共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 214 毫秒
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CCS技术可以分为捕集、运输以及封存三个步骤,商业化的二氧化碳捕集已运营了一段时间,已发展得较为成熟,而二氧化碳封存技术还在进行大规模的实验。二氧化碳的捕集方式主要有:燃烧前捕集、富氧燃烧和燃烧后捕集。 相似文献
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《中外能源》2020,(4)
碳捕集与封存(CCS)技术已成为各国政府应对气候变化的一项重要战略选择。目前针对CCS技术的相关研究与文献缺少系统性的归纳与梳理,鉴于此,主要从CCS发展现状、技术运用问题、法律框架以及政策支持和实施建议等方面对现有相关研究进行系统性梳理。目前CCS技术仍处于初期阶段,作为一项新兴技术其发展前景与空间仍然广阔,发展模式与未来规模值得期待。但在CCS推进过程中仍存在很多问题,主要集中在CCS投资成本、CCS法律法规以及CCS运行的安全性等方面。各种二氧化碳捕集方法都可以有效收集二氧化碳,但都存在投资成本大的问题,解决成本问题将是捕集技术能否顺利发展的重要因素。通常二氧化碳的产生源与其封存地多距离遥远,需要进行二氧化碳运输,这个过程被认为是最棘手的问题。阻碍CCS发展的一个重要因素就是投资成本费用较大,这也是企业对投资CCS项目望而却步的重要原因。针对CCS成本费用大的问题,在项目实施时如何进行有效融资也成为发展CCS的重要因素。在CCS发展的初期阶段,政府应给予资金支持,并逐步推进CCS项目商业化发展,不能因短期利益而阻碍该技术的有效性发挥。CCS除了面临技术和成本阻碍以外,在法律法规方面也不完善,各国都应建立更加详细完善且具有可操作性的法律支持。环境侵权的责任制度在发展CCS过程中也是必须解决和明确的。 相似文献
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燃煤电站锅炉二氧化碳捕集封存技术经济性分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
阐述了我国燃煤电站采取二氧化碳捕集封存技术(CCS)的必要性,简述了各种二氧化碳捕集方案,并以350 Mw电站机组为例分析了采取各种方案的经济性,燃烧后捕集碳方法在碳交易费为138元/吨CO2时达到盈亏平衡点.纯氧燃烧在碳交易费为77元/吨CO2时达到盈亏平衡,燃烧后系统强化采油收益为0.06元/kwh,氧燃烧强化采油收益为0.10元/kwh. 相似文献
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CCS(Carbon Capture and Storage)即二氧化碳(CO2)的捕集与封存技术。CCS技术是通过二氧化碳捕集技术,将工业和有关能源产业所生产的二氧化碳分离出来,再通过碳储存手段,将其输送并封存到海底或地下等与大气隔绝的地方。目 相似文献
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燃煤电站富氧燃烧及二氧化碳捕集技术研究现状及发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文对富氧燃烧和二氧化碳捕集技术的节能机理及其带来的社会效益进行了较为详尽的阐述,介绍了富氧燃烧及二氧化碳捕集技术的发展历程及现状,指出富氧燃烧及二氧化碳捕集技术在节能及环保方面将有广阔的前景。 相似文献
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本文介绍了低碳发展的理念和实现路径,分析了CCS技术为低碳发展提供了切实可行的技术基础;介绍了燃烧前捕集、富氧燃烧捕集和燃烧后捕集技术,认为富氧燃烧捕集技术综合效益较高,对于发展低碳经济而言或许是一项技术创新的解决方案。 相似文献
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碳捕捉与封存技术浅论 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
全球变暖已成为国际关注的问题,以全球气温变暖为背景介绍一种新的节能减排技术——二氧化碳捕捉与封存技术(CSS技术)。CCS技术是实现温室气体减排的重要途径之一,具有良好的发展前景,备受发达国家的重视和发展中国家的关注。论述有关二氧化碳捕捉与封存技术各个环节的进展和存在的问题,简要介绍了碳捕捉方面的新技术和CSS的工程应用。 相似文献
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二氧化碳捕获与封存技术进展及存在的问题分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
论述了国内外二氧化碳捕获与封存(CCS)技术的进展,分析了CCS技术发展存在的问题和潜在风险。CCS技术是最具发展潜力的大规模二氧化碳减排技术,世界上许多国家和公司都开展了相关的研究探索与实践工作。预计随着该技术的逐渐成熟,在进一步降低成本、解决可能出现的泄露、公众认知不够等风险与障碍后,应用前景将极为广阔。今后,CCS技术的发展应更重视国际间合作,该技术的应用,可以减缓全球气侯变暖趋势。 相似文献
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温室气体减排已成为炼厂面临的严峻挑战。CO2捕获是具有大规模减排潜力的技术方案,炼厂可在继续使用廉价化石燃料的同时降低排放。目前许多炼厂已在评估从烟道气中捕获CO2的技术,探索经济可行的捕获方案,这些方案主要包括燃烧后捕获、燃烧前捕获和富氧燃烧捕获等。其中,燃烧后捕获技术相对成熟,可对大多数现有装置进行改造,仅需增加简单的后处理设备,缺点是能耗大,CO2浓度较低,难捕获,从胺溶液中释放的CO2达不到碳封存所需的压力;燃烧前捕获方案的优点是CO2浓度较高,压力高,易于回收,降低了压缩成本及负荷,缺点是这种方法主要适用于新装置,因为炼厂现有的气化装置较少,建设投资成本高且需要大量的辅助系统;富氧燃烧捕获方案的优点是烟道气中的CO2浓度非常高,分离容易;缺点是空气分离设备投资很高,冷却的循环烟道气必须保持一定温度。对3种方案评价表明,在CO2总量和浓度最高的排放源进行捕获成本最低,例如当气体中CO2浓度从12%下降到4%时,捕获成本将上升25%以上;燃烧前捕获和富氧燃烧捕获比燃烧后捕获可节约35%~40%的成本。 相似文献
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《Energy Policy》2013
Although a potentially useful climate change mitigation tool, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) efforts in the United States remain mired in demonstration and development. Prior studies suggest numerous reasons for this stagnation. This article empirically assesses those claims. Using an anonymous opinion survey completed by 229 CCS experts, we identified four primary barriers to CCS commercialization: (1) cost and cost recovery, (2) lack of a price signal or financial incentive, (3) long-term liability risks, and (4) lack of a comprehensive regulatory regime. These results give empirical weight to previous studies suggesting that CCS cost (and cost recovery) and liability risks are primary barriers to the technology. However, the need for comprehensive rather than piecemeal CCS regulation represents an emerging concern not previously singled out in the literature. Our results clearly show that the CCS community sees fragmented regulation as one of the most significant barriers to CCS deployment. Specifically, industry is united in its preference for a federal regulatory floor that is subject to state-level administration and sensitive to local conditions. Likewise, CCS experts share broad confidence in the technology's readiness, despite continued calls for commercial-scale demonstration projects before CCS is widely deployed. 相似文献
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The oxy‐coal combustion with carbon dioxide capture and sequestration is among the promising clean coal technologies for reducing CO2 emissions. Because most of oxy‐coal power plants need to cope with energy penalties from air separation and CO2 compressor units, the pressurized combustion is added to reduce the electricity demand for the CCS system, and the waste heat of the pressurized flue gas is recovered by the heat integration technique to increase the power generation from steam turbines. Finally, the efficiency enhancement of a 100 MWe‐scale power plant is successfully validated by Aspen Plus simulation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《Progress in Energy and Combustion Science》2005,31(4):283-307
The awareness of the increase in greenhouse gas emissions has resulted in the development of new technologies with lower emissions and technologies that can accommodate capture and sequestration of carbon dioxide. For existing coal-fired combustion plants there are two main options for CO2 capture: removal of nitrogen from flue gases or removal of nitrogen from air before combustion to obtain a gas stream ready for geo-sequestration. In oxy-fuel combustion, fuel is combusted in pure oxygen rather than air. This technology recycles flue gas back into the furnace to control temperature and makeup the volume of the missing N2 to ensure there is sufficient gas to maintain the temperature and heat flux profiles in the boiler. A further advantage of the technology revealed in pilot-scale tests is substantially reduced NOx emissions. For coal-fired combustion, the technology was suggested in the eighties, however, recent developments have led to a renewed interest in the technology. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research that has been undertaken, gives the status of the technology development and assessments providing comparisons with other power generation options, and suggests research needs. 相似文献
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AbstractThe reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy sources are important national and international targets. Oxyfuel (oxygen combustion technology) is one of the most promising technologies enabling carbon capture and storage from flue gases. The aim of oxyfuel concept development is to study different oxygen production technologies, combustion processes, CO2 capture methods and integrate those to optimised concept. The goal is to create technical readiness for demonstration of oxygen combustion by using state of the art knowledge, experiments, modelling and simulation. Demonstration plan for oxygen combustion for an existing power plant(s) in Finland will be prepared. Main results will be an evaluation of oxygen combustion business potential for implementation in existing and new power plants, and improvement of competitiveness of Finnish companies in energy sector by developing CO2 free power production technologies.Before oxygen combustion can be demonstrated in full scale, small scale testing and model development must be done. Material exposure conditions in oxygen combustion will differ from any present day environment. Current high temperature steel grades have not been developed or tested for such aggressive conditions. VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) has in Jyväskylä unique small scale combustors applicable for oxygen combustion research. 相似文献