了重要的理论参考和技术手段。     

复合材料层合板声功率及灵敏度研究

采用分层理论结合有限元模型分析复合材料层合板结构的振动特性,并用声辐射模态理论进行结构声辐射分析。在此基础上,分析声功率关于设计参数的灵敏度,推导声功率灵敏度的表达公式。以四层复合材料层合板为例,着重对声功率关于层合板结构铺层角度和铺层厚度的灵敏度进行了分析研究。数值计算结果显示在层合板基频处,辐射声功率达到最大值,同时在该处灵敏度有明显的升降过程。另外,对于低噪声层合板应以±45°对称的铺设将是最为恰当的设计方案。     

频率相关自由阻尼层复合材料加筋板动力分析

采用子空间迭代法和精细积分对敷设粘弹性阻尼层的含损伤复合材料加筋板结构进行了频率和动力响应分析。分析中对层合板和层合梁采用了Adams应变能法与Raleigh阻尼模型相结合的阻尼矩阵构造方法;对表面粘弹性阻尼材料则考虑了材料性质和耗散系数对激振频率与温度的依赖性,建立了频率相关粘弹性材料阻尼矩阵的计算方法。通过有限元分析,分别研究了敷设自由阻尼层无损伤和含分层损伤复合材料加筋板的自振频率和模态特征,并根据幅频曲线讨论了阻尼材料模量、耗散系数和阻尼层厚度等因素对结构响应的影响,提出的计算方法对通过合理选择阻尼层材料与几何参数来有效地控制加筋板结构的振动特性,具有一定的参考价值。     

对两相材料薄板声功率及其灵敏度研究

采用有限元与声辐射模态相结合方法研究两相材料薄板声辐射声功率,并分析结构声功率关于设计参数的灵敏度。应用有限元方法来处理结构的振动环节,将位移向量用振型的线性组合表示,用振型叠加法求解模态坐标得到位移向量从而求出结构的速度分布;在声辐射环节,采用声辐射模态展开从而求得声功率。将薄板声功率对设计参数求偏导,得到声功率灵敏度。以四边简支两相材料薄板为例,着重对声功率关于板密度和厚度的灵敏度进行了研究。     

《多点敷设支撑层的粘弹性约束阻尼梁振动分析》

针对夹层约束阻尼梁结构的减振特性进行深入研究,在其基础上扩展多处敷设增设支撑层的约束阻尼,建立了多点铺设增设支撑层约束阻尼梁的振动特性模型,利用粘弹性材料的Maxwell模型、假设模态法、有限元理论和力学原理,结合功能特性方程和Lagrange方程,导出了增设支撑层约束阻尼梁的振动位移响应方程。通过对敷设双支撑约束阻尼简支梁在支撑层厚度变化的参数研究,可以看到增设适当厚度的支撑层能够达到更好的减振效果。     

基于声辐射模态模型求解声功率灵敏度

声功率灵敏度分析揭示了结构振动引起的辐射声功率与结构设计变量之间的关系。通过利用声辐射模态模型来处理声辐射环节,利用有限元振动模型来处理结构振动环节,从而提出一种新的声功率灵敏度求解方法。在带障板的加筋板声辐射模型中,采用较常用的瑞利积分模型处理辐射环节的方法对其进行了验证。最终验证了这种方法的可行性。     

Loss behavior of viscoelastic sandwich structures: A statistical-continuum multi-scale approach

This work presents a multi-scale model of viscoelastic constrained layer damping treatments for vibrating plates/beams. The approach integrates a finite element (FE) model of macro-scale vibrations and a statistical-continuum homogenization model to include effects of micro-scale structure and properties. The statistical-continuum homogenization model makes the micro- to macro-scale transition to approximate the effective behavior of the heterogeneous core by using n-point probability functions. A simple sound transmission model is used to show the effect of material microstructure on the sound transmission loss of the sandwich structure. The damping behavior resulting from the presence of voids and negative stiffness regions in the core material is modeled. This study clearly shows that, it is of high interest to research either material structures or processing techniques which lead to negative stiffness behavior. The results also poignantly show that the proposed multi-scale model yields insight on heterogeneous material behavior leading to increased damping properties and ultimately enhances the ability to design sandwich beam/plates.     

Multiscale design of a rectangular sandwich plate with viscoelastic core and supported at extents by viscoelastic materials

This work presents a multiscale model of viscoelastic constrained layer damping treatments for vibrating plates/beams. The approach integrates a finite element (FE) model of macroscale vibrations and a micromechanical model to include effects of microscale structure and properties. The FE model captures the shear deformation of the viscoelastic core, rotary inertial effects of all layers, and viscoelastic boundaries of the plate. Comparison with analytical and FE results validates the proposed FE model. A self-consistent (SC) model makes the micro to macro scale transition to approximate the effective behavior a heterogeneous core. Modal damping resulting from the presence of voids and negative stiffness regions in the core material is modeled. Results show that negative stiffness regions in the viscoelastic core material, even at low volume fractions, yield superior macroscopic damping behavior. The coupled SC and FE models provide a powerful multiscale predictive design tool for sandwich beams and plates.     

有阻尼负载时圆柱壳的声传递特性分析

摘要 本文分析研究有阻尼负载圆柱壳的声波透射问题,从经典薄壳理论出发,给出有阻尼负载的圆柱壳振动微分方程,结合均匀流场中的波动方程,利用流-固耦合边界条件,给出了声波传递损失的公式,并计算了相应的算例,研究了有阻尼负载圆柱壳中的声波传递特性。分析了声波入射角度、阻尼厚度、壳体厚度等对声波传递损失的影响,得到了有意义的结论,旨在为工程设计提供参考。     

Finite element modelling of hybrid active–passive vibration damping of multilayer piezoelectric sandwich beams—part II: System analysis

An electromechanically coupled finite element model has been presented in Part 1 of this paper in order to handle active–passive damped multilayer sandwich beams, consisting of a viscoelastic core sandwiched between layered piezoelectric faces. Its validation is achieved, in the present part, through modal analysis comparisons with numerical and experimental results found in the literature. After its validation, the new finite element is applied to the constrained optimal control of a sandwich cantilever beam with viscoelastic core through a pair of attached piezoelectric actuators. The hybrid damping performance of this five‐layer configuration is studied under viscoelastic layer thickness and actuator length variations. It is shown that hybrid active–passive damping allows to increase damping of some selected modes while preventing instability of uncontrolled ones and that modal damping distribution can be optimized by proper choice of the viscoelastic material thickness. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Buckling and vibration of rectangular composite viscoelastic sandwich plates under thermal loads

The free vibration and damping characteristics of plates consisting of composite stiff-layers and an isotropic viscoelastic core were studied under thermal loads using finite element method. The temperature dependence of viscoelastic core properties and effects of pre-stresses are taken into account. The inherent composite damping and damping due to viscoelastic layer are compared. Parametric study is conducted with fiber angle, ply lay-up, and core thickness as parameters. The results show some interesting phenomenon like shifting of modes with temperature.     

Vibration and damping characteristics of beams with active constrained layer treatments under parametric variations

Hybrid damping designs with active piezoelectric materials and passive viscoelastic materials (VEMs) combine the advantages of both active and passive constrained layer damping (ACLD/PCLD) treatments.Researchers have established the standards for the extent and placement of the PCLD treatment for common structures. However for ACLD treatment, such detailed studies are not available. This study is aimed to examine, the effect of parametric variation of active constrained layer on the vibration control of the beams treated with optimally placed active or passive constrained layer damping patches. Finite element model is developed to model the open-loop and close-loop dynamics of active/passive constrained layer damping treated beam. The placement strategies of ACLD patches are devised using the modal strain energy (MSE) approach. Extensive experimentation studies are conducted by making twenty one separate samples of ACLD/PCLD treated beams with variations in viscoelastic material layer thickness, ACLD/PCLD patch coverage and location of the patch. Effects of key parameters, such as control gain, viscoelastic material thickness, coverage and location variation of ACLD patch on the system loss factor have been investigated. The careful analysis of results from partially covered ACLD treated beam suggests that the maximum damping of the first mode can be achieved by attaching the ACLD patch only up to 50% coverage. It also reveals that with proper choice of the control voltage and thickness, the effective loss factor can be almost doubled. The present study suggests the potential use of parametric studies that establish some guide lines for the extent and placement of the ACLD patches on the cantilevered beam.     

Analysis of smart damping of laminated composite beams using mesh free method

This paper is concerned with the development of mesh free model for the performance analysis of active constrained layered damping (ACLD) treatments on smart laminated composite beams. The overall structure is composed of a substrate laminated composite beam integrated with a viscoelastic layer and a piezoelectric layer attached partially or fully at the top surface of the substrate beam. The piezoelectric layer acts as the active constraining layer of the smart beam and the viscoelastic layer acts as the constrained layer. A layer wise displacement theory has been used to derive the models. Both symmetric cross-ply and antisymmetric angle-ply laminated beams are considered for the numerical analysis. It is observed that ACLD treatment significantly improves the active damping properties of the substrate beam. The numerical results also reveal that the triangular ACLD treatment is more effective than the rectangular ACLD treatment of same thickness and volume for active damping of smart composite beams.     

含吸声层和阻尼层叠层板的动力学建模研究

基于基板和吸声层的一阶微分控制方程,考虑阻尼层的自重,并借助黏弹性理论和层间连续性条件将阻尼层的剪应力及偏心力矩写为基板和吸声层状态向量的形式,该研究建立了含吸声层和阻尼层叠层板的整合动力学控制方程。结合边界条件和齐次扩容精细积分方法提出了一种求解此类叠层板力学特性的半数值半解析方法。为了验证该方法的正确性,采用有限元软件对层合板的动力学特性进行了数值仿真,结果表明该研究的模型具有较高的精度,研究中还采用该方法分析了孔隙率等材料参数对叠层板动力学特性的影响。     

计算粘弹结构动力学参数的新模态应变能方法

粘弹结构在噪声与振动控制领域已得到广泛应用,然而准确地计算粘弹结构的动力学参数一直存在困难,模态应变能法及其修正方法常用作近似计算。在分析模态应变能方法和已有修正方法的原理及其相互关系的基础上,提出一种基于损耗因子幅值的新模态应变能方法,用于计算粘弹结构的损耗因子与固有频率。新方法的修正因子随粘弹结构对应模态阶次损耗因子幅值变化。取可等价为粘弹性夹层梁/板的四参数原型系统和新型高阻尼航天载荷隔振器为算例,通过与已有方法的对比分析了新方法的准确性。