测向天线阵互耦效应分析

天线阵元间的互耦效应将导致天线阵列的电参数和方向性的改变,从而影响测向系统的性能。针对天线阵列各单元之间的互耦现象,提出了利用矩量法精确分析天线阵列各单元上的电流分布,进一步通过互阻抗网络计算法求出测向天线单元的实际激励电压的幅度和相位,进而得到天线的辐射和接收特性。对实际的均匀直线阵列超分辨测向系统中的互耦效应进行了分析,给出了仿真结果,验证了互耦效应对测向性能的影响。     

GNSS干扰测向天线设计

本文分析了卫星导航干扰信号干涉仪测向基本原理,给出了宽带和宽波束天线单元设计仿真,针对无模糊测向和降低互耦影响需求设计了7阵元均匀圆阵测向天线.     

考虑互耦的平面相控阵天线波束形成

针对互耦会影响天线方向图的问题,首先用矩量法精确分析了考虑互耦影响时平面相控阵天线阵元的电流分布,仿真实现了阵元互耦对相控阵天线波束形成的影响效果,然后用软件补偿的方法补偿互耦所造成的影响,从而完成了相控阵天线波束形成的综合.     

最大似然法测向中的互耦补偿

本文分析了自适应圆阵中阵元间互耦导致最大似然法测向性能下降的机制，提出了一种互耦补偿方法，该方法简便易行，补偿效果良好。     

空间谱估计测向中通道失配与阵元间互耦的一次性补偿

在空间谱估计测向系统中，各接收通道中的幅相失配和天线阵元间的互耦是导致测向精度和分辨率下降的主要原因。本文分析了这两种因素影响测向系统性能的机制，提出了一种可一次性补偿接收通道的幅相失配和阵元间互耦的有效方案。     

微带有源相控阵互耦效应及校准方法研究

研究了小型微带有源相控阵天线中的互耦效应及其校准问题。分析了阵元间互耦对微带阵列天线阻抗特性和辐射特性的影响,对散射矩阵法在互耦校准中的适用性进行了分析,提出了基于有源方向图的互耦校准方法。仿真分析结果表明,对于强互耦情况下小型微带有源相控阵的校准,散射矩阵法存在较大的误差,而有源方向图法更加有效。     

加载测向天线阵列的统一网络模型研究

该文首先建立联系天线阵元和加载网络的统一网络模型,把路与场统一于广义矩阵型欧姆定律之中。基于统一网络模型理论,采用矩量法(MoM)分析了加载匹配补偿网络的五元圆形测向天线阵列(FCADF)。研究表明,电路网络的加载,引入了新的路与场相互作用,可有效补偿天线单元之间的互耦影响,改善方向图不圆度特性,并实现阻抗匹配,从而提高了测向精度。此外,测向天线阵列中的局域谐振现象,通过加载网络也被有效抑制。     

考虑互耦的切比雪夫线阵天线波束形成

低副瓣是当今电子对抗时代中对雷达天线的必然要求,但由于阵列天线单元间有互耦的影响,实际的天线单元电流分布往往达不到我们设计的要求。本文在介绍切比雪夫线阵的设计公式和互耦的矩量法分析方法的基础上,首先用矩量法精确分析了考虑互耦影响时切比雪夫线阵天线阵元的电流分布,仿真实现了阵元互耦对切比雪夫线阵各阵元电流幅度及相位的影响效果以及互耦对切比雪夫线阵天线波束形成的影响效果,接下来用软件的方式补偿互耦所造成的影响,从而完成了切比雪夫线阵天线波束形成的综合。     

空间谱估计测向中通道失配与阵元间互耦的一次性补偿

在空间谱估计测向系统中,各接收通道中的幅相失配和天线阵元间的互耦是导致测向精度和分辨率下降的主要原因。本文分析了这两种因素影响测向系统性能的机制,提出了一种可一次性补偿接收通道的幅相失配和阵元间互耦的有效方案。     

多波束阵列天线单元互耦效应分析

互耦效应导致阵列天线单元间耦合能量的矢量和随扫描角而变化，在特定频率和方向上可能产生较大的功率反射，并且引起方向图出现虚假波瓣。运用散射参数法对阵列天线单元互耦效应进行理论分析。阐述了其对天线性能的影响，提出了各种指标的实验测试方法。     

互耦影响下的自适应圆阵分析

本文用矩量法严格分析了考虑互耦影响时自适应天线阵元的电流分布,给出了计算电流的解析式,并计算了八单元圆阵的电流分布。用等效网络法推导了考虑互耦影响时的最佳权矢量。仿真计算了不同阵元间距时,自适应阵的数字波束赋形。     

Mutual impedance of hemispherical dielectric resonator antennas

The mutual coupling between two hemispherical dielectric resonator antennas is studied analytically. The radiation fields of the antennas are derived rigorously from a Green's function. The mutual impedance is then determined from a reaction formula. Comparison between theory and experiment is presented     

Input impedance and mutual coupling of rectangular microstrip antennas

A moment method solution to the problem of input impedance and mutual coupling of rectangular microstrip antenna elements is presented. The formulation uses the grounded dielectric slab Green's function to account rigorously for the presence of the substrate and surface waves. Both entire basis (EB) and piecewise sinosoidal (PWS) expansion modes are used, and their relative advantages are noted. Calculations of input impedance and mutual coupling are compared with measured data and other calculatious.     

On the evaluation of mutual coupling between slots

Analytical expressions for mutual coupling between slots embedded in a large ground plane are presented and discussed, both for piecewise-sinusoidal and for cosinusoidal field distribution. In the former an exact analytical expression has been found; in the latter various approximations based on Taylor and/or Fourier representation, have been analyzed. One of these approximations extends rigorously an empirical relation recently presented to speed up the time required for the evaluation of mutual coupling. Such expressions are found to be faster to evaluate than numerical integration with comparable error level. This allows the extension of slot array synthesis procedures based on the explicit evaluation of coupling to large arrays even on micro- and minicomputers.     

Modelling line-of-sight coupled MIMO systems with generalised scattering matrices and spherical wave translations

A model to rigorously characterise line-of-sight MIMO systems is introduced. It is based on the generalised scattering matrix of each antenna, considered as isolated, and the rotation and translation coefficients of spherical modes. The resulting channel matrix rigorously includes the exact spherical vector nature of electromagnetic propagation (which may exert a significant influence over short-range links), mutual coupling effects and real antenna reflection, transmission, reception and scattering features. Numerical results are presented for MIMO systems made up of ideal dipoles.     

一种考虑互耦计算大型阵列天线辐射和散射场的新方法

为了解决考虑互耦情况下大型阵列天线的辐射和散射场的计算难题,提出一种基于有源单元方向图法结合小阵外推大阵思想的新方法.不同于以往先逐个计算阵列环境中各个单元的辐射和散射场,再利用叠加原理来求得阵列总场的传统意义下的有源单元方向图法.文中通过公式推导,简化了该方法的操作过程,将大型阵列的计算问题转化为两个小型阵列的总场计...     

均匀线阵幅相误差和互耦效应的自校正

阵列的幅相误差和互耦效应严重影响了超分辨谱估计的性能,需要进行校正。由于均匀线阵的特殊结构,目前所采用的自校正算法呈现了多解性。分析了对均匀线阵进行自校正出现多解性的原因,在此基础上,提出了先用经典自校正算法实现互耦误差和幅度误差校正,然后用约束条件解决相位误差估计模糊的校正算法,该算法很好地解决了自校正算法对均匀线阵出现的多解性问题;利用仿真方法,验证了算法的性能。     

A Novel Numerical Model for Simulating Three Dimensional MIMO Channels With Complex Antenna Arrays

We develop a novel three-dimensional (3D) numerical model for rigorously simulating mutual coupling effects on the channel capacity of the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. In this model, the efficient integral equation method mutlilevel Green's function interpolation method (MLGFIM) is for the first time employed to calculate the input admittances and radiation patterns of the transmit and receive antennas of MIMOs. Comparing with the Method of Moments whose complexity is $O(N^{2})$ , MLGFIM has an efficiency of $O(Nlog N)$ and is suitable for efficiently solving antenna arrays problems. To accurately model the EM wave propagation, we 1) use the ray tracing method to obtain the multi-paths and 2) rigorously obtain the dyadic path loss factor model from which a novel stochastic path loss model that is flexible for both the environments with PEC walls and that with infinite thick lossless dielectric walls is devised. Using the proposed model, we successfully analyze mutual coupling effects on the 3D correlation of a 2-by-2 monopole array and the indoor channel capacity of a 20-by-20 planar array and a 20-by-20 icosahedron array. The numerical examples in this paper demonstrate the efficiency of our model for simulating the MIMO system with complex radiators.      

Theory of mutual coupling among minimum-scattering antennas

A novel and rigorou formulation for mutual impedance among a class of idealized but realizable antennas is presented. Unlike past treatments of mutual coupling, which have proceeded from structurally specified antennas, the present treatment deals with a class of antennas, all the electromagnetic properties of which are rigorously expressed explicitly in terms of their radiation patterns alone. Employing a network formulation based on a scattering representation of electromagnetic fields in terms of spherical (or cylindrical) modes, the mutual impedances between such antennas are computed exactly. Several alternate representations for the mutual impedance are derived, one of which is an integral representation involving the power pattern function for both real and complex angles. In special cases, these exact results agree with published results obtained by applying well-known approximate techniques to structurally specified antennas. An important and illuminating example is provided by an infinite planar array of antennas radiating into a half-space for which the present formulation yields the well-known grating-lobe series representation of the active impedance without an explicit reference to structural properties of the radiating elements.