颗粒阻尼技术及柔性带状颗粒阻尼器

介绍了一种新型的柔性带状颗粒阻尼器及其减振机制,为工程设计中的减少振动和降低噪声提供了有效途径。根据在振动控制领域利用外加耗能装置以耗散结构振动能量的设想,讨论了柔性带状颗粒阻尼器的构成并通过桁架模型的减振试验,验证了柔性带状颗粒阻尼器的减振效果。得出颗粒阻尼技术及柔性带状颗粒阻尼器是一种具有较大研究和开发空间的新产品,对杆状、管状、构件减振具有重要的指导意义。     

新型集成式双气室油气阻尼器的联通工作模式动力学特性分析

针对传统基于集成式油气阻尼器联通工作模式的优缺点,提出一种新型的基于集成式双气室油气阻尼器的联通式工作模式。该新型集成式双气室油气阻尼器是通过在传统集成式单气室阻尼器的环状油腔中增设辅助气腔来得以实现。针对该新型集成式双气室油气阻尼器的联通式工作模式,建立本构模型,并在充分分析其工作原理的基础上,结合实验数据通过AMESim软件建立其仿真模型,并针对仿真模型开展其动力学分析,与两类已提出的基于集成式单气室油气阻尼器的联通工作模式进行比较。结果表明：该结构能够改善传统油气阻尼器联通工作模式在同步、异步工作中出现的负压力以及输出力畸变的问题,并能提供较好的刚度特性。在此基础上,讨论了该新型集成式油气阻尼器的联通式工作模式的结构参数对系统工作性能的影响,为该结构进一步在协同减振以及车辆悬架系统的应用提供参考。     

基于CuZnAl形状记忆合金的框架结构抗震减振控制

利用形状记忆合金的本构关系,分析了在自由应力状态下的残余应变与温度的关系.使用动态数据采集分析仪,测试了安装CuZnAl形状记忆合金耗能器的框架结构的减振性能;应用电子万能拉伸试验机测试了CuZnAl形状记忆合金的应力-应变滞回曲线,借助透射电子显微镜,分析了CuZnAl形状记忆合金在热机械循环过程中显微组织的变化;比较了不同热处理工艺对CuZnAl形状记忆合金热机械循环后的滞回曲线面积及减振性能的影响.结果表明:CuZnAl形状记忆合金用于框架结构具有较好的减振效果,可明显降低框架结构的振动频率,其中马氏体CuZnAl形状记忆合金耗能器具有较大的耗能能力,经室温水淬时效7 h处理后减振效果最好.     

颗粒混合种类不同的阻尼器减振特性分析

通过试验的方法,分析了颗粒混合种类不同的阻尼器的减振特性。首先搭建了试验装置,以简支梁为研究对象,在其上安装颗粒阻尼器。用激振器对简支梁进行激振,用加速度传感器测得其加速度响应。试验结果表明:颗粒混合种类不同的阻尼器能够有效地抑制系统共振峰值,对简支梁的共振区域有明显的减振效果;颗粒的混合种类不同,阻尼器的减振性能不同:混合种类为4种时(4、6、8、10)减振效果最好,混合种类为5种时(4、6、8、10、12)减振效果最差。     

半主动控制方法对海洋平台结构振动控制效果的数值模拟及试验对比研究

采用半主动控制方法对海洋平台的振动进行控制,以一典型导管架式海洋平台为原型,根据动力相似准则按1∶ 50 比例设计海洋平台结构模型,以磁流变阻尼器为控制装置设计半主动控制系统,进行多工况减振效果的数值模拟,在此基础上,进行波浪水池试验研究,对比分析半主动控制系统控制效果的数值模拟结果与试验结果,讨论磁流变阻尼器自身刚度、质量对平台动力响应及减振效果的影响,给出磁流变阻尼器半主动控制系统对海洋平台结构振动的减振特点.     

被动式电磁阻尼器用于转子振动控制的实验研究

提出了一种无需控制的被动式电磁阻尼器．其采用直流电工作．用于实验转子系统并取得了良好的减振效果。该阻尼器结构简单．性能可靠．有推广应用前景。     

基于闭环PID控制的磁流变液阻尼减振器减振性能测试

针对某结构的振动特性及磁流变液阻尼减振器的工作方式,设计了一套用于检测其磁流变液阻尼器减振效果的测试系统,根据传感器检测到结构的振动信号输入到计算机和磁流变液阻尼减振器的控制器,通过PID方法控制伺服电机的回转速度和方向及外界磁场强度,从而改变输出控制力和阻尼的大小.试验表明,采用该方法,达到了降低结构响应振幅值的目的,提高磁流变液阻尼器的减振控制性能.     

基于改进遗传算法的TMD阻尼器的优化布置

调谐质量阻尼器被广泛应用于高耸结构振动控制。为了提高阻尼器的减振效果,基于安全性要求,建立等效二次型性能指标;通过改进遗传算法,求得TMD阻尼器的最佳安装位置,从而提高TMD减振系统的减振效果。最后通过仿真实验验证优化的意义,并得出一些结论:对于塔筒结构减振控制,不仅要针对低阶振型进行控制,高阶振型的扭转振动也不容忽视。     

磁流变液减振器

磁流变液是一种新型的智能材料。磁流变液的快速流变性能使其广泛用于制造减振阻尼器、制动器、离合器、抛光装置和液压阀等。本文主要介绍了磁流变液在减振器上的应用。     

冷带轧机减振装置减振性能的试验研究

为控制高速冷轧机垂直于轧制方向的辊系颤振，研制出了一种新型的干摩擦阻尼减振装置。本文对该装置的减振性能进行了较为深入的试验研究。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.