中国制冷学会制冷专业技术资格认证工作即将开始

2005年4月15日。中国制冷学会制冷专业技术资格认证委员会专家组会议在学会会议室举行。会议介绍了中国制冷学会制冷专业技术资格认证工作情况：宣布了制冷专业技术资格认证委员会专家组名单：讨论和通过了关于制冷专业技术资格认证专家组工作条例、制冷专业技术人员继续教育科目体系和制冷专业技术资格认证考试大纲等：制定了专家组今年工作的重点即考试命题工作、研究继续教育系列教材的编写和其它。     

认真贯彻实施2000版标准加强认证管理中的专业能力控制

一、认真领会理解认可规范要求 ,提高认证机构对专业能力管理的重视程度在认可规范中多处强调了认证机构专业范围和专业能力的管理控制要求。认证机构的专业能力管理应包括认可业务范围管理、认证业务范围管理、专业审核能力管理和专业管理能力的管理等多方面。其中专业审核能力指审核组针对特定供方所涉及专业的审核实验能力。专业管理能力指认证机构管理者在合同评审、审核组织建立 (包括初次审核和监督审核 )和认证决定各阶段的专业判断能力。目前认可委对各认证机构的认可业务范围进行评定的核心重点是认证机构是否具备了相应的专业管理…     

职业院校焊接专业教学改革实践探索

文章通过对职业院校焊接专业的建设以及教学改革的实践,针对职业院校焊接专业的特点,提出了职业院校焊接专业教学方法和教学模式改革的重要性,探讨了职业院校焊接专业教学改革的思想与具体措施,并以焊接专业的教学改革为例阐述了教学改革的实施方案。     

联邦德国真空技术培训教育概况

联邦德国的真空技术培训教育活动频繁，内容丰富，形式多样。本文概括地介绍了 联邦德国各高等学校与真空技术专业有关的课程开设、各专业技术协会和真空技术专业 公司举办的各类学术活动和专业技术培训教育情况。     

以现代服务业为依托的艺术设计专业群建设的改革与实践——浙江商业职业技术学院艺术设计专业群建设的探索

高职艺术设计专业群建设是专业建设的重要内容,笔者阐述了以现代服务业为依托,进行艺术设计专业群建设的意义,提出了设计专业群建设的目标、思路和建设的途径,对高职艺术设计专业群的建设具有一定的借鉴意义.     

房地产经营与估价专业建设与发展方向探讨

房地产经营与估价专业是一个交叉型、复合型专业,在专业建设和专业规划方面还存在一系列有待明确的问题。本文分析了房地产经营与估价专业的学科属性、培养目标和社会竞争力。探讨了我校房地产经营与估价专业的培养目标、专业归属定位与社会需求之间存在的差距,提出了专业建设与发展策略。本文认为房地产经营与估价专业毕业生社会竞争力是本专业建设与发展的立足点,强化学生核心职业技能训练,形成他校竞争力对手难以模仿的独特性。     

浅谈高职院校商务日语专业建设

分析了高校院校商务日语专业建设和改革的重要性,并阐述了高职院校商务日语专业建设和改革的途径,旨在为高职院校商务日语专业的发展提供参考。     

电类专业职业能力和专业考核体系的建立

文章分析了电类专业职业能力和专业考核体系的当前现状及问题分析？,提出了建立职业能力和专业考核体系的必要性,以及电类专业职业能力和专业考核体系的建立原则。     

浅析机电专业实验实训研究

当前我国机电专业实验实训存在着一系列的问题,本文分析了高职高专机电专业现状对于机电专业骨干课程职业能力训练的要求,探讨了高职机电专业实验实训体系改革的内容和方法。     

汽车类专业建设思路的探讨

以<汽车检测与维修技术>专业为例,通过人才需求调研,分析、论证等环节,提出专业建设原则和思路,并进行探索与实践,搭建了该专业的课程体系,有效保证了高技能人才专业培养.     

航线运输驾驶员转场训练网络优化设计

为了改进传统航线运输驾驶员转场训练网络设计方法的不足之处,以降低转场训练网络的设计总成本,构建了包含源发弧、始发弧、衔接弧和到达弧在内的转场训练路径衔接网络,并利用计算机深度遍历算法获取各类转场训练科目的可行训练路径集合,然后以训练基地选址和流经各转场训练路径上的航线驾驶员培训数量为决策变量,并综合考虑训练基地设置数量、航线运输驾驶员培训总人数和各训练基地转场训练容量等限制条件,以转场训练网络总成本最小为目标函数,构建转场训练网络优化设计数学模型。算例结果表明,与传统方法相比,该方法将转场训练网络总成本降低了9.18%;通过将空域及机场容量在−30% ~ 30%之间波动,发现转场训练网络中训练基地数量发生变化,并使得网络设计总成本在1.12% ~ −10.67%之间波动。因此,该方法是可行且有效的,能够为飞行航校的转场训练网络设计提供指导。     

前馈神经网络混合训练算法及其应用

介绍了单隐层前馈神经网络的混合训练算法(HFM)和正则化混合训练算法(RHFM),然后将该算法应用于UCI数据库上的实际回归例子中,并将其与BP、NNRW以及FM算法进行了比较.仿真实验表明,HFM算法的收敛速度优于其它几种算法,RHFM算法有较好的泛化性能,而NNRW算法在训练时间上占优,尽管如此,HFM算法在时间上还是大大优于BP算法.说明,混合训练算法是一种有效的算法.     

空间设计中的素描教学

系统地阐述了空间设计艺术中素描教学的独特性,并通过分析这些特点以找出素描教学中必要的5个对应点:细节训练、抽象化构成训练、明暗关系训练、材质训练、视点与角度训练,从现有的僵化素描教学体系中突围出来,搭建空间设计与素描教学的桥梁。     

A framework for understanding the emotional impacts in virtual sport training

The efficiency of motor skill acquisition is crucial for sport training. In sport training, virtual reality technology is an implement that could help athletes adjust their movements more precisely in different tasks. However, while training in a simulated environment, an athlete's emotional needs are often overlooked despite the fact that these needs may affect user's physical performance directly and apparently.

In this work, relevant studies in motor skill learning, the formats of feedback and the emotions in virtual training were thoroughly reviewed. Based on the literature reviewed, a framework of a virtual sport training system is proposed. In the proposed framework, elements of the system were illustrated by highlighting the emotional impacts, which were followed by each feedback during training. It appears that virtual sport training is a promising research direction. It is envisaged that the proposed prototype system would be applicable to cater to athlete's overall experiences.     

约束训练对低温Cu-Al-Mn合金形状记忆性能的影响

利用自制弹簧训练装置对Cu-Al-Mn低温形状记忆合金进行了约束训练，测定了训练前后弹簧低温形变量及马氏体相变点的变化。结果表明：进行适当的约束训练可以有效地提高弹簧的低温形变量，训练次数为30左右达到最好效果。训练对弹簧的马氏体相变点影响不大。     

6 Month Experience with 1 Nurse Training 2 Patients Together for Nightly Home Hemodialysis

Purpose:  Nocturnal home hemodialysis (NHHD, 6–7 times weekly 6–9 h) results in better clinical outcome than conventional 3 times weekly hemodialysis. A good training program for patient and partner is a prequisite for success. We developed a training course for patients and partners.
Methods:  Since December 2001, we trained 20 patients and their partners to perform NHHD in 2 succeeding groups. The first group, consisting of 15 patients and their partners, started a NHHD pilot study. During this pilot study, we improved the training course. The second group of 5 were trained with this improved program. All 5 participants were home hemodialysis patients for over 1 month before starting the NHHD course. First, they learned how to handle the single needle system. Then, they performed single needle hemodialysis for 2 weeks at home. This was followed by an in-center NHHD training, consisting of 4 conventional day-time and 3 long (8 h) nocturnal dialysis treatments. Main targets during this training period are to learn to deal with safety precautions, online monitoring, and special machine features, and to check biochemistry and heparinization during long dialysis. 1 month after the training we evaluated the course with all participants.
Results:  For 9 of 15 couples in the first group, the training appeared to be exhausting. Stress factors were an overloaded program and too little experience with several new skills including needle technique before starting NHHD. The second group started the NHHD training 2 weeks after the single needle training. This second group was pleased with the training protocol.
Conclusion:  The training course for NHHD should not be overloaded. Patients need time to learn new skills before starting NHHD.     

步态康复训练机器人人机交互信息感知系统

针对步态康复训练机器人与患者实时交互的需求，研发了获取人机接触力信息的感知系统。利用拉格朗日法建立包含人体主动力的下肢外骨骼机器人动力学模型，并分析患者下肢运动动作意图，为步态康复训练交互控制提供判断依据。在步态康复训练机器人样机系统上进行了静态、动态测量实验及被动/主动康复训练测量实验，结果表明该感知系统能够满足人机接触力的检测精度要求，能在康复训练中获取人体运动意图，这为步态康复训练机器人的智能交互控制策略研究奠定了基础。     

基于TOC和TRIZ理论的儿童下肢康复训练仪改良设计研究

目的 解决现有儿童下肢康复训练仪难以适配儿童患者、功能性单一及缺乏互动的问题,使儿童下肢康复训练达到更好的训练效果。方法 提出一种基于约束理论（TOC）和发明问题解决理论（TRIZ）的儿童下肢康复训练仪改良设计方法,将TOC理论中的当前现实树和冲突解决图表与TRIZ理论中的冲突解决工具相结合,提出一种针对交互体验问题的基于TOC和TRIZ理论的改良设计方法与流程,并将其应用于儿童下肢康复训练仪的改良设计中。结论 基于TOC和TRIZ理论的儿童下肢康复训练仪改良设计能够显著提高患儿的训练效果,其改良点包括造型和交互体验两个方面。利用VR技术与故事（游戏）情节结合的方式,提高了患儿的训练兴趣和参与意愿;将患儿信息上传至云端数据库,可生成不同的故事（游戏）情节,匹配不同的训练阶段,提高了训练的针对性;智能控件降低了训练过程中对康复师的依懒性,从产品角度缓解了康复师供不应求的现状。     

The effects of range versus nonrange driver training on the accident and conviction frequencies of young drivers

The sample consisted of 2,057 high school students from five California high schools who were assigned randomly either to a traditional driver training program (N = 918) or to an experimental program utilizing a driving range (N = 1,139). Aspects of their performance during driver training were measured, as well as performance on tests required for driver licensing and number of days between training and licensing. In addition, Department of Motor Vehicles files supplied information on their accident and conviction records within the year following the beginning of driver training. Results showed that nonrange students performed significantly better on the following training variables: knowledge posttest (p < 0.01), simulator score (p < 0.01), and driver course grade (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between range and nonrange students on driver licensing test scores or in the amount of time spent in becoming licensed. However, range students had fewer total accidents than nonrange students (p < 0.05) in the year following the beginning of training. Time spent on the range during training was not related to frequency of accidents or convictions for range students. Cost-benefit aspects of range training were discussed. Range training is operationally less expensive than traditional training, but costs of constructing a driving range may vary appreciably.     

Creation and implementation of a customized patent information training program for chemists in a global company

To address a broad company wide education initiative to train non-patent associates on intellectual property related issues, a customized patent information training program targeting discovery chemists was created and implemented.An electronic survey was designed to identify training needs for specific skills pertaining to patents and the patenting process, searching and retrieving patent information, and interpreting search results. From the results of the survey, a training program consisting of several modules was developed and marketed globally through the corporate intranet and by using targeted emails. The modules were a series of classroom based training classes that covered the topics of most interest: a) understanding patent families and legal status, b) differences between different types of patent searches, and c) strengths and attributes of different patent databases. The success of the program was clearly evident based on the high response rate, the positive feedback received and by it stimulating communication and collaboration between patent analysts and discovery chemists.Key determining factors in ensuring the success of the program were the support of the training effort by management, face-to-face communication and making the attendees feel that they were contributing to the long term success of the training program.