MCSM:一种基于移动设备的上下文感知中间件

提出一种针对移动设备的上下文感知中间件MCSM(Mobile Context Sensing Middleware).MCSM可以动态地感知当前移动设备的内外部计算环境及用户活动等上下文信息,并以统一的接口将感知到的上下文数据提供给上层应用程序.为了克服外部传感器数据的高异构性,MCSM采用了一种基于XML的上下文数据描述语言CDDL.基于MCSM的原型系统表明,MCSM具有良好的运行效率和可扩展性,并可显著提高上下文应用程序的开发效率.     

支持移动计算的上下文感知中间件

随着移动计算和普适计算领域的不断发展,其已经对移动应用开发提出了新的挑战.与固定网络计算不同,移动计算在无线环境中运行,资源有限且环境时刻变动,应用需要感知并能适应环境变化.所以,在对上下文感知机制进行分析研究的基础上,本文提出了一个上下文感知中间件体系结构.     

面向普适环境的上下文感知中间件研究

针对普适环境下上下文感知计算需求,引入广义模型化理论,建立了一种面向通用环境资源的上下文信息数据模型;在此基础上,提出了上下文感知中间件体系框架,并详细阐述了其构件化的实施方案。该中间件平台的上下文获取层能够封装各类感知器捕获的资源信息,中间处理层负责信息的管理、推理和聚合,基于门面模式的上下文访问层提供同步和异步相结合的上下文信息统一访问入口。通过实验测试了平台的时间损耗,表明该中间件可提供通用的上下文感知服务且具有较好的系统性能。     

基于上下文感知移动中间件的研究与设计

移动环境和设备的限制,给移动开发带来了挑战。移动中间件能够为移动应用开发提供了一个很好的基础平台。叙述了自适应机制在中间件层实现的必要性,分析了传统面向对象中间件应用在移动计算环境中的不足。根据移动应用的需求,提出了一个基于上下文感知的移动中间件体系结构。     

基于本体的上下文感知中间件框架

上下文感知是普适计算的核心技术之一,而描述和理解上下文信息是上下文感知的前提.由于上下文信息种类繁多、感知方式迥异,目前开发面向特定应用的上下文感知系统缺乏统一的机制和通用的架构,增加了系统开发的成本.引入语义Web技术,利用本体对上下文信息进行建模,采用本体描述语言描述上下文模型,提供了一个公共的上下文本体以实现多个独立开发的上下文感知系统对知识的共享和推理,构建了通用的上下文感知中间件框架,从而实现对域内上下文知识的共同理解.     

一种普适医疗环境下的上下文感知中间件

普适医疗环境具有异构设备多且需动态加入或退出、医疗术语关联复杂等特点,现有上下文感知中间件在上下文发现和接入、上下文知识管理等方面尚有不足。基于本体对上下文信息建模和推理,提出一种适用于普适医疗环境的上下文感知中间件,该中间件采用集中式架构、用UPnP作为上下文发现和接入方法,还讨论了该中间件在智能病房典型场景中的应用。     

普适计算环境下基于中间件的上下文质量管理框架研究

随着信息技术的快速发展,分布式计算技术逐渐向普适计算技术演化,从而达到信息空间和物理空间融合的最终目标,为用户提供普适的智能化服务。为了达到这个目标,一个主要的困难就是如何有效地连续监测、才甫获与解释环境相关的上下文信息来确保精确的上下文感知性。很多研究者已先后投身于上下文感知的普适应用的研究工作中,但大多数往往直接针对原始上下文进行处理,没有考虑上下文质量(QoC)的影响。因此,提出了一种基于中间件的上下文质量管理框架,即通过上下文的质量门阂管理、重复与不一致的上下文丢弃等不同层次的控制机制,为上下文感知服务和应用用户提供有效而可靠的上下文服务。     

基于本体的上下文感知中间件框架

上下文感知是普适计算的核心技术之一,而描述和理解上下文信息是上下文感知的前提。由于上下文信息种类繁多、感知方式迥异,目前开发面向特定应用的上下文感知系统缺乏统一的机制和通用的架构,增加了系统开发的成本。引入语义Web技术,利用本体对上下文信息进行建模,采用本体描述语言描述上下文模型,提供了一个公共的上下文本体以实现多个独立开发的上下文感知系统对知识的共享和推理,构建了通用的上下文感知中间件框架,从而实现对域内上下文知识的共同理解。     

支持上下文感知应用程序的动态自适应中间件框架

上下文感知计算是当前开发和部署智能应用不可或缺的关键技术之一。上下文能否在计算中真正发挥其作用,主要取决于两方面：一是如何连续稳定地从动态交互环境中获取高质量上下文,二是如何推理上下文并制定适应决策。为了实现上述目标,设计了一个分层的中间件框架,该中间件能够根据上下文质量参数,动态地选择能提供高质量上下文的信息源,并对这些原始上下文进行预处理和推理,进而自动地制定适应决策为用户提供合适的服务。实验测试了平台的性能,并与同类系统进行了比较,结果表明该中间件能够快速有效地支持上下文感知应用的开发部署,并且在计算性能方面有显著提高。     

泛在网下基于上下文感知的虚拟终端技术研究

泛在网络环境下,业务提供必须根据网络和终端条件、用户偏好的变化而自适应地变化。因此,文中阐述了虚拟终端中的上下文感知功能,其为泛在多样性业务的开发提供了不可或缺的信息来源。提出一种应用于虚拟终端系统的上下文感知中间件体系结构,该中间件可以将各类应用场景中终端环境的特征参数进行抽象,形成可获知、可描述的上下文。提出应用该上下文感知技术的业务应用模型。最后通过一个多媒体业务接续场景对上述定义、抽象方法和业务模型进行验证。结果表明,该方法可以有效地为泛在多样性业务提取所需的上下文信息;通过该模型,业务平台和多构终端环境可以进行动态适配,为用户提供多样性和最佳体验的服务。     

A middleware for a tabletop procedure-aware information display

In this article, we propose a middleware that supports a developer to build tabletop information display systems. We focus on an application that projects information close to a particular object on a table. To let a user focus on his/her primary task, the information is presented based on a current phase in a procedure, which we call procedure-awareness. Here, a current phase is recognized through the utilization of objects. The proposed middleware separates information from acquisition and presentation mechanisms: sensors for operational context recognition, sensors for object identification/tracking for “nearby presentation”, and projecting information near an object. A developer just needs to write a set of rules, i.e. application logic, that represent contents for particular operational contexts. Also, by implementing appropriate handlers, any content can be provided. We present the design and the implementation of the middleware and validate the expressiveness of application logics through prototype development.     

An adaptive middleware framework for context-aware applications

We describe a middleware framework for the adaptive delivery of context information to context-aware applications. The framework abstracts the applications from the sensors that provide context. Further applications define utility functions on the quality of context attributes that describe the context providers. Then, given multiple alternatives for providing the same type of context, the middleware applies the utility function to each alternative and choose the one with maximum utility. By allowing applications to delegate the selection of context source to the middleware, our middleware can implement autonomic properties, such as self-configuration when new context providers appear and resilience to failures of context providers.

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Providing user context for mobile and social networking applications

The processing capabilities of mobile devices coupled with portable and wearable sensors provide the basis for new context-aware services and applications tailored to the user environment and daily activities. In this article, we describe the approach developed within the UPCASE project, which makes use of sensors available in the mobile device as well as sensors externally connected via Bluetooth to provide user contexts. We describe the system architecture from sensor data acquisition to feature extraction, context inference and the publication of context information in web-centered servers that support well-known social networking services. In the current prototype, context inference is based on decision trees to learn and to identify contexts dynamically at run-time, but the middleware allows the integration of different inference engines if necessary. Experimental results in a real-world setting suggest that the proposed solution is a promising approach to provide user context to local mobile applications as well as to network-level applications such as social networking services.     

基于设计树模板的产品外观风格定制研究

为满足客户对产品外观的个性化定制需求,提出了产品外观风格特征的量化描述方法,构造了设计树来组织和管理设计方案的几何数据信息和风格信息,并给出了产品外观模板的形式化描述和建立方法。在此基础上,建立了基于设计树模板的产品外观风格定制系统的模型,介绍了基于CAD平台二次开发的、COM组件结合中间件的开发方案。     

基于QoS需求的数据连接中间件原型研究

对松散耦合的分布式信息系统以及Web应用提出了一种带QoS（Quality of Service）需求的数据连接中间件原型。在改善了多用户对数据库连接访问性能的同时,引入数据库连接权限的概念,采用剥夺式连接方式,更加有效的实现了在中间层对用户连接进行维护和管理。     

EgoSpaces: facilitating rapid development of context-aware mobile applications

Today's mobile applications require constant adaptation to their changing environments, or contexts. Technological advances have increased the pervasiveness of mobile computing devices such as laptops, handhelds, and embedded sensors. The sheer amount of context information available for adaptation places a heightened burden on application developers as they must manage and utilize vast amounts of data from diverse sources. Facilitating programming in this data-rich environment requires a middleware that provides context information to applications in an abstract form. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of such a middleware that allows programmers to focus on high-level interactions among programs and to employ declarative abstract context specifications in settings that exhibit transient interactions with opportunistically encountered components. We also discuss the novel context-aware abstractions the middleware provides and the programming knowledge necessary to write applications using it. Finally, we provide examples demonstrating the infrastructure's ability to support differing tasks from a wide variety of application domains.     

面向普适计算的动态自适应中间件模型

为了提高普适计算系统的开发效率, 设计了一个基于OSGi框架的动态普适计算中间件模型. 该中间件模型以OSGi框架为基础, 建立移动管理器管理用户和服务的移动, 利用上下文管理器来管理上下文, 动态调整自己的行为, 支持上下文感知应用. 通过标准的接口实现各种异构普适设备间的互操作性. 实验结果表明该中间件能够满足通用普适计算环境的要求, 对于普适计算系统的开发具有一定的借鉴意义.     

MIMOSA: context-aware adaptation for ubiquitous web access

The ubiquitous computing scenario is characterized by heterogeneity of devices used to access services, and by frequent changes in the user’s context. Hence, adaptation according to the user’s context and the used devices is necessary to allow mobile users to efficiently exploit Internet-based services. In this paper, we present a distributed framework, named MIMOSA, that couples a middleware for context-awareness with an intermediary-based architecture for content adaptation. MIMOSA provides an effective and efficient solution for the adaptation of Internet services on the basis of a comprehensive notion of context, by means of techniques for aggregating context data from distributed sources, deriving complex contextual situations from raw sensor data, evaluating adaptation policies, and solving possible conflicts. The middleware allows programmers to modularly build complex adaptive services starting from simple ones, and includes tools for assisting the user in declaring her preferences, as well as mechanisms for detecting incorrect system behaviors due to a wrong choice of adaptation policies. The effectiveness and efficiency of MIMOSA are shown through the development of a prototype adaptive service, and by extensive experimental evaluations.