一种新颖的多用户OFDM资源分配算法

在多用户正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中设计一种新颖的子载波-功率分配方法来最大化用户数据传输速率.这个方案分成两部分,子载波分配和功率分配.其中,子载波分配方法是在信道容量矩阵中将信道容量最好的子载波首先进行分配,功率分配采用注水方法.研究和模拟结果表明,该算法在只改变各个子载波增益系数的基础上,基本保持了较低的复杂度,并且极大地提高了用户数据传输速率.     

基于子载波权衡的多用户OFDMA资源分配算法

在多用户OFDMA资源分配中提出一种基于子载波权衡的资源分配算法.资源分配过程中,在对公平性最差的用户进行子载波分配时,进行子载波权衡.根据权衡后子载波信道增益的变化情况,进行子载波分配.通过子载波权衡,将待分配的子载波分配给权衡用户;同时对于公平性最差的用户,从已分配给权衡用户的子载波中获得一个权衡子载波;使得权衡后分配的子载波较权衡之前获得更高的信道增益.仿真结果表明,算法在保证用户公平性的同时,提升了系统的频谱利用率.     

消除小区间干扰的OFDMA系统多小区上行资源分配方案

针对OFDMA系统多小区上行链路资源分配问题,提出了一种新的基于基站合作(BSC)和软频率复用(SFR)的资源分配方案。该方案通过相邻小区使用不同的子载波的软频率复用减少小区间干扰,利用基站合作对边缘用户的信号重构,使小区间干扰进一步消除,从而将多小区资源分配转化为单一小区资源分配。然后根据选择子载波避免冲突原则进行第一次子载波分配。最后根据速率要求,在不影响其他用户最低速率要求的前提下,对子载波进行二次分配。分析和仿真结果表明,该方案可以很好地解决小区边缘干扰严重的问题,降低用户的中断率,使多小区资源分配更加简单、公平、有效,尤其可保证边缘用户的服务质量,从而改善了系统的性能。     

802.20协议物理层关键技术OFDM和Flash-OFDM

就802.20协议物理层目前采用的OFDM/OFDMA技术和Flash-OFDM技术进行比较.OFDMA是一种多载波调制技术,它的原理是无线通信信道划分为多个窄带子信道同时传送,在每个了信道上使用一个子载波进行调制.Flash-OFOM技术采用FDD双工方式,上下行链路是数百个子信道组成的宽带载波,传输数据时给每个用户分配了信道.每个子信道采用了自适应调制和先进的编码技术,其频谱利用率比CDMA2000系统高3倍.Flash-OFDM在时间上以跳频方式使用OFDM的子载波,以实现信号扩频.它还有频率分集能力,减小了同一小区内的用户间干扰,同时具有OFDM和跳频扩频技术的优点,因而相邻节点可以使用相同频率的子载波.Flash-OFDM为解决小区间干扰,采用了功率控制,用户只发射能有效通信的功率.     

基于预期容量损失的OFDMA子载波分配算法

针对正交频分多址接入(OFDMA)系统的子载波分配问题,提出了一种基于预期容量损失的分配算法,该算法将子载波的联合分配分解为逐次分配以降低复杂度.每次分配时,该算法利用多用户频率选择性信道的特性,将用户在不同子载波上的速率差值作为每次分配中预期容量损失的度量,优先对预期容量损失最大的用户分配子载波,以期避免由逐次分配的非最优性导致的系统容量损失.理论分析和仿真结果表明,此算法能够在低复杂度的条件下得到近似最优解,在保证用户服务质量的同时,有效地提高了系统容量.     

一种OFDM系统动态子载波比特和功率分配联合算法

提出一种多用户OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)系统下行链路，具有信道变化实时性的动态子载波、比特和功率分配联合算法(UA)，在满足各个用户数据速率和BER要求的同时使总的发送功率最小。提出的算法与动态子载波分配算法(WSA)相比，计算复杂度相当，在移动信道环境下仿真结果表明性能有一定的改善。     

下行多用户多业务OFDM系统动态资源分配方法

针对未来无线通信系统必须能够同时支持多种业务类型的用户的问题,按照各用户服务质量(QoS)需求的不同将用户分为具有不同优先级的类,并基于子载波与功率分配联合优化的思想,提出了一种下行多用户OFDM系统动态资源分配方法.仿真结果表明,与现有方法相比,该方法在首先满足具有较高优先级用户的QoS需求的情况下,将更多的资源分配给优先级相对较低的用户,从而提高了资源利用率,进一步增加了系统的整体速率.     

全复用多小区系统下行链路用户调度与功率分配

对全复用多小区系统下行链路用户调度与功率分配问题进行了研究,提出了一种半分布式的用户调度与功率分配方案.首先,各小区根据自身所辖用户的信道与干扰信息,采用最大信干噪比准则进行用户调度,然后各基站将所调度用户的信息上报给中央资源控制器,最后中央资源控制器基于最速下降法的思想,采用贪婪功率分配(GPA)算法为各用户分配相应的发射功率.所提方案利用小区之间的相互协作有效地弱化了小区间干扰,与现有方法相比获得了更好的吞吐量性能和更高的功率效率.     

基于公共DF中继的认知无线电中继选择和功率分配

为提高认知无线电网络中主用户和次用户的通信质量,并可简单有效地利用中继节点来控制主用户和次用户之间的相互干扰,提出了一种基于公共中继的最佳中继选择和功率分配方案.首先,在认知无线电网络中建立了基于公共DF中继的无线通信模型;然后,根据无线通信理论推导出要优化的目标函数;最后,在保证主用户中断概率低于目标值的前提下,利用凸优化理论得出了模型中的最佳中继选择和功率分配方案.仿真实验结果表明,与常见的直接传输方案和功率平均分配的中继方案相比,本文提出的中继选择和功率分配方案提高了次用户的通信距离和速率,并且降低了主用户的中断概率,为更好地解决认知无线电网络中主用户和次用户的相互干扰问题提供了新的思路.     

广义多载波系统中基于双循环自适应时隙结构的空时联合检测

广义多载波并行传输方案是一种宽子带方案,每个子带带宽达到1.28MHz且子带交叠在-15dB以下.这种多载波结构能够有效地克服多载波系统的峰均比问题和对频偏的敏感度.首先给出了广义多载波并行传输方案的数字基带模型.为了便于信道估计和信号检测,设计了一种双循环的自适应时隙结构,基于该结构设计了频域均衡空时联合检测器,并证明它是最小均方误差准则下的最优检测器.最后在ITU M.1225信道下计算机仿真证明了该方案在宽带移动通信环境中的有效性.     

Nanotube radio

We have constructed a fully functional, fully integrated radio receiver from a single carbon nanotube. The nanotube serves simultaneously as all essential components of a radio: antenna, tunable band-pass filter, amplifier, and demodulator. A direct current voltage source, as supplied by a battery, powers the radio. Using carrier waves in the commercially relevant 40-400 MHz range and both frequency and amplitude modulation techniques, we demonstrate successful music and voice reception.     

Carbon nanotube radio

Here we report experimental results for a carbon nanotube (CNT) based amplitude-modulated (AM) demodulator for modulation frequencies up to 100 kHz. Further, the CNT based demodulator was successfully demonstrated in an actual AM radio receiver operating at a carrier frequency of 1 GHz and capable of demodulating high-fidelity audio. The demodulation originates from the nonlinear current-voltage (IDS vs VDS) characteristic of the CNT, which induces rectification of a portion of the applied RF signal. By properly biasing the CNT such that the operating point is centered on the maximum nonlinear portion of the I-V curve, one can maximize the demodulation effect. This represents a simple application of carbon nanotubes and nanotechnology to the wireless realm.     

Space-time measurement of indoor radio propagation

Most existing techniques for indoor radio propagation measurement do not resolve the angles from which signal components arrive at the receiving antenna. Knowledge of the angle-of-arrival is required for evaluation of evolving systems that employ smart antenna technology to provide features such as geolocation, interference cancellation, and space-division multiplexing. This paper presents a novel technique for the joint measurement of the angles, times and complex amplitudes of discrete path arrivals in an indoor propagation environment. A data acquisition system, based upon a vector network analyzer and multichannel antenna array is described, together with its use to collect channel measurement matrices. The inherent error sources present in these measurement matrices are investigated using a compact indoor anechoic range. Two signal processing algorithms are presented whereby the channel parameters may be estimated from raw measurements. In the first approach, an optimum beamformer is derived which compensates for systematic errors in the data acquisition system. This approach features very low computational complexity, and delivers modest resolution of path components. The second algorithm is based upon the maximum likelihood criterion, using the measured calibration matrices as space-time basis functions. This algorithm provides super-resolution of all path parameters, at the cost of increased computation. Several example measurements are given, and future directions of our research are indicated     

Carbon radio resistors as pressure transducers

This article presents a theoretical analysis of the action of carbon radio resistors as pressure transducers and shows how, from practical measurements, gauge factors can be predicted without the necessity to calibrate. Practical measurements agree well with predicted values, and for large numbers of expendable gauges, considerable time saving with little loss of accuracy can be obtained by use of predicted gauge factors.     

Robust energy detection in cognitive radio

The success of advanced dynamic utilisation of the scarce spectrum in cognitive radio depends upon reliable primary signal detection where accurate noise power estimation plays a critical role. However, in practical scenarios, the noise power cannot be accurately estimated, which significantly degrades the performance of primary signal detection. To avoid inaccurate noise power estimation and associated accumulated problems. A novel two-stage Bayesian estimation-based energy detection algorithm is introduced here. This algorithm, as supported by simulation results, shows two main features: (a) a superior performance of 1 dB compared with previous methods; (b) the consistency of the algorithm has been proved indicating that 100 correct primary user signal detection can be approached as the number of samples tends to infinity.     

Phase and phase-difference ionospheric radio tomography

Variants of ray ionospheric radiotomography (RT) are considered: the phase RT based on measuring the absolute phase or the total electron content and the phase-difference RT based on measuring the phase-difference RT based on measuring the phase difference or Doppler frequency. The phase technique is shown to give poor results with typical errors in determining the absolute phase. The previously developed technique of the phase-difference RT is presented.©1994 John Wiley & Sons Inc