喷射成形6061铝合金的显微组织与力学性能研究

研究了喷射成形6061铝合金的显微组织和力学性能,并与熔铸成形6061铝合金进行对比。结果表明,喷射成形6061铝合金显微组织较好,但由于其还未进行致密化处理,组织内存在一定的孔隙,各项拉伸性能低于熔铸成形6061铝合金。     

铸造锌铝合金的研究进展及其应用

回顾了锌铝合金的研究历史，并详述了锌铝合金的成分、显微组织与性能的关系，以及变质、晶粒细化、热处理和其它工艺对锌铝合金的性能和组织结构的影响，最后介绍了铸造锌铝合金的应用，并对锌铝合金的发展趋势作了展望。     

等温锻造速率对7085铝合金组织与性能的影响

高强度铝合金是航空航天工业的主要结构材料,本文通过研究7085铝合金的等温锻造工艺,建立等温锻造速率与铝合金组织、性能的关系.通过室温力学性能测试、剥落腐蚀及电导率测试,结合光学显微镜和扫描电镜分析,研究370℃下不同等温锻造速率对7085铝合金组织与性能的影响.结果表明:高速锻造时,出现明显的再结晶现象;中速锻造时,...     

重大西南铝研制出航空航天用高性能高强铝合金

正重庆大学和西南铝业集团有限公司携手参与的重庆市科技计划应用技术研发重大项目"航空航天用高性能高强铝合金关键技术及产业化"顺利通过市科委组织的专家验收。该项目先后突破了铸造组织表征及冶金缺陷规范标准、7050铝合金轧制工艺控制、7085铝合金形变热处理组织与性能的定量关系等多项关键技术,并建成了7050铝合金超厚板和7085铝合金自由锻件生产线,具备年产1万吨铝合金超厚板和1千件铝合金锻件的生产能力。     

Fe和Cu元素对电气用8030铝合金性能的影响

Fe和Cu是8030铝合金中最主要的两种合金化元素。为了探究8030铝合金中Fe和Cu的合理含量及其强化机制,试验采用连铸连轧、拉制和退火工艺制备了不同Fe和Cu含量的8030铝合金,分析了Fe和Cu对8030铝合金铸态组织、形变组织、力学性能和导电性能的影响,并对不同成分的8030铝合金的强度、伸长率和电阻率进行了研究。结果表明:合理的Fe和Cu含量可以获得细小的合金铸态组织,并在后续加工过程中形成织构组织和弥散分布的第二相,提高合金强度的同时,保证塑性和导电性能;当Fe的质量分数为0.45%、Cu的质量分数为0.22%时,8030铝合金有较好的综合性能。     

铝合金材料在车辆轻量化中的应用

铝合金材料是车辆轻量化的主导材料之一,可以提高车身的性能和质量,为此研究铝合金材料在车辆轻量化中的应用。从波及效果上来看,将铝合金应用在车架和车轮上,可以有效减轻车身的质量。从化学成分和生产工艺上看,主元素含量可以改善铝合金的金相组织,实现最佳的性能匹配和耐腐蚀性能较好的材料,改变汽车运动性能。     

无铅易切削铝合金挤压棒材的组织与性能研究

用锡、铋替代铅制备了2011和6026两种无铅易切削的铝合金挤压棒材,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机和车床等手段研究了这两种无铅易切削铝合金挤压棒材的显微组织、拉伸力学性能与切削加工性能。结果表明:2011铝合金挤压棒材的显微组织由α-Al、CuAl_2、Al_7Cu_2Fe和SnBi共晶相组成,6026铝合金挤压棒材的显微组织由α-Al、Mg_2Si、CuAl_2和SnBi共晶相组成。两种无铅易切削铝合金挤压棒材都具有良好的切削加工性能和拉伸力学性能。2011铝合金挤压棒材的抗拉强度为486.1 MPa,屈服强度为421.5 MPa,伸长率为10.4%;6026铝合金挤压棒材的抗拉强度为358.7 MPa,屈服强度为296.4 MPa,伸长率为13.8%。     

通过受控凝固生产高温铝合金的方法

本专利提供一种通过成分设计和凝固速率控制相结合的受控凝固来生产高温铝合金的方法，同时还可以提高铝合金的加工性能和多用性，用于较宽范围的高温应用。该铝合金含有1．0％-20．0％稀土元素，可有助于提高铝合金的高温强度。通过受控凝固明显改善其显微组织均匀性和细化晶粒，并能提供用于特殊铸造条件的最佳组织及性能。     

4032变形铝合金热处理制度研究

通过对4032高硅变形铝合金热处理制度的研究,获得了4032铝合金最佳热处理工艺,使棒材性能和低倍组织满足相应的标准需求。     

4032变形铝合金热处理制度研究

通过对4032高硅变形铝合金的热处理制度研究,获得了4032铝合金最佳热处理工艺,该制度使棒材性能、低倍组织满足相应的标准需求。     

Hydrogen Fixation Effect of Rare Earths in Pure Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys

The areal distribution of some elements in the rare earth bearing spheroidal phases in pure aluminium andAl-Mn alloys was studied by SIMS(secondary ion mass spectrometry).The results show that cerium,iron.silicon and hydrogen are significantly segregated in the phases.Thus the existence of hydrogen-rich rare earthbearing eompounds is confirmed.It indicates that the rare earths have a hydrogen fixation effect in aluminiumand aluminium alloys.     

稀土在铝及铝合金中的作用

依据文献综合介绍了稀土对铝及铝合金的力学性能、热学性能、光学性能、电学性能、耐腐蚀性能和工艺性能的影响,探讨了稀土在铝及铝合金中净化、变质和合金化作用的微观机理,讨论了稀土铝合金发展中存在的问题。     

The Rare Earth Aluminium Alloys in China

The development and application of rare earth aluminium alloys began in the 1960s in China.The represen-tative work was the usage of rare earth metals in alumino-silicon alloys for piston.In the 1970s,its initial stage.rare earths were used in enhanced AIMgSi alloy transmission line and FeCr Al alloy electric heating wire.Duringits developing period(from 1980 to 1985),in the field of smelting,after the electrolytic preparation of RE-Almaster alloys at relatively low temperature,a new technique was invented that rare earth compounds were addedto commercial aluminium electrowinning cell to produce RE-Al alloys directly.It opened the way for the appli-cation of rare earths in industry on a large scale.In the field of application,it was found that the addition ofrare earths could improve the conductivity and processing property of aluminium alloys.The application of rareearths to aluminium conductors and products had made a breakthrough progress.Since 1986,its golden age,thestudy,production and application of aluminium alloys containing rare earths have been developing at an amazingspeed,running neck and neck with the application of RE in agriculture,textile dyeing,and cast iron.     

Effects of RE on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Extruded AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

Effects of rare earth (RE) additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of the wrought AZ31 magnesium alloy were investigated. The results show that, by adding 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.0% RE elements, the as-cast microstructure can be refined, and the as-cast alloys‘ elongation and tensile strength can be improved. After extrusion, the alloy with 0.3 % and 0.6% RE additions obtain a finer microstructure and the best mechanical properties, but the alloy with 1.0% RE addition has the coarse A1-RE compound particles in grain boundaries which decreased elongation and tensile properties. Usually, Rare earth (RE) elements were used to improve the creep properties of aluminium-containing magnesium pressure die cast alloys at elevated temperatures. In this paper, it is also found that the high temperature strength of extruded materials can be increased by RE elements additions.     

Modification Mechanism of Rare Earth Elements in ZA27 Casting Alloys

The model of the liquid-phase ZA27 alloys was set up by molecular dynamics theory. The atomic structure of phase, RE-compounds, and the phase-liquid interface in ZA27 alloys were constructed by computer programming. Electronic structures of phase with rare earth elements dissolved and of phase-liquid interfaces with rare earth elements enrichment in ZA27 casting alloys were investigated by using the Recursion method. The ESE energy of RE elements and the structure energy of RE-compounds, phase, and the liquid-phase ZA27 alloys were calculated. The results show that rare earth elements are more stable to be in the phase interface than in phase, which explains the fact of very small solid solubility of rare earth elements in phase, and the enrichment in the solid-liquid growth front. This makes dendrite melt and break down, dissociate and propagate. RE-compounds can act as heterogeneous nuclei for phase, leading to phase refinement. All above elucidates the modification mechanism of rare earth elements in zinc-aluminum casting alloys, at electronic level.     

Effect of Cerium on the Properties of CuPNiSn Amorphous Alloys

CuPNiSn amorphous alloys are good brazing materials at medium temperature for replacementof silver bearing brazing materials.The crystallization temperature,wettability,tensile strength of Cu-Cujoints and the microstructure of joints for three compositional series are reported.Some rare earth elementswere added in two series.It has been found that grains are refined and the tensile strengths increase as in-creasing rare earth content.The results also show that the brittle fracture turns to plastic one for the jointswith reducing amount of(Ni+Sn),and the tensile strength is increased.     

稀土元素Y对粉末冶金2A12铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

在铝合金粉末中添加质量分数为0、0.2%、0.4%及0.6%的稀土元素Y, 利用粉末冶金法制备2A12铝合金。通过金相组织观察、X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微形貌表征、能谱分析及力学性能测试等手段, 研究了稀土元素Y对粉末冶金2A12铝合金组织和性能的影响, 总结了Y在铝合金中的分布特征。结果表明, 当稀土元素Y的质量分数为0.2%时, 2A12铝合金抗拉强度最高, 塑性最好; 添加Y可以抑制铝合金晶粒在烧结过程中的长大; 稀土元素Y主要以YAl相、Cu₂Y相和YAl₂相的形式分布在基体晶界处, 少量Y固溶在铝基体中。     

非水溶剂电还原制取重稀土金属及合金的研究现状及发展

随着重稀土元素对铝、镁、铜、镍及钢铁等金属材料的功能化作用被广泛关注,使得作为战略性资源的重稀土元素在金属合金材料的应用领域拓展空间巨大.在此背景下,作为改性元素的重稀土金属及合金的市场需求必然猛增.由于重稀土单质自身的高熔点,混熔法、真空热还原法一直是生产制备重稀土金属及合金的主要方法,寻求一条低成本、高效、绿色的制备方法则至关重要.由于熔盐电化学还原法在生产低熔点轻稀土及合金工艺方面具有经济、高效等优势,近年来,通过熔盐电解方式直接制取低熔点的重稀土合金成为国内外学者研究的热点,从目前取得进展来看,具有广阔的发展前景.针对国内外重稀土金属及合金的熔盐电解法制取的研究现状进行了评述,从体系物理化学性质、电极过程机理、模拟计算等几个方面做了简要的总结和分析,以期对重稀土合金材料的制备研究提供有益的帮助.      

铜铬系合金研究和发展现状

铜及铜合金材料广泛应用于电子信息、电气控制、电力传输及轨道交通等领域,随着科技进步和社会发展,对高强度、高导电同时兼备耐热、耐蚀、抗应力松弛等高性能铜合金材料的需求十分迫切。目前,铜铬系合金被认为是综合性能最优异的铜合金之一。本文简要回顾了铜铬系合金的发展历史,总结了其应用现状,重点探讨了稀土元素以及Hf, Ag, Ti, In, Mg, Zr和Sn的添加对铜铬系合金组织及性能的影响规律,并按照单一元素添加、复合元素添加、稀土元素添加的方式,分别讨论了稀土元素以及Ti, Mg, Mg与Si, Ni与Si等对铜铬锆合金组织和性能的影响。通过对文献的整理发现,微量合金元素的添加可明显改善铜铬合金强度与导电匹配性,并提高合金抗软化温度。此外,添加多元微量元素对性能的提升要优于单一元素,若匹配以合适的变形加工和热处理工艺,更易获得理想材料。今后,可以在铜铬锆合金基础上添加稀土元素,找到适宜的添加量以达到在最大化提高强度与抗软化温度的同时最小化影响其导电率。     

稀土变质剂对铸造铝合金性能的影响

采用正变试验法，探讨了稀土变质剂对铸造结合金ZL102性能提高的可行性．试验选用了不同的稀土添加量，考察了不同的变质时间及热处理制度对ZL102的强度、硬度、流动性以及重熔性等性能的综合影响规律．试验表明，稀土是铸造铝合金的优良变质剂，并且添加单一稀土的变质效果优于混合稀土．