蒙脱石对改性硅酸盐富锌防腐涂料性能的影响

为了提高富锌防腐涂料的综合性能,以硅丙乳液、硅溶胶、氢氧化钾、鳞片状锌粉为主要原料,分别添加经HOOC(CH2)17NH+3有机改性的蒙脱石与无机蒙脱石作为抗沉剂,制备改性的硅酸钾水性无机富锌防腐涂料.探讨了蒙脱石种类和用量对富锌涂料涂层性能、表面形貌及耐蚀性的影响.结果表明:采用有机蒙脱石作为抗沉剂的富锌防腐涂料的综合性能优于未添加抗沉剂的涂料,而后者的综合性能优于采用无机蒙脱石作为抗沉剂的涂料.当以加入量为涂料总质量的0.3%的有机蒙脱石作为抗沉剂时,所配制的涂料涂层表面平整、致密且机械性能以及耐腐蚀性能优异,是一种绿色长效的防腐涂料.     

油田管道用纳米TiO_2改性防腐涂料的研究

制备了TiO2:改性防腐涂料,并对其性能进行了实验研究.结果表明,当纳米粒子添加量为3%时,防腐材料的常规性能、耐磨擦性及耐腐蚀性都得到了较大的提高.说明纳米TiO2对改善石油管道防腐涂料的性能具有重要作用.     

白铜超疏水表面的构建及耐蚀性能的研究

超疏水膜具有良好的防腐蚀性能,能够有效地延长金属制品的使用寿命,提高经济效益.选取白铜作为研究对象,采用化学刻蚀氧化自组装法进行超疏水膜表面的制备.通过交流阻抗和极化曲线法,在模拟海水条件下,利用三电极体系对超疏水表面的耐蚀性能进行了研究和测定.结果表明,所制备的白铜超疏水表面的接触角达到了154°,在3.5%的NaCl溶液中的缓蚀效率有99.1%,具备较高的超疏水性能和耐蚀性能,且其表面具有微纳米级的树枝状结构.     

地下水强酸盐复合腐蚀环境下不同矿物掺合料对水泥砂浆耐腐蚀性能的影响

模拟了贵州地区地下水强酸盐复合腐蚀环境,系统研究了粉煤灰、矿渣粉和硅灰3种矿物掺合料单掺与复掺对水泥砂浆耐腐蚀性能,如耐蚀系数、质量变化率、氯离子相对扩散系数的影响规律,并探讨了地下水强酸盐复合腐蚀环境下水泥砂浆的腐蚀机理。结果表明,与基准砂浆相比,单掺与复掺矿物掺合料均提高了砂浆的耐蚀系数,降低了砂浆后期氯离子相对扩散系数,但增大了砂浆质量损失率。这3项指标从不同角度反映了地下水复合腐蚀环境下水泥砂浆的耐腐蚀性能。     

新型岩石相似材料的研制

在研究了国内外近几十年岩土工程中常用的相似材料的研究现状,并分析了它们优缺点的基础上.通过试验测定不同水灰比和橡胶粉取代率时,改性水泥砂浆的表观密度、抗压强度、弹性模量和劈拉强度等物理力学性能的变化情况,总结这些物理参数随橡胶粉取代率、水灰比的变化规律,获得一种新型岩石相似材料.结果证明,这种新型岩石相似材料能很好地满足相似材料的选材要求,是一种比较理想的岩石相似材料,值得在其他模型试验中推广.     

粉煤灰陶粒制备轻质高强混凝土的试验研究

以粉煤灰和页岩陶粒为基本原料制备轻质高强混凝土(High-strength light weight concrete, HSLC), 考察了水 灰比、轻集料等对试块性能的影响。结果表明, 在轻集料强度一定的条件下, HSLC 的抗压强度会随水灰比的增加而 提高; 在一定的水灰比下, 轻集料的强度对HSLC 的强度起决定性作用。此外, 原材料中适当添加减轻剂漂珠可以降 低混凝土试块的表观密度; 所用不同品种的水泥也会对混凝土试块的抗压强度产生一定的影响。     

聚合物水泥混凝土复合材料的研究

用通用型不饱和聚脂树脂与助剂,制得聚合物水泥混凝土复合材料^[1,2]。探讨了本范围各种配合材料聚合物水泥混凝土复合材料凝结时间、强度的影响,拌合工艺对其性能的影响,确定了该复合材料最佳配合比范围。     

铝酸钙水泥对氧化镁系包埋料性能的影响

以铝酸钙水泥作为结合剂、电熔氧化镁和电熔白刚玉作为原料以及刚玉球作为混磨介质,在聚氨酯滚筒中混磨2h后制得氧化镁系包埋料,研究结合剂铝酸钙水泥含量对氧化镁系包埋料性能的影响。结果表明,随着铝酸钙水泥含量的增加,氧化镁系包埋料的初凝时间缩短,流动性变差;对比110℃热处理试样,经900℃热处理试样显气孔率上升,体积密度下降。当铝酸钙水泥含量大于20％时,铝酸钙水泥的加入可明显地提高氧化镁系包埋料的耐压强度。     

低碱低掺混凝土膨胀剂的试验研究

利用不同的原料配制了多组低碱低掺型混凝土膨胀剂．测定了各膨胀剂的膨胀性能及其对水泥物理力学性能的影响．利用SEM分析了掺膨胀剂水泥的水化产物、结构和形貌．研究结果表明,利用SA熟料、无水石膏、煤矸石和硅铝质矿物原料配制的膨胀剂具有良好的膨胀性能,并对水泥的物理力学性能无不良影响;掺膨胀剂水泥在一定时期内会持续形成大量的呈交又生长的针状钙矾石,它们填充在孔隙内,使水泥石结构致密．     

New pattern Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating technics for steel structure sustainable design

Based on the advanced integrated technology of materials preparation and formation, a new pattern ZnAl-Mg-RE anti-corrosion coating for steel structure sustainable design was manufactured by cored wires and high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) technologies. The developments of thermally sprayed coatings for steel structure protection were described. Based on Al, Zn, Zn-Al and Zn-Al-Mg coatings, the anti-corrosion properties of new-pattern Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating were evaluated through electrochemical methods including electrochemical polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) coupled with SEM and XRD. The models of Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating undergoing corrosion with the initial pinhole defect and the latter with accelerated products were also discussed. The results show that Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating exhibites excellent corrosion resistance for long-term immersion, which is helpful for the sustainable design of steel structure in aggressive corrosion conditions. And the corrosion products seem to possess certain self-sealing function.     

赤泥复合硅酸盐水泥的力学性能及其放射性研究

研究了不同赤泥掺量的赤泥复合硅酸盐水泥的力学性能和放射性.研究结果表明：赤泥的内照射指数IRa=2.05,外照射指数Ir=3.27,都大于1,超过国家标准允许值的范围,不经处理不能直接用作建筑材料.赤泥复合硅酸盐水泥的力学性能随着赤泥掺量的增加而下降,且复合水泥经水化固化后其放射性得到有效的调控.当赤泥掺量不大于20%时,复合水泥符合42.5等级水泥的要求,且其内照射指数和外照射指数均小于1,作为建筑材料使用不受限制.     

Thermal evaluation of the injectable liquid metal bone cement in orthopedic treatment

The thermophysical properties of bone cement are important parameters for its application in the orthopedic treatment. This article focused on the thermal evaluation of the low-melting-point metal(Bi In Sn alloy), which has been proved to be an excellent bone cement. Firstly, the basic thermophysical properties of Bi In Sn alloys with different melting points were measured.Secondly, 15 fresh porcine femurs placed in the saline bath, bone cements with different melting points and amounts were injected into the bone cavities, respectively. Thermocouples were used to measure the temperature changes of the bone-cement interface and peripheral bone tissue. The possibility of thermal necrosis was evaluated. Moreover, a three-dimensional human knee model was built to numerically assess the effects of thermal parameters, such as melting point and latent heat on tissue temperature distribution. All the experimental and numerical results implied the heat distribution in the tissue depended on the thermal performances of liquid metal bone cement(LMBC). For LMBC of the same melting point, with increased amounts, the damage to the bone tissue is more severe, while for the same amount of different melting point LMBCs, with the higher melting point, which will lead to more serious damage to the tissue. Also, higher latent heat of LMBC has distinct longer solidification process, which may cause irreversible damage to surrounding tissues. Therefore, in the future, for different clinical surgery needs, the appropriate liquid metal bone cement can be obtained by adjusting the thermal parameters.     

A Blended Cement Containing Blast Furnace Slag and Phosphorous Slag

Blended cement comaining blast furnace slag( BFS ) and phosphorous slag( PS) is a new kind of cement. The total content of blended materials could increase if two additives were used. Using the same admixtures , the properties of the blended cement with 70% additives could reach the standard of 525-grade slag cement according to GB. The strength of cement with 80% additives could reach the standard of 425-grade slag cement. The tests of strength, pore structure, hydration products, inhibiting alkali-aggregate reaction, resistance to sulfate corrosion of BFS-PSC were performed.     

掺纳米白炭黑对新拌和硬化水泥基材料性能的影响

通过TEM,SEM,BET和激光粒度分析测试,对比研究了沉淀法纳米白炭黑(precipitated silica,PS)与纳米SiO2微粉(nano-silica powder,NS)的纳米特性及其团聚特性,并通过流变、凝结时间、强度和氯离子渗透深度测定,研究了掺PS和NS对新拌和硬化水泥基材料性能的影响及机理.结果表明:PS的团聚程度远大于NS,未经球磨分散处理时呈双峰粒度分布,团聚颗粒粒径很大,D50和D90分别高达58.187 μm和105.326 μm,大大超过52.5水泥的颗粒粒度.NS掺量低于1.0％时对水泥净浆稠度影响不大,但PS掺量对净浆稠度有明显影响,低于0.75％时缓慢增长,超过1％时则明显增大.掺PS和NS均可促进水泥水化,在1.0％掺量范围内,随PS掺量增加,水泥砂浆的强度和抗氯离子渗透性能均可得以有效改善.     

New pattern Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating technics for steel structure sustainable design

Based on the advanced integrated technology of materials preparation and formation, a new pattern Zn-Al-Mg-RE anti-corrosion coating for steel structure sustainable design was manufactured by cored wires and high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) technologies. The developments of thermally sprayed coatings for steel structure protection were described. Based on Al, Zn, Zn-Al and Zn-Al-Mg coatings, the anti-corrosion properties of new-pattern Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating were evaluated through electrochemical methods including electrochemical polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) coupled with SEM and XRD. The models of Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating undergoing corrosion with the initial pinhole defect and the latter with accelerated products were also discussed. The results show that Zn-Al-Mg-RE coating exhibites excellent corrosion resistance for long-term immersion, which is helpful for the sustainable design of steel structure in aggressive corrosion conditions. And the corrosion products seem to possess certain self-sealing function. Foundation item: Project (50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

淬火处理对激光选区熔化成形S136组织与性能的影响

为了改善激光选区熔化（SLM）成形S136模具钢的性能,对SLM成形的试样进行淬火处理. 采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM),研究淬火温度对SLM成形S136的微观组织、硬度和耐腐蚀性能的影响. 结果表明：SLM成形的S136试样组织由马氏体和少量残余奥氏体组成,经过980、1 020、1 050和1 100 °C的淬火处理之后,原晶界消溶,组织大部分转变为马氏体;淬火处理后试样的硬度得到改善,最高值达到54.24 HRC,比原始成形试样提高了近10%;淬火处理后试样原晶界消溶,耐腐蚀性元素分布均匀使得耐腐蚀性能得到了极大的提升,与原始成形试样相比,腐蚀失重量减少了近97%. 优化淬火处理工艺后表明：采用1 050 °C保温1 h并油淬的淬火处理条件,可以得到最佳的硬度/耐蚀性能匹配.     

玄武岩纤维超高性能混凝土力学性能试验

为了降低超高性能混凝土中水泥的用量,制备绿色超高性能混凝土,研究了玄武岩纤维对超高性能混凝土力学性能的影响,提出了力学性能最优的低水泥用量超高性能混凝土配合比和玄武岩纤维的最佳掺量.采用粉煤灰和硅灰以不同比例组合作为水泥的替代材料制备超高性能混凝土,分析了添加纤维和不添加纤维试件的和易性、力学性能和微观结构.结果表明,当粉煤灰和硅灰混杂替代水泥比例达50%时,其力学性能与原试件强度相当;掺加0.1%玄武岩纤维的试件其力学性能高于掺加0.2%和0.3%纤维和没有掺加纤维试件的力学性能.     

粉煤灰为原料的高铁水泥熟料的实验研究

本文用粉煤灰完全替代粘土原料,运用正交试验方法,探索研制符合国家标准的高强水泥熟料的最佳配料方案及煅烧制度;利用X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜及岩相检验等测试手段对所得熟料和水泥水化试样进行测试,得出了“高铁”、低温烧成的优选方案,探讨了各种因素对熟料质量的影响。     

纤维水镁石对水泥硬化浆体力学性能的影响

采用SEM,XRD和电阻率测定仪研究了纤维水镁石对硅酸盐水泥硬化浆体的力学增强机理。结果表明,由于添加具有高拉伸强度和高杨氏模量的纤维水镁石,在水泥硬化浆体原有网络结构的基础上又建立了一个新的网络结构,改进了基体材料的界面结构,同时,纤维水镁石和水泥基体材料同属极性物质,在水化开始后水镁石纤维表面被水化产物C-S-H凝胶所覆盖,表明其具有良好的物理相溶性,这种双重作用提高了水泥硬化浆体的物理力学性能。     

高强度复合硅酸盐水泥的研制

研究了一种高强度复合硅酸盐水泥.利用矿渣和硅质渣制备一种高强度的复合硅酸盐水泥,探讨不同掺量对水泥性能的影响,获得水泥基材料性能的互补效应.研究混合材对复合水泥体系的化学成分与物理性能的影响.通过对试验数据的分析,获得最优的混合材配比方案.