Parameter Estimation Based on Fractional Power Spectrum Density in Bistatic MIMO Radar System Under Impulsive Noise Environment

This paper takes an Alpha-stable distribution as the noise model to solve the parameter estimation problem of bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system in the impulsive noise environment. For a moving target, its echo often contains a time-varying Doppler frequency. Furthermore, the echo signal may be corrupted by a non-Gaussian noise. It causes the conventional algorithms and signal models degenerating severely in this case. Thus, this paper proposes a new signal model and a novel method for parameter estimation in bistatic MIMO radar system in the impulsive noise environment. It combines the fractional lower-order statistics (FLOS) and fractional power spectrum density (FPSD), for suppressing the impulse noise and estimating parameters of the target in fractional Fourier transform domain. Firstly, a new signal array model is constructed based on the \(\alpha \)-stable distribution model. Secondly, Doppler parameters are jointly estimated by peak searching of the FLOS–FPSD. Furthermore, two modified algorithms are proposed for the estimation of direction-of-departure and direction-of-arrival (DOA), including the fractional power spectrum density based on MUSIC algorithm (FLOS–FPSD–MUSIC) and the fractional lower-order ambiguity function based on ESPRIT algorithm (FLOS–FPSD–ESPRIT). Simulation results are presented to verity the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

脉冲噪声环境下基于宽带模糊函数的双基地MIMO雷达目标参数估计新方法

以Alpha稳定分布作为噪声模型,研究了脉冲噪声环境下宽带双基地MIMO雷达系统中参数估计问题.针对在脉冲噪声环境中,基于传统的信号模型和算法效果显著退化的问题,本文提出了基于分数低阶统计量的宽带模糊函数算法.首先根据分数低阶宽带模糊函数的峰值点实现对多普勒频率尺度因子和时延的联合估计.接下来基于分数低阶宽带模糊函数构造两个子阵.通过采用改进的MUSIC算法和ESPRIT算法实现了收发角的联合估计.仿真实验表明本文算法具有很好的性能.     

宽带双基地MIMO雷达的参数联合估计的新方法

提出了一种基于分数阶功率谱的宽带双基地MIMO雷达中参数联合估计的新方法。在许多情况下,根据窄带信号模型对宽带回波信号中的参数进行估计是不合适的,因此提出一个新的宽带回波信号模型对运动目标参数进行估计。根据分数阶功率谱(FPSD)的峰值点对多普勒频移因子和时延参数进行联合估计。并依据分数阶功率谱的峰值点构造2个子阵,提出的FPSD-MUSIC算法和FPSD-ESPRIT算法实现了对收发角的联合估计。接下来推导了该信号模型中参数估计的克拉美罗界。仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

冲击噪声背景下双基地MIMO 雷达目标角度估计方法

实际工作环境中雷达经常会受到琢稳态分布冲击噪声的影响,使得大量高斯噪声背景下基于二阶或更高阶累积量的角度估计算法性能急剧下降。文中提出了一种基于FLOM-ESPRIT算法的双基地MIMO雷达收发角度估计方法,算法通过利用匹配滤波后数据构造分数低阶协方差矩阵实现对冲击噪声的有效抑制,弥补了传统的二阶或四阶统计模型及相应的处理算法不适用于冲击噪声环境的缺陷,增强了信号子空间估计算法的稳健性,并且无需计算量繁杂的二维谱峰搜索。     

Novel method based on fractional lower-order correntropy-analogous statistics for parameter jointly estimation in bistatic MIMO radar

According to the performance degradation problem of parameter estimation algorithm in the Alpha stable dis-tribution noise, inspired by the concept of correntropy, a new class of statistics, namely, the fractional lower-order cor-rentropy-analogous statistics (FCAS) was proposed. By employing the fractional lower-order correntropy-analogous sta-tistics based cost function in parallel factor (PARAFAC), the FCAS-PARAFAC algorithm was deduced which can be utilized for the parallel factor under impulsive noise environments. The FCAS-PARAFAC algorithm was applied to pa-rameter estimation in bistatic MIMO radar under impulsive noise environment. The proposed method can suppress the impulse noise interference and has better estimation performance. Furthermore, the estimated parameters are automati-cally paired without the additional pairing method. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the pro-posed method.     

冲激噪声环境下基于最大相关熵准则的双基地 MIMO雷达目标参数联合估计算法

该文采用最大相关熵准则(MCC)对平行因子分析算法中基于三线性最小二乘(TALS)迭代准则的目标函数进行了修正,推导出适用于脉冲噪声环境的韧性平行因子分析(PARAllel FACtor, PARAFAC)算法(MCC- PARAFAC算法),并将该方法应用于双基地MIMO雷达系统目标参数估计中。MCC-PARAFAC算法能够抑制脉冲噪声的影响,具有较好的估计性能,并且能够实现自动配对。仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

基于QR-RPCA的双基地MIMO雷达参数估计方法

针对冲击噪声下因接收信号二阶及以上矩不存在而产生性能恶化的问题,提出一种基于QR分解和鲁棒性主成分分析法(QR-RPCA)的双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达参数估计方法。针对RPCA算法适用于实数矩阵处理的情况,先将复数信号转化为实数;然后根据冲击噪声的稀疏特点与目标信号矩阵的低秩特点,利用QR-RPCA算法将低秩信号矩阵从受冲击噪声污染的接收信号中提取出来,并直接得到信号子空间,该算法避免了传统RPCA算法中的大规模奇异值分解,时间复杂度有所降低;最后根据信号子空间并利用旋转不变信号参数估计技术(ESPRIT)对目标方位进行估计。理论与仿真表明,本文算法相较于其他消除冲击噪声的算法,对于低特征指数的冲击噪声具有更好的估计性能。     

Joint parameter estimation of DOD/DOA/polarization for bistatic MIMO radar

In the paper,polarization-sensitive array is exploited at the receiver of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar system,a novel method is proposed for joint estimation of direction of departure (DOD),direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization parameters for bistatic MIMO radars. A signal model of polarimetric MIMO radar is developed,and the multi-parameter estimation algorithm for target localization is described by exploiting polarization array processing and the invariance property in both transmitter array and receiver array. By making use of polarization diversity techniques,the proposed method has advantages over traditional localization algorithms for bistatic MIMO radar. Simulations show that the performance of DOD and DOA estimation is greatly enhanced when different states of polarization of echoes is fully utilized. Especially,when two targets are closely spaced and cannot be well separated in spatial domain,the estimation resolution of traditional algorithms will be greatly degraded. While the proposed algorithm can work well and achieve high-resolution identification and accurate localization of multiple targets.     

脉冲噪声下基于中值离差相关熵的DOA估计方法

作为阵列信号处理的一个基本问题,波达方向估计在现代通信领域有着广泛的应用。常规估计方法通常基于高斯噪声假设。 而当阵列接收数据包含 Alpha 稳定分布脉冲噪声时算法将完全失效。针对 Alpha 稳定分布噪声下的波达方向估计问题,本文定义了一种改进的相关熵算子——中值离差相关熵,并从理论上证明了它的有界性。 以此为基础结合 MUSIC 算法提出了一种波达方向估计新方法。该方法不需要噪声先验知识,且在脉冲噪声环境中具有鲁棒性。仿真实验表明, 即使在短快拍、强脉冲噪声的恶劣环境下,本文方法依然具有良好的性能。      

脉冲噪声环境下改进的顽健循环时延估计算法

研究了脉冲噪声环境下循环平稳信号的时延估计问题,针对脉冲噪声环境中基于传统二阶谱相关函数的时延估计方法性能退化问题,提出了基于分数低阶循环谱的改进顽健算法。相对于传统算法,新算法对脉冲噪声、高斯噪声、干扰信号都具有较好的抑制作用。仿真结果证明了算法的有效性和顽健性。     

基于二次虚拟孔径扩展的双基地MIMO雷达相干分布式目标中心角度估计

该文提出了基于二次虚拟孔径扩展的双基地MIMO雷达相干分布式目标中心角度估计算法。首先构造了基于非均匀阵列的具有相同确定性角信号分布函数和分布参数的相干分布式目标的双基地MIMO雷达信号模型,再利用基于最小冗余的差分共置阵列思想,实现了阵元二次虚拟扩展;然后通过构造置换、去冗余和换维矩阵,得到了新的协方差矩阵;最后利用ESPRIT算法思想,估计出相干分布式目标的发射、接收中心角,并且实现了角度参数的自动配对。由于该文算法实现了阵元二次虚拟扩展,因此相比于传统MIMO雷达能识别更多的目标,具有更高的估计精度。实验仿真结果证明了该文算法的有效性。     

冲击噪声背景下基于稀疏表示的双基地MIMO雷达多目标定位

该文研究了对称稳定分布(SS)冲击噪声下双基地MIMO雷达的多目标定位问题。针对SS噪声下因二阶矩不存在而造成子空间类算法估计性能下降的不足,提出了矩阵行2范数最大的预处理方法对接收数据进行归一化,使得归一化后的协方差矩阵有界,并以拉直后的协方差矩阵构造稀疏线性模型,提出了基于协方差矩阵-近似零范数(Covariance Matrix Smoothed L0 norm, CMSL0)算法进行目标的发射角和接收角估计。仿真实验表明:通过矩阵行2范数最大化预处理之后,MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification)和CMSL0算法均能有效地估计出目标的角度,并且CMSL0算法的估计精度及对冲击噪声的稳健性均优于MUSIC算法。此外,与MUSIC算法相比,CMSL0算法不要预先估计目标源的数目,且收发阵元不受半波长间隔的限制。     

新的双基地MIMO雷达角度估计方法

为降低双基地MIMO雷达前端数据处理的计算量,构造出了“扩展”信号子空间,并根据此信号子空间的特点,提出了多项式求根—空域滤波的收发角度估计算法,避免了二维谱搜索,实现了目标角度的自动配对,并推导了多目标和单目标下双基地MIMO雷达角度估计的克拉美罗下界（CRB）。研究表明空域滤波时,泰勒级数展开的阶数越高,目标的角度估计精度越好;当目标各发射角度相隔较近时,仍能得到较好的估计结果;在低信噪比时,估计精度优于ESPRIT算法,在高信噪比时,2种算法的估计精度均接近于CRB。     

Angle Estimation Using Quaternion-ESPRIT in Bistatic MIMO-Radar

In this letter; we present a novel two-dimensional angle estimation for bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. We reconstruct the received signal of MIMO radar to model with quaternion theory, and then angle estimate using quaternion estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique for MIMO radar is proposed. The proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired two-dimensional angle estimation in MIMO-radar. The proposed algorithm has much better angle estimation performance than the Wang’s quaternion algorithm, which has a much heavier computational load than the proposed algorithm. Simulation results verify the usefulness of our algorithm.     

双基地MIMO雷达相干分布式目标快速角度估计算法

该文提出一种基于双基地MIMO雷达的相干分布式目标快速角度估计算法。建立了双基地MIMO雷达相干分布式目标信号模型;然后,基于该信号模型证明了相干分布式目标导向矢量具有Hadamard积旋转不变性;最后,利用该特性得到了对目标2维收发中心方位角的估计。分析表明:该算法无需搜索,参数配对简单,能有效降低算法的计算量;由于没有对相干分布式目标的角信号分布函数做固定的假设,所以该算法适用于具有不同角信号分布函数或角信号分布函数未知的情况,具有较强的稳健性。计算机仿真结果证明了该文算法的正确性和有效性。     

基于发射波束域-平行因子分析的MIMO雷达收发角度估计

该文提出了基于发射波束域-平行因子分析的双基地MIMO雷达收发角度估计方法。针对传统MIMO雷达发射功率分散的问题,将发射功率聚集范围与期望发射方向矢量相结合,提出了发射波束加权矩阵的优化准则,并转化为二阶锥规划形式,通过内点法求出其数值解,进而利用平行因子分析(PARAFAC)算法估计出收发角度。仿真结果表明:离线设计得到的波束加权矩阵使发射功率聚集于感兴趣的目标空域,且近似服从均匀分布,因此,在发射功率和角度估计算法相同时,基于发射波束域的角度估计精度优于全向等功率发射时的角度估计精度。     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的双基地雷达线性调频信号的参数联合估计新方法

该文提出一种双基地MIMO雷达线性调频(LFM)信号参数的联合估计新方法。在所提出的新的双基地MIMO雷达的信号模型基础上,利用分数阶傅里叶变换对线性调频(LFM)信号的能量聚集特性进行提取,根据分数阶傅里叶变换域内的峰值点对多普勒频移尺度和时延进行估计,并采用FRFT-MUSIC算法实现了线性调频(LFM)信号收发角的联合估计,实现了收发角的自动配对。仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

Joint estimation of time delay and frequency delay in impulsivenoise using fractional lower order statistics

New methods for time delay estimation and joint estimation of time delay and frequency delay in the presence of impulsive noise are introduced. First, degradation of the conventional approaches based on second-order statistics is shown both theoretically and experimentally. Then, a new class of robust algorithms are developed using the theory of alpha-stable distributions, including the fractional lower order covariance (FLOC) method, which is formulated for the time delay estimation problem and the fractional lower order ambiguity function (FLOAF), which is defined for the joint estimation of time delay and frequency delay. It is shown that these new methods are robust for both Gaussian and non-Gaussian impulsive noise environments. The improved performance is clearly demonstrated through detailed analysis and comprehensive simulations with computer-generated data as well as actual radar and sonar clutter data     

Unitary Subspace-Based Method for Angle Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar

In this paper, the issue of joint angle estimation for bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is investigated, and an algorithm for the joint estimation under real-valued computation is proposed. By utilizing the unitary transformation, the direction matrices and the data matrix are transformed to be real-valued ones. The direction of departure (DOD) can be estimated via the real-valued rotational invariance in the subspace, and the direction of arrival (DOA) can be obtained via the real-valued reduced-dimension function of multiple signal classification (MUSIC). The proposed algorithm utilizes both the signal and noise subspaces, requires no peak searching, and can achieve automatically paired estimations of the angles. Furthermore, it has better angle estimation performance than some existing methods. The simulation results verify the algorithmic effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm.     

基于FRFT的双基地MIMO雷达多普勒频率和收发角联合估计新方法

提出了一种新的双基地MIMO雷达系统中参数联合估计方法.首先提出了一个新的双基地MIMO雷达阵列信号模型,利用分数阶傅里叶变换能量聚集特性对多普勒频率的初始频率和调频率进行联合估计.然后,在分数阶傅里叶变换域内构造2个子阵,采用FRFT-MUSIC算法和FRFT-ESPRIT算法实现了收发角的联合估计.仿真实验表明,本算法在低信噪比时同样具有较好的性能.