(2R, 3S)-3-羟基-天冬氨酸盐酸盐的合成研究

本文介绍了羟基天冬氨酸合成的,以D-酒石酸二乙酯为原料,与氯化亚砜反应成亚磺酸类化合物,再与叠氮化钠发生开环反应后,催化加氢还原后得到羟基天冬氨酸二乙酯,经皂化反应后得到目标产物,四步反应的总收率为42.04%。     

新型吡唑衍生物1-甲基-4-乙氧羰基-5-羟基吡唑的合成

1-甲基-4-乙氧羰基-5-羟基吡唑是合成吡唑类HPPD酶抑制剂的-种很重要的有机合成中间体。笔者以丙二酸二乙酯与原甲酸三乙酯反应得到乙氧亚甲基丙二酸二乙酯,再与水合甲基肼反应、关环后得到1-甲基-4-乙氧羰基-5-羟基吡唑。探讨了反应温度及溶剂对反应的影响,以水为溶剂,反应温度为回流温度．收率较有机溶剂法有较大幅度提高。     

4,6-二羟基-5-氯嘧啶的合成

以丙二酸二乙酯为原料,经NCS氯化得到2-氯丙二酸二乙酯,然后以甲醇为溶剂,在碱金属催化剂下,经与醋酸甲脒反应得到4,6-二羟基-5-氯嘧啶.反应总收率为73.4%(以丙二酸二乙酯计),含量为99.7%,其结构经红外和氢谱核磁分析确证.     

香豆素-3-羧酸乙酯衍生物的合成及抗血小板聚集活性

以间二苯酚为原料,经Vilsmeier-Haack,Knoevenagel等反应得到7-羟基香豆素-3-羧酸乙酯(3),利用其7位羟基与不同碳数的二溴烷烃反应得到7-溴代烷氧基-香豆素-3-羧酸乙酯(4a～4e),再将其与硝酸银反应得到7-硝氧烷氧基香豆素-3-羧酸乙酯(5a～5e)。化合物5a～5e经过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和质谱表证。体外抗血小板聚集活性测试结果表明,所得目标化合物对二磷酸腺苷(ADP)所诱导的血小板聚集均具有较强的抑制活性,抑制率达32.86%～40.71%,强于阳性对照药阿司匹林(19.33%)。     

3-乙基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮的合成研究

以正丁酸乙酯和草酸二乙酯为主要原料,合成了香料化合物3-乙基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮。首先由正丁酸乙酯和草酸二乙酯经Claisen缩合生成2-乙基-3-羰基-丁二酸乙酯,其与丙烯酸乙酯发生Michael加成,随后Dieckmann酯缩合得到5-乙基-3,5-二乙酯基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮,然后经水解脱羧获得3-乙基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮。初步考察并优化了各步反应的工艺条件,产品总收率达44.46%。     

3R-2,2-二氟-3-羟基-3-(2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环基)戊酸乙酯的合成与表征

以2,3-O-异丙亚基-D-甘油醛为原料合成抗肿瘤药物中间体3R-2,2-二氟-3-羟基-3-(2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧戊环基)戊酸乙酯,在锌粉的催化下加入了三甲基氯硅烷使需要得到的R结构产物的比例提高,反应温度为45℃,反应时间3h,收率为72.1%以上。用IR与1HNMR对其结构进行了表征。     

1,2-二羟基-3-丙磺酸钠的合成研究

以环氧氯丙烷(ECH)、亚硫酸氢钠和无水碳酸钠为原料,合成了1,2-二羟基-3-丙磺酸钠(DHPA);研究了反应温度、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应物摩尔比等因素对转化率的影响,得到了合成1,2-二羟基丙磺酸钠的最佳反应条件,傅立叶红外光谱及熔点仪对合成产物进行分析的结果表明合成的产物为1,2-二羟基丙磺酸钠。     

6-硝基-4-二甲氨基甲基-5-羟基-1-甲基-2-苯硫甲基-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸乙酯的合成

以对苯醌和3-(甲基氨基)-2-丁烯酸乙酯为起始原料,经Nenitzescu反应、乙酰化、硝化、溴代、缩合、Mannich反应得到一个新化合物6-硝基-4-二甲氨基甲基-5-羟基-1-甲基-2-苯硫甲基-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸乙酯,总产率19.3％.反应中间产物和目标产物结构采用1 HNMR和质谱确认.     

2-甲基-1-环己基-5-羟基吲哚-3-羧酸乙酯的合成

以乙酰乙酸乙酯、环己胺为起始原料,先合成中间物3-环己胺基-2-丁烯酸乙酯,然后与1,4-苯醌经Nenitzescu反应,得到1种新的化合物2-甲基-1-环己基-5-羟基吲哚-3-羧酸乙酯,总收率59%.产品经红外光谱、质谱等确认.     

杀菌剂氟嘧菌酯的合成

报道了杀菌剂氟嘧菌酯的合成工艺研究。以4-羟基香豆素为原料,依次经过硝化、碱水解、甲胺化、环合、醚化和碱重排环合反应得到(E)-(5,6-二氢-[1,4,2]-二嗪-3-基)-(2-羟基苯基)-甲酮-O-甲基肟(中间体F);以2-氟丙二酸二乙酯为原料,经与醋酸甲脒成环后进行氯化反应合成中间体4,6-二氯-5-氟嘧啶;中间体F先后与4,6-二氯-5-氟嘧啶和2-氯苯酚进行醚化反应得到目标产物氟嘧菌酯。以4-羟基香豆素计,合成总收率达17%,产品质量分数为96%(HPLC)。     

三氧化二钕催化制备尼泊金乙酯

研究了以三氧化二钕为固体催化剂，由对羟基苯甲酸和乙醇合成尼泊金乙酯。讨论了影响酯化反应的因素，与大孔阳离子交换树脂和Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３·ＸＨ２Ｏ相比，三氧化二钕用量少，是对酸的６％，反应时间短，只需４ｈ，反应温度低，不超过９０℃，可循环使用，产率较高，对环境和产品无污染等。     

Na_2O—CaO—B_2O_3—A1_2O_3—SiO_2玻璃的Raman光谱

微孔玻璃是基于分相原理得到的。人们发现,由于Na_2O-B_2O_3-SiO_2系统中同时存在两种形成玻璃网络的氧化物B_2O_3及SiO_2,电价不平衡的[BO_4]四面体趋于获得Na_2O中的游离氧而形成含富Na_2O-Ba_2O_3的相,从而与含富XiO_2相分开,当这种分相玻璃浸于稀盐     

Taxotere侧链的酯类衍生物的合成

本研究选用8个醇,在六甲基二硅基氮烷钠（NaHMDS)的作用下,分别与3－乙氧基乙氧基－4－苯基－2－吖丁啶酮（B）反应,开环生成3－苯基－3－（N－叔丁氧酰氨基）－2－（1－乙氧基乙氧基）丙酸酯（C）,经醋酸水解生成taxotere侧链的衍生物3－苯基－3－（N－叔丁氧酰氨基）－2－羟丙酸酯（D）,这8个酯均为新化合物,其结构经红外,核磁共振光谱及元素分析确定。     

A Novel Method for Simultaneous Monitoring of 2-MCPD, 3-MCPD and Glycidyl Esters in Oils and Fats

The availability of a reliable methodology for the quantification of fatty acid esters of monochloropropropanediol (MCPD) and glycidol is essential for understanding the mechanism of formation of these process contaminants and for developing effective mitigation strategies. While several analytical methods for the determination of MCPD esters have already been developed and evaluated, only very few procedures are currently available for the analysis of glycidyl esters. This work presents a new indirect method for the simultaneous quantification of fatty acid esters of 2-MCPD, 3-MCPD and glycidol. The method is based on the acid-catalyzed conversion of glycidyl esters into 3-monobromopropanediol (3-MBPD) monoesters which, owing to the structural similarity to MCPD esters, are quantified by using the procedure we previously optimized for the analysis of MCPD esters. The critical step of the method, which is the conversion of glycidyl esters, was optimized by testing different reagent concentrations and varying other condition settings. The novel method showed good repeatability (RSD <2.5 %) and between-day reproducibility (RSD ≤5 %). The limit of detection was 0.04 mg/kg for bound 2-MCPD and 3-MCPD and 0.06 mg/kg for bound glycidol. The trueness of the method was evaluated by the analysis of spiked samples and by interlaboratory comparison.     

Application of Indirect Enzymatic Method for Determinations of 2-/3-MCPD-Es and Gly-Es in Foods Containing fats and Oils

Because of the potential health risks, fatty acid esters of 3‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol (3‐MCPD‐Es), 2‐chloro‐1,3‐propanediol (2‐MCPD‐Es) and glycidol (Gly‐Es) in foods are drawing the attention of public health authorities. To assess applicability of the rapid indirect method developed earlier by using a Candida rugosa lipase for the analyses of refined fats and oils was applied to the analyses of various foods. Mayonnaise, vegetable oil margarine and fat spread could be analyzed with the hydrolysis condition of 30 min at room temperature. Analyses of 3‐MCPD‐Es in margarines and fat spreads containing milk fat could be analyzed by increasing the hydrolysis temperature to 40 °C. The results in a mayonnaise, four fat spreads and five margarines analyzed by the enzymatic method were 0.10–0.98 mg/kg for 3‐MCPD, 0.05–0.41 mg/kg for 2‐MCPD and 0.15–0.59 mg/kg for Gly, and correlated well with the results obtained by AOCS Cd 29a with Cd 30–15 with slopes of 0.99–1.13, and R²s of 0.87–0.99. Further, by adding a simple fat extraction step using a solvent mix at 60 °C, foods high in protein and carbohydrate, such as infant formulas, could also be successfully analyzed with >90 % recovery in 1 day. Because the enzymatic method requires only 30 min for hydrolysis, the method is considered suitable for routine analyses of 2‐/3‐MCPD‐Es and Gly‐Es in foods.     

Studies on photo-crosslinkable polyphosphoramide esters containing divanillylidene cycloalkanone units

Two series of photo-crosslinkable polyphosphoramide esters were synthesized from 2,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidene)cyclopentanone and 2,6-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidene)cyclohexanone with various N-arylphosphoramide dichlorides by interfacial polycondensation using hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst at ambient temperature. The resulting polymers were characterized by inherent viscosity, Fourier transform infra-red, ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the polymers synthesized was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. These polymers were studied for their photo-chemical reactions. The divanillylidene cycloakanone groups in the polymer chain function as photo-active centres. Crosslinking proceeds via 2π + 2π cycloaddition reaction of the divanillylidene cycloalkanone moieties. The rate of crosslinking decreases with increase in the size of the cycloalkanone ring, while the thermal stability increases with increase in the size of the cycloalkanone ring.     

苯并呋喃-2,3-二酮3-（O-甲基-肟）2-肟合成工艺研究

以4-羟基-3-硝基香豆素为起始原料,经过开环、脱羧,得到2-硝基-2,-羟基苯乙酮,再和甲氧胺盐酸盐反应生成中间体1-（2-羟基苯基）-2-硝基-乙酮-O-甲基肟。最后通过碱性条件下关环得到苯并呋喃-2,3-二酮3-（O-甲基-肟）2-肟。目标化合物及中间体结构经1H-NMR确证。反应总收率70.4%,产品纯度99.2%。该工艺原料廉价,操作简单,收率较高,具有较好的工业化应用前景。     

Syntheses and Characterization of Diorganotin Derivatives of 2-Mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole: X-ray Crystal Structure of Polymeric (C3H3S2N2) [(n-C4H9)6Sn3O(OH)2](C3H3S2N2)

Diorganotin derivatives of 2-mercapto-5-methyl-1,3,4 -thiadiazole, (R = Me 1, n-Bu 2, Ph 3, PhCH₂ 4), have been synthesized and characterized by IR, ¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR spectroscopy. Among them, polymer 2 was also characterized by X-ray crystallography diffraction analysis. This revealed that 2 showed a unique tricyclic structure consisting of a fused five-membered Sn₂ON₂ ring and a four-membered Sn₂O₂ ring. These formed a planar N₂Sn₃O₂ skeleton, with distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination at the two tin centers and a distorted octahedral coordination at the other tin center. The supramolecular structure of polymer 2 was a 1D zig-zag polymeric chain stabilized by intermolecular O–H...S hydrogen bonds. An erratum to this article can be found at     

(E)-3-甲基-2-环十五烯酮的立体选择性合成

以1,10-二溴癸烷、乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,通过相转移催化缩合、粗产物不经分离,直接水解合成了麝香酮关键中间体2,15-十六烷二酮,收率78.6%。然后以TiC l4与不同的叔胺为催化剂,对2,15-十六二酮进行分子内羟醛缩合关环反应,成功合成了脱氢麝香酮,并确定了顺反异构的比例,实验表明,以TiC l4-i-Pr2NEt为关环催化剂环合收率为79.5%,顺反异构比例为1∶3,有较好立体选择性。产品用IR、MS1、HNMR进行了表征。