Microstructure of laser clad Ti ＋ Al ＋ SiO2 ＋ C powders on Ti6Al4V alloy

Laser cladding experiment of Ti ＋ Al ＋ SiO2 ＋ C was carried out on Ti6Al4V alloy substrate, then the micmstructure of the clad layer was analyzed with SEM and its Anti - oxidation function was discussed. Analyses microstructure show that the clad coating can be divided into three zones along the depth direction： clad, binding and heat -affected zones. Ti5Si3 in the clad zone exists in the form of fine dendrites, TiAI matrix filling among Ti5Si3 dendrites plays a role of connecting the Ti5Si3 with the TiAl3 and transferring load, so the clad coating has been strengthened obviously.     

TC4合金基体上激光熔敷钛、铝、二氧化硅碳粉末的显微组织

Laser cladding experiment of Ti + Al + SiO2 + C was carried out on Ti6Al4V alloy substrate, thenthe microstructure of the clad layer was analyzed with SEM and its Anti - oxidation function was discussed.Analyses microstructure show that the clad coating can be divided into three zones along the depth direction:clad, binding and heat - affected zones. Ti5Si3 in the clad zone exists in the form of fine dendrites, TiAl matrix filling among Ti5Si3 dendrites plays a role of connecting the Ti5Si3 with the TiAl3 and transferring load,so the clad coating has been strengthened obviously.     

Complexes of carboxymethylcellulose in water. Part 2. Co2+ and Al3+ remediation studies of wastewaters with Co2+, Al3+, Cu2+, VO2+ and Mo6+

The properties of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) complexes and Co²⁺ and Al³⁺ are reported in this work. The complexing power of CMC was greater to Al³⁺ than to Co²⁺, although it was not possible to determine some of the equilibrium constants. The infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermal analysis helped in showing the existence of these complexes in the solid state. The films observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided a certainty that the chains of the biopolymer were not extensively broken by the use of strong mineral acid employed in some of the experimental steps of this study.Two water solutions — bidistilled and deionized water and an Iraí River, Curitiba, PR (Brazil) sample — were obtained by adding metal salts of Al³⁺, Co²⁺, Cu²⁺, Mo⁶⁺(initially in the form of molybdate) and VO²⁺ to which CMC was later added as a remediation agent. At different times, aliquots of those water samples were analyzed for their metal contents and showed ability to sequester different percentages of each of the metal ions, therefore, rendering the water samples within the Brazilian and Spanish standards for potable water (varying from < 0.3 to 5 mg/L depending on toxicity). The CMC complexes could be recovered by mechanical removal at the pH where these complexes are not very soluble. This process can be applied to municipal wasterwater treatment plants as CMC is a more cost-effective and non toxic alternative material than commercial employed alum. The metals can be recycled after the decomplexing process from the recovered solid complexes and with the additional benefit of using CMC that it will leave no trace of Al³⁺ ions in the water rising from the use of alum.     

Improving tantalum's oxidation resistance by Al+ ion implantation

Tantalum was implanted with 180 keV Al⁺ ions to fluences up to 3×10¹⁸ Al⁺/cm². Subsequent microchemical and microstructural observations showed that an amorphous layer covered the surface and extended to depths near 3000 Å for fluences above 2.4×10¹⁸ Al⁺/cm². The layer, comprised of ～70 at. pet Al and ～30 at. pet Ta, crystallized at temperatures above 500°C. Oxidation measurements, performed in one atmosphere of air and at temperatures below 600°C, showed that the layer stopped oxidation of the implanted tantalum, while unimplanted tantalum oxidized rapidly. The protection provided by the implantation deteriorated somewhat by temperatures near 735°C but still reduced the oxidation rate by a factor of 5. The deterioration is caused by localized rupturing of the implanted layer and the resulting oxidation of the underlying tantalum. At 910°C, the implanted tantalum oxidized almost as rapidly as unimplanted tantalum.     

Voltage-dependent effect of Al3+ on channel activities in hippocampal neurons

The world's great wines are produced from a relatively small number of classic European cultivars of Vitis vinifera L Most are thought to be centuries old and their origins have long been the subject of speculation. Among the most prominent of these cultivars is Cabernet Sauvignon, described as "the world's most renowned grape variety for the production of fine red wine". Although now grown in many countries, Cabernet Sauvignon derives its fame from its long association with the Bordeaux region of France, where it has been grown at least since the 17th century. We present microsatellite DNA evidence for the hypothesis that Cabernet Sauvignon is the progeny of two other Bordeaux cultivars, Cabernet franc and Sauvignon blanc. Likelihood ratios support this hypothesis to a very high degree of probability. A close relationship between Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet franc has been suspected but the genetic contribution of Sauvignon blanc, despite its similar name, is a surprise.     

荞麦基因型间的耐铝性研究

[目的]筛选出耐铝性较强的荞麦资源.[方法]用水培法对25份荞麦资源的耐铝性进行研究.以发芽的荞麦种子在3 d内的根伸长量衡量耐铝性程度.[结果]低浓度(500 μmol/L以下)的AlCl3处理对荞麦根系的生长具有明显的促进作用,而高浓度(1 000μmol/L)的AlCl3处理则会抑制荞麦根系的生长.荞麦基因型间的耐铝性具有明显差异.[结论]在所选取的25份荞麦材料中,L2081和T442的耐铝胁迫能力最强,值得在荞麦耐铝性育种和耐铝机制的研究中开发利用.     

Solid-State Oxidation Kinetics of a Lanthanum-Modified Al + 6% Li Alloy

This article describes the results of thermogravimetric analysis of the oxidation kinetics of Al + 6% Li alloy modified by lanthanum in amount up to 0.5%. It is demonstrated that the addition of lanthanum to the alloy or an increase in temperature provides an increase in the oxidation rate of the initial alloy in the solid state. The apparent oxidation activation energy of the initial (basic) alloy (35.2 kJ/mol) decreases to 17.3 kJ/mol for the alloy with 0.5% La. The oxidation curves of Al + 6% Li + La alloys in the solid state are described by equations evidencing a hyperbolic mechanism of this process.     

The electrical conductivity of some liquids in the system CaF2+CaO+Al2O3

The conductivity of slags in the binary systems CaF₂+Al₂O₃, CaF₂+CaO and the ternary system CaF₂+CaO+Al₂O₃ has been measured, using a four-lead electrode technique at a frequency of 1 kHz. The cell design used ensured that only molybdenum metal was in contact with the slag at high temperature and that the slag was wholly contained in molybdenum. No frequency dispersion could be detected at frequencies between 0.8 to 10 kHz. It is suggested that the formation of complex ions (e.g. AlO₂F₂ ³⁻ and AlOF ₂ ⁻ ) might account for the observed effects in CaF₂+Al₂O₃, CaF₂+CaO+Al₂O₃ liquids as has been previously suggested. an oxide ion clustering mechanism may explain the conductivities found in CaF₂+CaO.     

Photoluminescence of BaGdB9O（16）：Eu^3＋ co-doped Al^3＋ or Sc^3＋ under UV-VUV excitation

Single phase of BaGd0.9-xMxEu0.1B9O16 (M=Al or Sc, 0≤x≤0.3) powder was prepared by the solid-state reaction and its photoluminescence (PL) properties were investigated under ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation. Monitored with 613 nm emission, the excitation spectra of BaGd0.9-xMxEu0.1B9O16 consisted of three broad bands peaking at about 242, 208, and 142 nm, respectively. The one at about 242 nm originated from the charge transfer band (CTB) of O2-→Eu3+. The other two were assigned to the absorption of the host, which was overlapped with absorptions among borate groups, f→d transition of RE3+ (RE=Gd, Eu), and the charge transfer transition of O2-→Gd3+. The maximum emission peak was observed at about 613 nm in the emission spectra of BaGd0.9-xMxEu0.1B9O16 under both 254 and 147 nm excitation, which originated from the electric dipole 5D0→7F2 transition of Eu3+. When excited with 254 nm, the integral emission intensity of Eu3+ increased after Al3+ or Sc3+ substituting Gd3+ partly in BaGd0.9Eu0.1B9O16. Under 147 nm excitation, the integral emission intensity of Eu3+ decreased after some Gd3+ was replaced by Sc3+, but increased after adding appropriate Al3+ into BaGd0.9Eu0.1B9O16.