置氢TC4钛合金等温锻造叶片组织演变规律

为了降低钛合金叶片的锻造温度和改善其组织性能,基于氢致钛合金高温增塑机理,将热氢处理技术应用于钛合金叶片的等温锻造成形工艺中.观察和对比分析了未置氢TC4钛合金和置氢TC4钛合金叶片等温锻造后的组织以及真空除氢热处理和普通热处理工艺下的组织演变.实验结果表明:置氢降低了TC4钛合金叶片的等温锻造载荷,除氢热处理后组织得到改善,获得了含有细小、等轴α晶粒的双态组织.确定了置氢量为0.25%(质量分数)的TC4钛合金适宜的热处理工艺为:锻后在750℃真空脱氢保温5h,900℃退火1h后再450℃时效4h.     

挤压温度对固相再生ZM6镁合金组织和性能的影响

利用固相再生方法在挤压比为25：1的条件下,将ZM6镁合金屑分别在350℃、400℃、450℃和500℃温度下制备成试样,进行微观组织观察和力学性能测试。结果表明：当挤压温度为400℃时,ZM6耐热镁合金没有发生再结晶,合金中金属化合物在挤压过程中被打碎,均匀分布在基体中;当挤压温度为450℃和500℃时,ZM6镁合金发生部分动态再结晶;随着挤压温度的提高,合金的抗拉强度和延伸率提高;在挤压温度为500℃,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为300．2MPa、142．9MPa和30％。合金室温拉伸断口主要表现为穿晶韧窝断裂。     

时效态Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-Sc合金的组织与疲劳性能

为了研究时效处理对Al-7.2Zn-2.5Mg-1.5Cu-0.08Zr-0.12Sc合金的组织与疲劳性能的影响,利用透射电子显微镜对合金的显微组织进行了观察分析,并针对不同时效状态的合金进行了低周疲劳实验.结果表明,经过150℃×6 h时效处理后,合金晶内析出相较少,晶界无析出相;经过150℃×36 h时效处理后,合金晶内析出相较为细小,并呈弥散分布,同时晶界析出断续分布的平衡相,并存在晶界无析出带;经过150℃×48 h时效处理后,合金的析出相均已长大,且晶界无析出带发生宽化.经过150℃×36 h时效处理后的合金,表现出了较高的循环变形抗力与较长的低周疲劳寿命;不同时效状态合金的塑性应变幅、弹性应变幅与载荷反向周次之间,以及循环应力幅与塑性应变幅之间均呈线性关系.     

锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的摩擦学性能研究

选用医用锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金材料,利用UMT-II型摩擦磨损试验机,综合考察并比较了不同载荷条件下,25%小牛血清润滑时的摩擦磨损性能,分析了磨损机理.实验结果表明：锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的物相主要由α-CoCr和ε-CoCr固溶体相组成.锻造合金含有较高的α-CoCr相,铸造合金则含有较高的ε-CoCr相,锻造合金的显微硬度略高于铸造合金.25%小牛血清润滑条件下,不同载荷条件下锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的摩擦系数具有相同的变化规律.低载荷时,锻造CoCrMo合金的摩擦系数略高于铸造合金,高载荷时,二者的摩擦系数相当.锻造和铸造CoCrMo合金的磨损皆为混合磨损机制,即犁沟磨损为主,并伴有磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损.     

退火处理对Ti-Zr-Cu-Be块体非晶合金力学性能的影响

采用铜模铸造法制备了直径为2mm的Ti55-xZr10+xBe27.5Cu7.5(x=0,10,20)块体非晶合金,并对其进行等温退火处理.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差氏扫描量热仪(DSC)及压缩试验等方法研究了非晶合金的相结构、显微组织和热稳定性,以及退火处理对其力学性能的影响.结果表明:该系列合金在553 K及583 K下保温长达5 h时间内依然表现为非晶态.退火处理后,Ti35Zr30Be27.5Cu7.5合金屈服强度、断裂强度均提到了提高,其中在583 K下保温1 h后屈服强度、断裂强度分别达到了1 921、2 169 MPa;其塑性由处理前的3.47%提高到了6.57%.Ti45Zr20Be27.5Cu7.5合金在退火后其力学性能变化不明显.Ti55Zr10Be27.5Cu7.5合金随着退火温度及保温时间的增加其屈服强度、断裂强度及塑性均明显降低.     

晶粒细化对半固态Al-7%Si合金流变行为的影响

研究了化学晶粒细化对半固态亚共晶Al-7%Si合金流变行为的影响，添加细化剂为K2TiF6、
K2TiF6+石墨、K2TiF6 + Ti以及Al5TiB，采用Couette同轴圆筒式黏度计测量合金的表观黏度变化，并观
测在不同固相质量分数下试样的微观组织。实验结果表明，化学细化法可有效细化晶粒，明显改善半固态
Al-7%Si合金的流变性能，大大降低其表观黏度；Al5TiB细化效果最明显，K2TiF6 和石墨或Ti的组合较单
一的K2TiF6细化效果显著。     

Effects of HIPing pressure on microstructures and properties of TiAl alloy

ＴｉＡｌａｌｌｏｙｉｓａｃａｎｄｉｄａｔｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｆｏｒａｄｖａｎｃｅｄａｅｒｏｓｐａｃｅａｉｒｆｒａｍｅｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｉｔｓｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ,ｇｏｏｄｏｘｉｄａ ｔｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄｈｉｇｈｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｔｈｉｇｈｔｅｍ ｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ.Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｉｔｓｌｏｗｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｌｅｄｕｃｔｉｌｉｔｙａｔａｍｂｉｅｎｔｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｉｓｈｉｎｄｅｒｉｎｇｉｔｆｒｏｍｂｅｉｎｇｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄ[1,2 ] .Ｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｓｅｍｅ…     

制备方法对Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金显微组织和相变行为的影响

采用常规铸造和快速凝固两种合金制备方法,分别制备出化学成分为Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20的合金体材料和合金薄带,利用XRD(X射线衍射仪)、TEM(透射电子显微镜)、DSC(差示扫描量热仪)等手段研究这两种制备方法对Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金的马氏体相变行为和显微组织方面的影响。实验结果表明,经500℃退火1h处理后,Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金薄带中出现大量B19马氏体和少量Ti2Ni析出相,而固溶后的Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金体材料只存在B19马氏体,同时相比于体材料,薄带的B19马氏体衍射峰强度减小及B19晶格常数a、b增大,而c减小;Ti50.2Ni29.8Cu20合金薄带的马氏体相变温度Ms比体材料的马氏体相变温度Ms低,且薄带的热滞△T也比体材料小。     

Microstructural characterizations and mechanical properties of Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xCu alloys

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xCu（x=0wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt% and 2.0wt%） alloys were studied by OM, Pandat software, XRD, SEM, DSC and a standard universal testing machine. The experimental results indicate that adding Cu to TAZ811 alloy leads to the formation of the AlMgCu and Cu3 Sn phases. Tensile tests indicate that yield strength increases fi rstly and then decreases with increasing Cu content. The alloy with the addition of 1.5wt% Cu exhibits optimal mechanical properties among the studied alloys. The improved mechanical properties can be ascribed to the second phase strengthening and fi ne-grain strengthening mechanisms resulting from the more dispersed second phases and smaller grain size, respectively. The decrease in ultimate tensile strength and elongation of TAZ811-2.0wt% Cu alloy at room temperature is ascribed to the formation of continuous AlMgCu and coarse Mg2 Sn phases in the liquid state.     

Ti_2AlNb基合金的研究进展

针对Ti2AlNb基合金研究中亟待解决的问题,本文从以下几个方面对Ti2AlNb基合金微观组织与力学性能进行评述：合金成分、相变、锻造与轧制、焊接技术等,旨在更有效地使用Ti2AlNb基合金.     

基于余氏理论及元胞自动机的Ti⁃2Nb合金组织模拟

钛合金因具有高强度、低密度、耐腐蚀等优良性能而广泛应用于航空航天领域,因此从理论上研究钛合金组织演变规律对新型钛合金的定量设计十分必要。利用余氏理论计算价电子结构参数,结合元胞自动机规则,建立了Ti?2Nb合金β相组织模拟方法,对Ti?2Nb合金在1 000、1 050、1 100、1 150、1 200 ℃固溶时的微观组织进行了模拟。结果表明,该模型能够将相结构单元与β相组织形核长大建立关联;β相组织形核点数量与固溶温度的定量关系式可以通过余氏理论计算的相结构单元结合能进行表征;β相组织的晶粒尺寸随固溶时间的演变可以通过模拟步长建立关联。研究结果可为合金成分、制备工艺、组织、性能定量关系的建立提供可借鉴的思路。     

Ti-6Al-2Zr-15Ni合金固溶过程中Ti2Ni相的形貌变化

利用光镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射术观察和分析了Ti-6Al-2Zr-15Ni合金在不同温度固溶处理后的显微组织．该合金的铸态组织由枝晶和枝晶间共晶组成,枝晶为Ti2Ni纤维和仅基体组成的共析组织,枝晶间共晶由棒状α相和Ti2Ni基体组成．固溶处理时Ti2Ni相的形貌和尺寸发生了明显变化．850℃以下固溶,随固溶温度的升高,纤维状的Ti2Ni发生了熔断,粒化和粗化等过程．900℃固溶时,枝晶内仪相转变为β相,Ti2Ni溶解,枝晶间α/Ti：Ni共晶组织转变为半连续Ti2Ni相分布于晶界．随温度的升高,晶界Ti2Ni球化,并在960℃时发生多边化,970℃时多边形Ti2Ni的棱角钝化．     

过共品铸造Al-Si—Cu—Mg—Fe合金组织性能研究

通过正交试验和单因素试验,考察了Cu、Mg、Zn、Ni和Fe对Al—18Si过共晶铝硅合金室温及高温（350℃）力学性能的影响规律,利用光学金相显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDX）对合金中富Cu相、富Fe相的组织组成进行了分析．结果表明：Cu、Mg是提高AI-18Si过共晶铝硅舍金室温及高温强度的主要因素;Zn含量增加明显降低合金350℃时的高温强度,改善合金的室温和高温延伸率;Fe降低合金的室温强度,显著提高合金的高温强度;当Cr：Fe=0．35：1,Mn：Cr=2：1,含铁0．8％～1．2％时,Al-18Si-4．0Cu-0．7Mg-0．2Zn-1.0Ni-（0．8～1．2）Fe合金力学性能σb（25℃））310MPa,延伸率受（25℃）≥0．75%,σb（350℃）〉130MPa,延伸率δs（35℃）〉1．5％;合金中富铜相主要以块状Al。Cu相和白灰色花卉状A15Si。cu2Mg8相存在,富铁相主要以三叶草状、树枝状和棒状Al5Si（Cr,Mn,Fe）相存在．     

Preparation and High Temperature Oxidation Properties of Micro-Crystalline MGH754 ODS Alloy Coatings

A special coating technique, electro-spark deposition (ESD), was developed to produce micro-crystalline ODS MGH754 alloy coatings on a commercial ICrl8NigTi stainless steel and a cast Ni20Cr alloy substrates. The coatings have a very fine grain structure and metallurgical bonding with the substrates. The isothermal oxidation tests at 1000 ℃ in air showed that the micro-crystalline ODS alloy coatings had a much reduced oxidation rate and improved scale spallation resistance compared with the uncoated alloys. The selective oxidation of Cr was greatly promoted to form protective and continuous Cr2O3, scales on the alloy surface. Micro-crystallization and oxide dispersions have synergistic effects on the improvement of oxidation resistance. The beneficial effects were discussed based on the experimental results.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of a bulk nanostructured Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

A bulk nanostructured Al-10.0Zn-2.8Mg-1.8Cu alloy was synthesized by cryomilling first and then by spark plasma sintering (SPS), and the effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of this alloy were studied. Most MgZn_2 particles with a coarse size lie on the grain boundaries of the SPS-processed sample. After solid solution and artificial aging,fine spherical-like MgZn_2 particles precipitate uniformly in the grain interiors. No obvious grain growth is found after the heat treatment. A nanoindentation study indicates that no clear change is found in the Yong's modulus of the nanostructured alloy after the heat treatment.However, the hardness of the nanostructured alloy increases by about 33% after the heat treatment, which is attributed to the effect of precipitation-hardening.     

Effect of solid-solution temperature on the microstructure of Fe-Ni based high strength low thermal expansion （HSLTE） alloy

The influence of solid-solution temperature on the dissolution of carbide precipitates, the average grain size and the microhardness of the austenite matrix in an Fe-Ni based high strength low thermal expansion （HSLTE） alloy was investigated to obtain the proper temperature range of the solid-solution process. The XRD analysis, microstructure observations, and the theoretical calculations showed that the Mo-rich M2C-type precipitates in the Fe-Ni based HSLTE alloy dissolve completely at about 1100℃. The average grain size of the studied alloys increases from 14 to 46 μm in the temperature range of 1050 to 1200℃. The microhardness of the matrix decreases gust for the sake of solid-solution treatment, but then increases later with increasing solution temperature because of the solution strengthening effect.     

As-cast microstructure,mechanical properties and casting fluidity of ZA84 magnesium alloy containing TiC

The as-cast microstructure, mechanical properties and casting fluidity of ZA84 alloy containing TiC were investigated. The experimental results indicate that adding 0.5wt%TiC to ZA84 alloy can refine the as-cast microstructure, and do not cause the formation of any new phase. After 0.5wt%TiC was added to the ZA84 alloy, the morphology of ternary phases on the grain boundaries changed from coarse quasi-continuous net to fine disconnected net, and the distribution of ternary phases became dispersive and homogeneous. At the same time, the tensile properties of ZA84＋0.5TiC alloy at room temperature were comparable to those of AZ91D alloy, and were higher than those of ZA84 alloy. At 150 ℃, the tensile and creep properties of ZA84＋0.5TiC alloy were also higher than those of ZA84 and AZ91D alloys. In addition, compared with the AZ91D alloy, the casting fluidity of ZA84＋0.5TiC alloy was slightly poor, but better than that of ZA84 alloy. The reason could be related to the effect of TiC on the solidification temperature range of ZA84 alloy.     

改型GH4133A合金长期时效的组织稳定性研究

采用显微组织观察和图像分析等方法,研究了改型GH4133A合金在650,700和750℃下长期时效过程中的组织变化.结果表明：在650℃和700℃下时效过程中,合金的组织变化规律一致,组织具有良好的稳定性.而在750℃时效时,500 h后开始出现η相.随时效时间增长,η相进一步析出、变长和粗化,由晶界向晶内生长;γ′相和M23C6数量增加;MC型碳化物则减少.     

Instability of TiC and TiAl3 compounds in Al-10Mg and Al-5Cu alloys by addition of Al-Ti-C master alloy

The performance of Al-Ti-C master alloy in refining Al-10Mg and Al-5Cu alloys was studied by using electron probe micro-analyzer （EPMA） and X-ray diffractometer （XRD） analysis. The results indicate that there are obvious fading phenomena in both Al-10Mg and Al-5Cu alloys with the addition of Al-5Ti-0.4C refiner which contains TiC and TiAl3 compounds. Mg element has no influence on the stability of TiC and TiAl3, while TiC particles in Al-10Mg alloy react with Al to form Al4C3 particles, resulting in the refinement fading. However, TiC particles are relatively stable in Al-5Cu alloy, while TiAl3 phase reacts with Al2Cu to produce a new phase Ti（Al, Cu）2, which is responsible for the refinement fading in Al-5Cu alloy. These indicate that the refinement fading will not occur only when both the TiC particles and TiAl3 compound of Al-Ti-C refiner are stable in Al alloys.     

Ti-Fe-Cu合金的制备与性能

采用铜模吸铸法制备直径为3,6 mm的Ti64Fe18Cu18,Ti68Fe18Cu16,Ti70Fe18Cu12和Ti74Fe18Cu84种Ti-Fe-Cu合金圆棒,通过X射线衍射仪和光学显微镜观察该合金样品的微观组织结构,并对其进行压缩实验和抗腐蚀性能测试,研究合金样品的力学性能、抗氧化性能及耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:制备的Ti-Fe-Cu合金相主要是由立方cp2 Ti(Fe,Cu)金属间化合物和bccβTi固溶体组成;随着Cu含量的减少,Ti-Fe-Cu合金硬度和室温塑性逐渐增大,且最大压缩塑可达18%;此合金具有良好的抗氧化和抗腐蚀性能,与传统的Ti-6Al-4V合金相比,其制造成本更低,性能更优异。