High-efficiency dynamic supply CMOS audio power amplifier for low-power applications

This paper describes the analysis and design of a dynamic supply CMOS audio power amplifier for low-power applications. The dynamic supply technique is used to increase the efficiency of a class AB power amplifier. The polarization of its output stage is adaptive so that the maximum efficiency enhancement can be achieved without jeopardizing the linearity of the system. Two types of adaptive polarization are proposed and compared. A concept of power supplies switching is also proposed. Simulation results are presented showing that an efficiency of 53.6% at a total harmonic distortion (THD) of less than 0.1% can be achieved, whereas the maximal theoretical value for a class AB amplifier is approximately 33.3%.     

Switch-Linear Hybrid (SLH) Conversion Based on Source Follower

A family of switch-linear hybrid (SLH) converters is proposed, which integrates the advantages of linear amplifiers into switch-mode converters without sacrificing the energy efficiency of the system. Due to its high input resistance and low output resistance, a source (emitter) follower is introduced to be the core unit fed by a switching-filter supply, which constitutes the hybrid converter's topology. The proposed SLH converters feature excellent load robustness in addition to other advantages of pure linear systems, resulting in small volume and cheap cost. This paper describes the typical topologies and basic operating principle of the SLH converters. It is revealed that the special operation status that MOSFET devices possess uniquely has led to the derivation of a number of new converter topologies. Theoretical analysis and experimental results verify the excellent steady and dynamic performance of the SLH converters.      

一种高效单相电源Ⅰ类线性音频功放的设计

采用SMIC0.18μm3.3V CMOS工艺,实现了单相电源Ⅰ类线性音频功放的设计。为了提高AB类功放的效率,设计了一种新型结构的Ⅰ类线性音频功放,并理论推导了它的效率。Ⅰ类音频放大器中的电源转换器能根据输入音频信号连续调节AB类功放的功率电源电压以减小功率管上的压降。为了使单相电源下PMOS和NMOS功率管功耗同时得到优化,设计了增益变化的信号处理电路。输出级采用桥式结构,并由三级运放构成以提高线性度。测试结果表明,该功放向8Ω阻性负载提供功率在小于270mW范围内时,总谐波失真与噪声之和小于0.45%,最大效率达到70%;功率在100mW范围内时,效率比AB类提高了一倍,且测试效率曲线与理论推导吻合。     

2.4GHz CMOS高线性功率放大器

采用A类与B类并联的结构,设计了一种2.4GHz高线性功率放大器.输入信号较小时,A类放大器起主要作用;随着输入信号的增大,B类放大器起的作用越来越明显,来补偿A类的压缩,由此显著提高了放大器的线性度.电路主体为共栅管采用自偏置方法的共源共栅结构,提升了功放大信号工作时的可靠性.电路采用中芯国际0.13 μmCMOS工...     

某型弹载二次电源设计

介绍某型导引头二次电源设计方案,详细给出分析过程,理论分析该设计选取的接地方式,且通过结构设计减小线损降低压降。综合考虑完全使用线性稳压电源、开关稳压电源或者复合型设计等方案,通过分析各种方案的优缺点和可行性,该二次电源将采用线性集成稳压电源与DC-DC结合进行设计。实践表明该设计有较高的效率,可满足各组件的用电需求。     

一种压电陶瓷执行器动态驱动电源

针对压电陶瓷执行器呈现强容性负载的特性,该文研究了基于误差放大原理的压电陶瓷执行器动态驱动电源,提出采用高压运算放大器结合准互补对称功率放大电路构成的输出级以提高驱动电源的输出电压范围的方法和采用多组准互补对称功率放大电路构成的输出级并联以提高输出峰值功率的方法。通过对实际电路的测试表明,采用上述方法开发的压电陶瓷执行器动态驱动电源不仅输出功率达270 W,且具有良好的静态性能。     

高效率开关F3/E类功率放大器

介绍了一种高效F3/E类功率放大器的设计方法,该放大器将F类功率放大器的谐波控制电路引入逆E类功率放大器的负载网络,以改善放大器性能。此电路结构提升了放大器的功率输出能力,降低了电路对功率放大器管器件漏极耐压特性的要求,增强了器件工作时的安全性。详细阐述了该放大器的设计过程,并给出了负载网络各器件的最佳设计取值方程。选用GaNHEMT器件研制了S频段F3/E类功率放大器测试电路。实测结果表明该放大器在驱动功率为27 dBm时,可获得40.3 dBm的输出功率,具有13.3 dB增益,工作效率高达78.1%,功率附加效率为75.2%。实测结果与仿真结果吻合,验证了设计方法的正确性。     

ISO 14443单芯片读卡机发射电路的设计

介绍一种新的CMOS功率放大电路,该电路既有开关型放大器的高效率的特点,同时又具备线性功率放大电路能输出可变包络的特点,而且可以根据实际需要对输出功率进行调节。电路在0.6μm工艺线上流片。经测试验证电路能在-20°C～80°C的温度范围内工作,工作电压范围为2.5V～5.5V,输出功率可在很大范围内进行调节,在5V条件下,最大输出功率可达6.25W。     

PWM型D类音频功率放大器的设计

D类音频功放具有高效、节能、小型化的优点,广泛应用于便携式产品、家庭AV设备及汽车音响等多个领域。文章设计了一款工作于5V电源电压并采用PWM来实现的D类音频功率放大器,整个系统包含了输入放大级、误差放大器、比较器、内部振荡电路、驱动电路、全桥开关电路及基准电路。通过引入反馈技术来减小系统的THD指数,采用双路反宽调制...     

A Class B switch-mode assisted linear amplifier

A switch-mode assisted linear amplifier (SMALA) combining a linear (Class B) and a switch-mode (Class D) amplifier is presented. The usual single hysteretic controlled half-bridge current dumping stage is replaced by two parallel buck converter stages, in a parallel voltage controlled topology. These operate independently: one buck converter sources current to assist the upper Class B output device, and a complementary converter sinks current to assist the lower device. This topology lends itself to a novel control approach of a dead-band at low power levels where neither class D amplifier assists, allowing the class B amplifier to supply the load without interference, ensuring high fidelity. A 20 W implementation demonstrates 85% efficiency, with distortion below 0.08% measured across the full audio bandwidth at 15 W. The class D amplifier begins assisting at 2 W, and below this value, the distortion was below 0.03%. Complete circuitry is given, showing the simplicity of the additional class D amplifier and its corresponding control circuitry.     

应用于4G-LTE无线通信系统的F类高PAE射频功率放大器

为了有效实现高谐波抑制并提高功率附加效率,提出了一种适用于4G-LTE无线通信系统的高效F类功率放大器。该功率放大器使用了低电压p-HEMT晶体管和小型微带抑制单元,能够在低射频输入功率下产生n次谐波抑制和较高的功率附加效率（power added efficiency,PAE）。采用谐波平衡法对提出的功率放大器进行了仿真分析,并对其进行了实际制造。通过实际测量对仿真结果进行了验证。测量结果显示,提出功率放大器的工作频率为1.8 GHz,带宽为100 MHz,平均PAE为76.9％,且具有2V的极低漏极电压。射频输入功率范围分别为0-12 dBm时,最大输出功率和增益分别为23.4和17.5 dBm。     

A fast Modulator for dynamic supply linear RF power amplifier

A fast modulator for a dynamic supply linear RF amplifier has been integrated in a 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The use of this modulator with an external linear power amplifier (PA) allows to maintain its efficiency at a higher level than it would with the same PA supplied at constant voltage. The modulator is designed to follow rapid envelope variations at high efficiency without compromising the RF PA linearity.     

模拟预失真在高功率放大器中的应用

通信技术的发展对于功率放大器的要求越来越高，主要需求集中在高线性高效率的功放。前馈是目前改善功放线性比较好的方法，但是该方法的一个问题是降低了功放的效率。文中使用模拟预失真技术与前馈技术相结合，通过相应的分析与试验，证明该方法可以在不恶化线性指标的前提下提高功放前馈系统的效率。     

线性化Doherty功率放大器的研究

阐述了线性化功率放大器的发展过程。利用ADS进行Doherty功放的仿真分析,设计了一种多个放大器并联的Doherty功放电路,并与经典的Doherty功放比较效率的高低。研究结果表明,此多级并联Doherty功放电路比传统功率放大器效率要高,并且有电路简单、成本低、工作稳定等优点。     

工作在1.8-3 GHz内的高效率GaAs pHEMT功率单片

本文报道了一款基于南京电子器件研究所GaAs pHEMT单片集成电路工艺的S波段宽带高效率功率放大器。为了提高芯片效率,该放大器采用驱动比为1:8的两级级联方式,并采用低通/高通滤波器相结合的拓扑结构设计每级的匹配电路。这种匹配电路在有效降低芯片面积的同时,在较宽的频带范围内实现对应于高效率的阻抗匹配。在5V漏压AB类偏置条件下,该功率放大器在1.8到3GHz频率范围内连续波输出饱和功率为33~34 dBm,相应的附加效率达到35%~45%,以及非常平坦的功率增益25~26 dB。芯片面积紧凑,尺寸仅为2.7mm×2.75mm。     

一种S波段线性CDMA用高功率放大器

利用推挽电路和宽边耦合线合成器设计了一种S波段300 W固态高线性功率放大器。推挽电路利于宽带功率匹配,宽边耦合线合成器提高了功率合成的功率容量,从而实现了高线性输出功率的平坦特征。该功率放大器在S波段90 MHz频率范围内实现了线性300 W的功率输出,带内增益65±0.5 dB,三阶互调≤-45 dBc。     

基于线性电源的高压放大器

介绍基于线性电源的高压放大器的实现，他具有宽范围的电压输出、波形质量好的特点，降低了对器件耐压的要求，可用于实现压电陶瓷驱动器、高电压扫描电源以及高压功率源等应用。     

基于D类功放的宽范围可调电源的设计

结合PWM电源的原理对D类功放的工作原理进行了分析，提出了在D类功放基础上构建PWM正负可调电源的方法，并在成品D类功放器件基础上实现经济实用的电源进行了成功的尝试。     

一种高效率线性压电陶瓷驱动电源设计

为改善压电陶瓷驱动电源的静态功耗和动态性能,提出了可变静态工作点和工作电压的高压放大器。首先使用恒流源结构的放大器构成典型的高压放大器,然后通过比例微分电路动态调整放大器的工作电流,最后利用多组抽头电源给高压放大器分段供电,进一步降低系统功耗。实验结果表明,放大器在10 mA静态电流下,可以动态输出400 mA电流;放大器工作电压可以根据输出电压大小在50 V、100 V、150 V、210 V之间自动切换。放大器在很低的静态电流下可以获得很好的动态特性,满足设计要求。     

Class E RF tuned power amplifiers in CMOS technologies: theory and circuit design considerations

The article introduces several configurations of class E power amplifiers in CMOS technologies. Each configuration, however, alleviates some problems in the design of class E power amplifiers. The two-stage class E power amplifier reveals the design technique for the driving stage, which provides a more efficient driving signal in terms of class E operation. The complementary configuration takes advantage of the symmetrical circuit topology, which allows much lower total harmonic distortion in the output signal. The power-adaptive technique based on high-Q varactors gives a more feasible and effective approach to achieving the function of output power control for switching-mode power amplifiers. An approach to implement linear power amplification using switching mode power amplifiers is also introduced that can achieve linear amplification while still keeping high power efficiency and output power.