基于正交调制的IP-over-WDM光标记交换网络及其传输性能的研究

详细阐述了基于正交调制格式的IP-over-WDM光标记交换网络的网络体系结构,给出了边缘路由器的结构图与核心路由器的实现方法,数值模拟了IP-over-WDM光网络中基于频移键控/幅移键控正交调制的光标记信号/净荷的传输性能,最后给出了基于正交调制格式的IP-over-WDM光标记传输实验,实验结果表明了所述方案的可行性。     

光突发交换网络的突发包组装和调度

光突发交换(OBS)由于结合了光线路交换和光分组交换的优点并且改进了两者的不足之处,成为实现IP over WDM的重要手段。主要研究实现光突发包在边缘路由器的组装生成和调度机制。通过模拟的方法研究边缘路由器的输出性能,包括输出流量的形状和时延特性。结果显示,不同服务等级的时延要求可以通过组装控制输出流的最大时延得以保证。同时边缘路由器组装和分配信道缓冲区设置和优先分配机制可以影响到输出光突发包的长度和突发度。     

全光网络的发展

实现全光网络的关键之一是用光交换代替电交换，目前自动光交换网络已经实用,了解决电子瓶颈限制问题，实现全光交换，近几年在光交换中引入了光标记交换新技术，该技术的关键在于光标记的产生、提取和识别等方面，其中有两种新方法：前置光标记法和高强度光脉冲光标记法，全光网络将向智能自动光交换网络演进。     

40 Gbit/s 高速OOK到OFSK全光码型转换器的研究

全光码型转换器可以提高光网络的有效性和灵活性,是未来光网络中不可缺少的一部分.文章提出了一种基于半导体光放大器(SOA)中瞬时交叉相位调制(T-XPM)效应和光带通滤波器的开关键控(OOK)到光频移键控(OFSK)的高速全光码型转换方案.该方案结构简单,易于实现.在实验上实现了40 Gbit/s的OOK到OFSK的全光码型转换,并对其转换特性进行了实验研究.     

基于GMPLS的光码标记交换研究

本文首先介绍了光网络的发展状况，对比基于波长和光码的标记交换网络技术，然后对光码标记交换实现进行仿真实验研究，指出该技术的应用将为实现全光网络通信奠定理论和技术基础。     

配备光缓存的OBS核心路由器性能分析

光突发交换(Optical Burst Switching,OBS)网络是下一代IP over WDM全光网络的发展趋势.文章主要研究并分析了OBS网络中配备有光缓存的核心路由器性能,给出了突发数据分组阻塞率、输出端口占用率、排队时延等性能参数.所得结果对0BS网络理论研究进行了一定的补充.     

路由器发展现状与未来

随着信息技术的发展，路由器在现代IP网络中扮演着越来越重要的角色。路由器硬件体系结构大致经历了6代。未来路由器更多的功能将以硬件方式来实现，使用交换背扳、并行处理、光交换／路由等新技术，并支持各种无线接人。从软件角度看，路由器各层协议将全面支持IPv6协议，QoS和安全功能大大增强，可以充分发挥多播优势，并使用专用、高效、可靠、稳定的操作系统作为基础平台。可以预见，下一代网络将是以IPv6光交换／路由器为核心的简单、高效、可靠的全光信息网络。     

光纤延迟线编/解码器的研究

在光码分多址（ＣＤＭＡ）通信中,光延迟线编／解码器是实现全光编／解码的关键技术．本文对并行结构的光纤延迟线编／编码器的原理及构造方法进行了分析,并给出相应的实验结果。     

问与答

1、标记交换技术是怎样工作的？可在ATM以外的媒体上运行吗？答：简单地说，标记交换（TagSwitching）就是通过把数据链路层交换的性能和流量管理功能与网络层路由的扩展性和灵活性结合起来，从而扩展了Internet和Intranet．标记交换使得处在网络边缘的路由器能够将简单的标记加到包上，而网络核心的设备则与这些标记保持一致。网络核心中的标记交换可由交换机执行，如ATM交换机，也可由现有的路由器执行。这些系统将运行标记交换软件，这种软件采用标记分布协议（TagDistributionProtocol）与网络边缘的标记路由器通信。形象地说，标…     

华为在美国光纤通信展览会展示光突发传送网样机

华为近日在美国光纤通信展览会（OFC／NFOEC2011）上发布光突发传送网样机。该样机采用OBTN（光突发传送网）技术,实现了光层的分组调度,支持任意拓扑组网。该样机的成功研制大幅加速了全光交换技术的应用进程。     

Design issues of optical IP routers for Internet backboneapplications

The rapid increase of Internet traffic is pushing the deployment of WDM technology in the next-generation high-speed Internet backbone. Routers in the backbone could still be the potential bottleneck. In this article we consider some design issues of high-throughput optical routers which combine the advantages of WDM with the new optical switching technology. We first introduce a proposed Internet architecture based on the optical burst switching mechanism. Some important design issues in optical buffering and control function are addressed which are expected to have significant effects on router performance. Numerical results of a simulation study are also presented along with discussions     

High-Performance Hybrid-Switching Optical Router for IP over WDM Integration

Because pure electrical routers with their bandwidth limitations can hardly keep up with the tremendous traffic growth in the Internet, optical routers based on various optical switching techniques including optical wavelength switching (OWS), optical burst switching (OBS), and optical packet switching (OPS) have been suggested to cope with this problem. However, because OBS and OPS are both in their early experimental phase and OWS only provides coarse granularity switching, a hybrid-switching optical router with combined OWS and electrical packet switching is a necessity in order to accommodate the entire multi-granularity traffic with multi-service requirements in a cost-effective manner. Its coordination capability of optical circuit switching and electrical packet switching enables efficient/intelligent usage of network resources. In this paper, we first review research and developments of such IP routers employing optical switching/interconnection techniques and examine how these techniques can be used inside routers to scale node capacity and to improve optical Internet performance. We also present and study the performance of a terabit optical router with an optical-electrical hybrid-switching fabric. The node architecture is based on the idea of IP over WDM integration with Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS). The network-level performance evaluations show that the proposed hybrid-switching optical router is a cost-effective solution for building the next generation GMPLS-based multi-granularity optical Internet.     

光突发交换中的突发包组装技术研究

光突发交换是近几年出现的一种很有前途的光交换技术，比电路交换灵活，带宽利用率高，又比光分组交换易于实现，突发包的组装是光突发交换的关键技术，在很大程度上影响到光突发交换网络的性能。文中介绍了光突发包的格式，描述了交换网络中突发包组装所需的层次结构和功能结构，并给出了一种典型的生成算法。最后，对选择突发包组装时间应考虑的各种因素进行了系统的分析。     

A Data Burst Assembly Algorithm in Optical Burst Switching Networks

Presently, optical burst switching (OBS) technology is under study as a promising solution for the backbone of the optical Internet in the near future because OBS eliminates the optical buffer problem at the switching node with the help of no optical/electro/optical conversion and guarantees class of service without any buffering. To implement the OBS network, there are a lot of challenging issues to be solved. The edge router, burst offset time management, and burst assembly mechanism are critical issues. In addition, the core router needs data burst and control header packet scheduling, a protection and restoration mechanism, and a contention resolution scheme. In this paper, we focus on the burst assembly mechanism. We present a novel data burst generation algorithm that uses hysteresis characteristics in the queueing model for the ingress edge node in optical burst switching networks. Simulation with Poisson and self‐similar traffic models shows that this algorithm adaptively changes the data burst size according to the offered load and offers high average data burst utilization with a lower timer operation. It also reduces the possibility of a continuous blocking problem in the bandwidth reservation request, limits the maximum queueing delay, and minimizes the required burst size by lifting up data burst utilization for bursty input IP traffic.     

未来光网络中的交换路由器

IP业务的爆炸式增长与DWDM技术的突飞猛进为新的WDM网络直接承载IP业务创造了条件。光交换和交换路由器的发展提供一种集成了智能IP路由技术和大容量光交换网络的交换路由器模型。这种交换路由器支持高QoS保证 ,简化了光核心网络结构 ,是近期光联网的理想解决方案     

基于标签的光突发交换网络

先进的OBS(optical burst switching)技术和MPLS的强大控制能力结合产生了一种灵活紧凑的IP/DWDM集成模型LOBS.(labeled optical burst switching).它充分发挥了电子处理的高智能和光子交换的大容量优势,是未来数据网络的理想光交换方案.文中从OBS技术的优越性开始,分析了LOBS实现的网络结构和控制协议,探讨了LOBS流量工程和网络生存性.     

未来光因特网中的光交换方式及其发展趋势

Internet的业务流量正以每六个月翻一番的速度快速增长,未来网络中,数据业务超过话音业务只是时间问题,因此,基于电路交换的电信网升级到支持基于分组交换的数据业务是不可避免的,但是对因特网来说,由于光逻辑与光存储等器件不成熟,发展全光分组交换,技术上异常困难。另一方面,近来新提出的光突发交换,技术上相对简单,性能特点优异,因而成为更理想的选择,本文介绍了全光分组交换和光突发交换的研究现状,比较了两者的优缺点,最后指出改进光突发交换性能的两种方式。     

High-capacity multiservice optical label switching for the next-generation Internet

This article presents an optical label switching technology geared toward the next-generation Internet, and highlights its promising potential to accommodate packet, burst, and circuit traffic in a unified optical layer. In particular, we provide detailed discussions on an architecture design for a high capacity optical label switching router by considering enabling optical technologies. In pursuit of an effective contention resolution scheme, we investigate an end-to-end solution by incorporating a traffic shaping function at the network edge with wavelength, time, and space dimensions contention resolution in the core network. Experimental results indicate that this scheme is capable of achieving very low packet loss rates. Furthermore, due to its natural compatibility with GMPLS architecture, optical label switching has great potential for a seamless upgrade of today's optical networks toward the next generation Internet.     

Can communications and sensors work together in one network?

With the development of both optical fiber-based communication and sensation, one interesting topic has been pointed out. How to connect those mountains of sensors to detect the signal in a large area, and how to make the cost of sensing system lower enough should be studied. A network of sensors is a good option. All sensing equipments, including the interrogators and the sensors, will be internetworking together. However, fiber optic communication networks have been developed very well over the past two decades. Is it necessary to rebuild a new network for sensors? In this paper, some new technologies in the two areas of fiber optic sensors and fiber optic communication will be addressed. Then, the available overlay architecture of a fiber optic sensors network will be presented. Finally, a polymorphous optical burst switching (POBS)-based architecture will be proposed, which can support all kinds of services, including digital data optical circuit/burst/packet switching and analog fiber optic sensor signal circuit/burst switching, etc.     

太比特路由器交换网络中路由算法的研究

太比特路由器在未来宽带网络建设中将发挥越来越重要的作用.作为其核心部件,大容量高性能交换网络是实现太比特路由器的关键技术之一,而交换网络中路由算法设计的优劣将直接影响交换网络的性能.本文从状态信息、路由策略、死锁活锁避免、服务质量路由和容错路由等五方面对交换网络路由算法设计进行了分析总结,最后展望了未来发展趋势.