2006年中国钽铌工业发展述评

评述了2006年中国钽铌工业的运行状况.在世界钽铌产品总需求持续增长的带动下,中国钽铌工业也呈现出良好的增长势头,总产值达到17.82亿元,销售收入达到18.15亿元,与2005年相比分别增长了23.58%和20%.中国电容器用钽粉和钽丝的质量已接近国际先进水平,产量已分别占世界产量的21%和56%以上,出口总量达到总产量的90%以上.最后分析了中国钽铌工业发展中存在的突出问题,并提出了促进行业发展的措施.     

2005年中国钽铌工业的统计与分析

2005年,世界钽铌工业总需求保持稳步增长.在世界消费类电子产品持续增长的带动下,中国钽铌工业也出现了明显的增长势头,总产值达到14.42亿元,与2004年比增长了11.09%.宁夏东方有色金属集团有限公司开发的150 000 μFV/g电容器级钽粉已供用户试用,并且研制出了适合目前铌电容器使用的80 000～100 000 μFV/g高比容铌粉及Nb0粉.2005年,世界铌粉、丝、制品市场需求呈现大幅增长,中国电容器级钽粉、丝的出口量都达到了总产量的85%以上,加工制品出口量也达到了75%以上.     

钽铌工业生产及其展望

简述了钽、铌工业生产的新进展,重点介绍了钽、铌矿和钽、铌产品的生产技术进步和应用现状;分析了钽、铌产品的市场结构和价格走势,最后展望了钽、铌工业生产的未来发展.     

中国钽铌工业的进步与展望

文章简要地回顾了九○五厂钽铌工业发展历程，并与世界钽铌工业作了对比分析。以详实的资料和基础数据，清晰地描述了我国钽铌工业发展现状和技术发展历程及其在世界钽铌工业发展中所处的地位和竞争能力；充分阐明了我国稀有金属钽铌资源及其在冶炼、加工技术领域中所存在的问题和面临的形势。从国家安全角度及行业整体发展的高度，提出了对国内稀有金属钽铌行业进行重组整合和积极开发国外资源的可持续发展的战略构想。     

钽铌资源及中国钽铌工业的发展

详细综述了国内外钽铌资源的储量、特点、品位和分布及世界钽铌产品的结构、消耗数量及应用领域.着重介绍了我国钽铌在采矿、选矿、冶金和钽铌金属加工方面的技术进步和创新.最后作者对我国钽铌事业的发展提出了建设性的意见.     

美国3年来钽铌进口情况述评

依据英国金属网公布的2003年、2004年、2005年第1季度美国钽铌原料和制品进口统计数据,评述了美国钽铌市场的状况,着重关注了中国向美国出口钽铌的情况.     

高技术产品用无源元件与中国钽工业发展

世界高技术产品市场总体看呈增长趋势,预计2020年销售额将比2000年翻一番.以高技术产品为主要应用领域的电阻、电容、电感等无源元件,也将随着高技术产业的发展呈现出良好的市场前景,但是钽电容器市场近几年表现出骤涨急落的发展态势.由于钽电容器产能过剩,且面临着被替代的威协,因此价格将无法返回到2000年以前的水平,并呈现整体持续走低的趋势.中国的钽工业发展应注重提高企业自身的综合竞争力,加强企业间的沟通、交流与合作,维护我国钽工业的整体利益,增强环保意识,做好国外转移到我国的初级产品和低端产品生产的环保工作.     

近3年来日本钽铌进出口状况

总结了亚洲金属网公布的有关日本2003年、2004年及2005年1月～5月钽铌原料与制品的进出口统计数据,分析了日本钽铌市场的状况.预计2005年日本钽的总需求量为331 t,同此下降6.5%     

钽铌电子材料新进展(Ⅰ)

代表中国钽铌工业整体水平的宁夏东方有色金属集团有限公司,近年来,研究了钽粉的微观结构,开发出降低杂质含量,改善物理性能等新技术以及Ta2O5钠还原制取高比容钽粉、TaCl5低温钠还原制取纳米级钽粉的新工艺方法;研制并生产出性能优良的、适用于钽电容器的高比容钽粉,同时也开发了高比容铌粉、一氧化铌粉的制造新技术,制得高性能的电容器级铌粉和一氧化铌粉,为铌电容器作为一种新型电容器产业参与竞争提供了优质的基础材料.     

钽铌电子材料新进展(Ⅱ)

代表中国钽铌工业整体水平的宁夏东方有色金属集团有限公司,近年来,研究了钽粉的微观结构,开发出降低杂质含量、改善物理性能等新技术以及钠还原Ta2O5制取高比容钽粉、低温钠TaCl5还原制取纳米级钽粉的新工艺方法;研制并生产出性能优良的、适用于钽电容器的高比容钽粉,同时也开发了高比容铌粉、一氧化铌粉的制造新技术,制得高性能的电容器级铌粉和一氧化铌粉,为铌电容器作为一种新型电容器产业参与竞争提供了优质的基础材料.     

Gender differences in publication productivity in psychology in India

An analysis of gender differences in psychology in India provides quantitative and qualitative assessment of R&D output contributed by psychologists with the indication of the trend of growth, skewness, relatedness, co-authorship pattern of productivity.     

Metrology in Chemistry in Germany

The system for Metrology in Chemistry in Germany is described. At the national standards level, a network of high-level chemistry institutes coordinated by the national metrology institute, PTB, provides the primary references for chemical measurements. A dissemination mechanism employs chemical calibration laboratories accredited within the framework of the German Calibration Service (DKD). They act as “multipliers” between the national standards level and the user level by providing the user with calibration means which are traceable to the SI via national standards. Traceability structures in clinical chemistry, electrochemistry, elemental analysis and gas analysis are described     

Natural radioactivity in drinking water in private wells in Finland

Natural radioactivity in drinking water was determined in population-based random study of 472 private wells. The mean concentrations of (222)Rn, (226)Ra, (234)U, (238)U, (210)Pb and (210)Po in drilled wells were 460, 0.05, 0.35, 0.26, 0.04 and 0.05 Bq l(-1), and in wells dug in the soil were 50, 0.016, 0.02, 0.015, 0.013 and 0.007 Bq l(-1), respectively. Approximately 10% of the drilled wells exceeded a radon concentration of 1000 Bq l(-1) and 18% a uranium concentration of 15 microg l(-1). The mean annual effective dose from natural radionuclides for a drilled well user was 0.4 mSv and 0.05 mSv for a user of a well dug in the soil. The effective dose arising from (222)Rn was 75% of the total of all natural radionuclides for drilled well users. As regards long-lived radionuclides, (210)Po and (210)Pb caused the largest portion of the effective dose. The dose arising from (238)U, (234)U and (226)Ra was only 8% of the total of all natural radionuclides.     

Natural radioactivity in drinking water in private wells in Finland

Radiation Protection Dosimetry     

Optische in situ Schichtdickenmessung in Bedampfungsanlagen. Optical in situ film thickness monitoring in coating systems

Optical film thickness monitoring is more precise than crystal monitoring. The optical measurement makes use of the fact that the intensity of a monochromatic light beam which is reflected on a film will change periodically with increasing film thickness. The measurement is performed at an exchangeable test glass that is positioned beside the substrates and is therefore coated in the same way as the substrates. The accuracy of cut‐off is achieved by a “fit” of a theoretical curve shape to the measured values. Order filters are used to ensure that, at a certain wavelength, higher deflection orders do not influence the measurement when a monochromator grating is used.     

沈阳市采标工作经验谈

一、采标工作的主要经验做法和取得的成绩（一）领导重视，机构健全是采标工作的有力组织保证沈阳市在消灭无标生产工作中，先后成立了区、县人民政府消灭无标生产工作领导小组，消灭无标生产工作阶段性完成后，根据国家质检总局要求相继改为标准化工作领导小组，领导小组由主管区长挂帅，各职能部门主要领导参加，为采标工作的开展提供了坚实的组织保证，并纷纷出台了一些保障措施。围绕实施名牌产品战略，市政府明确要求，在评选名牌产品时，产品必须首先采标，然后方可有资格参加名牌产品的评选。我们坚持对申报评选的产品进行跟踪，能够…     

Flow-Induced Instabilities in Pump-Turbines in China

The stability of pump-turbines is of great importance to the operation of pumped storage power (PSP) stations. Both hydraulic instabilities and operational instabilities have been reported in PSP stations in China. In order to provide a reference to the engineers and scientists working on pump-turbines, this paper summarizes the hydraulic instabilities and performance characteristics that promote the operational instabilities encountered in pump-turbine operations in China. Definitions, analytical methods, numerical and experimental studies, and main results are clarified. Precautions and countermeasures are also provided based on a literature review. The gaps between present studies and the need for engineering practice are pointed out.