选冶联合工艺从钨尾矿及细泥中回收钨的试验研究

研究了采用粗浮选——钨粗精矿直接碱分解的选冶联合流程处理钨尾矿、细泥及浸出渣的工艺,确定了浮选和碱分解的较优实验条件,对传统浸出和微波浸出钨精矿效果作出了客观的评价．结果表明：在选冶联合工艺条件下,WO3品位为0．39％的钨尾矿及细泥经粗浮选、微波辅助碱分解后WO3回收率可达82．6％．微波辅助浸出比传统加热浸出效率高．     

由钨细泥制仲钨酸铵

本文研究了由WO_3含量低(约16％)的钨细泥制取仲钨酸铵的方法,主要包括烧结、浸取、除杂质、萃取、反萃取和蒸发结晶等步骤。确定了合理的原料配比、浸取温度和萃取条件,并提出了改进产品纯度的措施:烧结前预热钨细泥及增加萃取前的酸化过滤,使产品纯度提高约10％。     

光电选矿在黑钨选矿中的使用和发展

本文简要介绍了国外光电分选和辐射分选在锡石、白钨、黑钨和金矿的使用情况,并总结了近几年来我国黑钨选矿中光电选矿的发展及其效果。要提高效益应发展福射分选技术。     

水泥-废旧混凝土细骨料固化海泥的强度和变形特性

选取水泥、废旧混凝土细骨料和海泥为试验材料,通过无侧限抗压强度试验,测定水泥-废旧混凝土细骨料双掺固化海泥（简称双掺固化海泥）的无侧限抗压强度,分析水泥掺量和废旧混凝土细骨料掺量对双掺固化海泥试样无侧限抗压强度的影响,研究双掺固化海泥试样极限应变分布特征。结果表明,本研究中双掺固化海泥试样的无侧限抗压强度随废旧混凝土细骨料掺量的增加而增大,当掺加废旧混凝土细骨料质量与海泥干质量之比为0.12时,无侧限抗压强度提升最明显;试样无侧限抗压强度与水泥掺量呈正相关关系,当掺加水泥质量与海泥干质量之比为0.16时,试样无侧限抗压强度最大。双掺固化海泥极限应变稳定在一个特定区间。     

细泥锡石浮选工艺研究

本文通过对车河细泥锡石回收工艺的分析及经过脱泥与不脱泥工艺的试验研究结果对比,提出了提高细泥锡石综合回收效益的新工艺。     

不同氧化钨氢还原制取超细钨粉

选取相成分单一的氢钨青铜（ＨＴＢ,Ｈ０．３３ＷＯ３）、铵钨青铜（ＡＴＢ,（ＮＨ４）０．５ＷＯ３）、紫钨（ＴＶＯ,ＷＯ２．７２）、黄钨（ＴＹＯ,ＷＯ３）和相成分不单一的蓝钨（ＴＢＯ,含ＷＯ２．９和ＷＯ２．７２两相）作为原料,研究钨原料对制取超细钨粉的影响。结果表明：相成分单一的氧化钨通过氢还原能制取细而均匀的钨粉;紫钨ＷＯ２．７２制得的钨粉细而均匀,分散性好是适合做微晶硬质合金的原料。     

平桂地区中泥盆统过渡层的钨锡分布

通过对中泥盆统信都组和东岗岭组过渡层八条剖面系统的沉积相和地球化学研究表明，本区钨、锡含量较低，钨平均为１．６４×１０－６，锡平均为１．４×１０－６，由砂坪→混合坪－泻湖→凹沟，由台地→台盆，钨、锡含量增高，钨／锡比值降低。综合分析地层中的钨锡分布、岩体的合矿性和矿区异常等特征，过渡层不是钨、锡的矿源层。     

难选煤泥形貌特征及搅拌强化可浮性试验研究

运用扫描电镜（SEM）研究高灰难选煤泥的形貌特征,发现煤泥表面罩盖着大量的异质细泥,煤粒的微细裂隙中嵌布着高灰泥质,这些细泥主要是微米级的高岭土等易泥化的黏土矿物.在此基础上研究了调浆搅拌转速对煤粒的Zeta电位、接触角以及浮选指标的影响.结果表明：搅拌转速的增加,可降低煤粒表面的Zeta电位;强搅拌可清除粗煤粒表面的部分细泥罩盖层,提高煤粒的表面疏水性,最佳搅拌转速为2 200～2 400r/min;在保证精煤质量的同时,强搅拌条件下的精煤可燃体回收率比弱搅拌条件下提高10%以上.     

用MCA研究穿甲弹长细比对侵彻能力的影响

用可移动元胞自动机数值模拟方法,对不同长细比钨合金穿甲弹芯侵彻装甲靶板进行二维数值模拟.论述了对于一定着速和质量的穿甲弹,改变其长细比,弹、靶的破坏变形过程,得到了侵彻深度与长细比的关系曲线.数值模拟结果与已有实验现象相符合.     

吉林黑台的一个泥盆纪海蕾

海蕾化石在中国是很少见的。1943年计荣森先生所描述的独山中海蕾(Mesob-lastus tushanensis Chi)是从贵州南部独山县的下石炭纪革老河统中采得的。1950年7月王钰、杨敬之二先生在吉林省密山县黑台附近的珍珠后山中泥盆黑台层中又发现一个海蕾的萼部化石,这一海蕾标本,经笔者鉴定,属于泥盆海蕾(Devonob-lastus)的一个新种,因此今将此一新种命名为黑台泥盆海蕾(Devonoblastus heitaien-sis sp.nov.)。     

Flotation behavior and adsorption mechanism of fine wolframite with octyl hydroxamic acid

Flotation behavior and adsorption mechanism of octyl hydroxamic acid(OHA)on wolframite were investigated through flotation experiments,adsorption tests,zeta-potential measurements,infrared spectroscopy and solution chemistry calculations.Results of flotation and adsorption experiments show that the maximum values of flotation recovery and adsorption capacity occur around p H 9.In term of the solution chemistry calculations,the concentration of metal hydroxamate is greater than that of metal tungstate and metal hydroxyl,and metal hydroxamate compounds are identified to be the main species on wolframite surface at p H region of 8-10,contributing to the increase of OHA adsorption and flotation performance.Results of zeta-potential and IR spectra demonstrate that OHA adsorbs onto wolframite surface by chemisorptions.Hydroxamate ions can bond with Mn_2+/Fe_2+cations of wolframite surface,forming metal hydroxamate compounds,which is a key factor in inducing the hydrophobicity of wolframite under the conditions of maximum flotation.     

氧化铅锌矿石选矿工艺研究

采用先铅后锌不脱泥主干流程处理贫铅富锌氧化矿石。研究确定了主要工艺参数,使用ｙ－２组合抑制剂在铅矿物浮选中有较好的抑硅作用,分散是不脱泥选锌的关键。     

A wireless-communication-based measurement of gas pressure with capsule-slime sealing device

To solve the existing problems of imperfect sealing and the inaccurate measurement of gas pressure in traditional sealing, the present study builds a new model of capsule-slime sealing device based on wireless pressure gauge. The new sealing device is mainly composed of two sets of capsules, a capsule connecting piece and a slime part, measures the pressure through the wireless communication technology, and seals through chemical reaction in the capsule, which generates gas to expand the capsule and extrude the pre-stored slime. Two methods of extruding pre-stored slime are proposed: in the first method, transverse force is generated by the expansion of the capsules at both ends, pushing the capsules toward the middle through the chute and squeezing the pre-stored slime out; in the second, high-pressure gas generated in the capsules is led into the expansion tube, which is inserted into the storage tube, squeezing it and letting the slime out to complete the sealing process. Then the research studies the effect of sealing under the condition of drilling with the structure of slime storage tube. The results indicate that the maximum standing time of slime wrapped in metal net is 2 h, instead of the expected 10 d, failing to meet the sealing requirements. When the slime viscosity is 1200–3000 mPa·s in the structure of slime storage tube, the best viscosity of slime is achieved and can simulate sealing the drilling hole (5–4, 4–2.36, 2.36–1.18, 1.18–0.15 mm in diameter), as well as the gap caused by mixed sand accumulation.     

基于机器视觉技术的钨矿初选工艺研究

本文首先分析了机器视觉技术应用在钨矿初选环节的可行性,其次对钨矿初选系统实现、工艺算法分析进行了详细介绍,最后通过钨矿筛选的具体算法分析表明机器视觉技术在钨矿初选环节使用的可行性、高效性。     

初论我国观赏石资源的特点与开发前景

我国幅员辽阔,地质背景多样,自然条件各异,分布着丰富的具有一定独特性的观赏石资源,包括造型石、纹理石、文房石、纪念石、矿物、化石、事件石等。其中有些品种已享誉海外、举世瞩目。具观赏价值的矿物晶体(简称观赏矿物)是观赏石的一种,对其产出条件和分布规律的研究,并进行勘察和开采,是我国观赏石开发的首要任务之一。     

煤泥的流变特性实验研究

煤泥是煤炭洗选加工中的废弃物，但仍含有相当量的热值，将煤泥通过管道远距离输送到锅炉燃烧发电是目前解决煤泥利用的最佳途径．煤泥作为高浓度黏稠物料进行管道远距离输送存在很多困难，其流变特性研究是管道输送的重要理论基础．本文从上述角度出发，介绍了煤泥的物理特性和实验仪器，通过对质量分数为55％～75％的煤泥进行系统地测试，绘制了流变曲线和黏度曲线，确定了煤泥的流变类型，得出了煤泥的流变方程．通过对煤泥的流变特性研究，为煤泥管道输送设备的优化设计提供了基本参数．     

Rheological behaviors of coal slime produced by filter-pressing

It is an effective way to use coal slime as fuel for circulating fluidized bed boilers, which will not only solve its pollution to the environment, but also turn waste to treasure. In order to provide basic technical information for transportation of coal slime from the coal preparation plant to the boiler, this paper experimentally studied the rheological behaviors of coal slime produced by filter-pressing. By using a rotational viscometer, the influences of water content, temperature, and shear time on the rheological behaviors of coal slime were investigated. Experimental results show that the coal slime will behave like Bingham plastics with low water content and like Bingham pseudo-plastics with 37.5% water content,while like pseudo-plastics with 40% water content. This indicates that the water content of coal slime must be controlled in consideration of both transportation resistance and combustion efficiency. Study results also show that, the apparent viscosity of coal slime at 5℃ is about 1.5–1.7 times of that at 40℃ for water contents 32%–37.5%, while the influence of temperature can be neglected when the water content is 40%. With increasing of water content, the influences of shear time on the apparent viscosity of coal slime becomes less. When the water content is more than 30%, the effect of shear time is negligible. It indicates that water content has the most important influence on the rheological behaviors of coal slime. There must be an optimal water content in considering conveying resistance and combustion efficiency. The environmental temperature must also be considered in coal slime transportation.     

一种评价煤泥颗粒凝聚效果的激光粒度分析方法

为了实现对煤泥颗粒凝聚效果的量化评价,使用了一种激光粒度分析的方法.通过激光粒度分析仪,测试煤泥颗粒在不同转速和不用浓度的Ca2+或Na+溶液中的粒度分布.结果表明:Ca2+比Na+更容易使煤泥颗粒凝聚,Ca2+浓度越高,煤泥颗粒越容易凝聚.在转速为1 000rpm和Ca2+浓度大于5mmol/L时,颗粒的凝聚效果最好,d90可达到700μm以上.根据煤泥颗粒粒度分布的d10,d50和d90的大小,可实现对颗粒凝聚效果的量化分析.     

超声波处理对煤泥特性的影响研究

为了提高煤泥浮选的效率和选择性，提出了在浮选前对煤泥进行超声波预处理的方法．利用扫描电镜、激光粒度仪和图像识别软件等研究了超声处理对煤泥特性的影响．比较了超声波处理前后相同粒级煤泥的产率、硫分、灰分和圆形系数，分析了超声波处理前后煤泥颗粒的表面状态，并用真空浮选试验进行了验证．浮选速度试验结果表明，超声处理后精煤的硫分、灰分较超声波处理前分别降低了33．84％和32．09％，前2min的精煤产率平均提高了约10％．试验证明超声处理改变了煤泥颗粒的大小、形状以及煤粒表面的状态，促使煤粒与黄铁矿、矸石解离，因此超声波预处理是煤泥浮选脱硫降灰的一种有效方法．     

生物质型煤灰熔融性的实验研究

生物质型煤是一种新型型煤,利用煤泥、农业废弃物通过一定的生产工艺加工压制而成,不仅有利于废弃物的资源化利用,也可以减少环境污染.型煤灰熔融性是工业型煤的一项重要指标,直接决定着型煤燃烧或造气过程排渣方式的选择.作者分别以焦作煤泥、平顶山煤泥及鹤壁煤泥为煤样,通过正交实验的方法,对以煤泥为原料、以生物质为添加剂制成的型煤的灰熔融性进行了实验研究,结果表明：用生物质作为型煤添加剂制作的工业型煤,其灰熔融性能满足要求.