氯化聚乙烯改性PVC膜材的制备及性能研究

以氯化聚乙烯(CPE)为增韧剂,通过热压成型制备了不同配比的改性聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜材。利用热重分析仪(TG)、动态热力学分析仪(DMA)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)和能谱仪(EDS)考察了CPE的添加对改性PVC膜材热性能、动态力学性能、耐紫外光老化性能的影响。结果表明:引入CPE能够较好地改善纳米颗粒在PVC基体中的分散效果,并在一定程度上延缓了PVC膜材的老化。同时,改性PVC膜材具有较好的耐低温性能,当温度低于-30℃时,CPE用量为7.5份的膜材依然具有较高的储能模量。     

CPE—g—VC改性PVC的研究

选用CPE-g-VC和CPE以物理机械共混方法分别改性PVC树脂。试验结果表明,CPE-g-VC对PVC韧性的改性效果优于CPE,以CPE相当量10份计时,CPE-g-VC改性的共混体系抗冲击强度比CPE改性的高1～2倍。而对塑化性能的影响,两者无明显的差别。     

CPE改性硬质PVC的探讨

主要探讨不同用量的CPE对改性硬质PVC的加工熔体流变性,动、静态热稳定性及物理力学性能上的差别。     

不同熔融焓氯化聚乙烯对PVC改性的影响

采用不同熔融焓增韧改性剂CPE对PVC进行了改性,研究了 CPE对PVC/CPE共混料的影响.结果表明:不同熔融焓的增韧改性剂CPE对PVC/CPE共混料的流变性能、缺口冲击强度、拉伸冲击强度和焊接强度都有较大的影响;含氯质量分数为36％左右、熔融焓(DSC法)≤1.4 J/g的CPE比较适合作为PVC材料的冲击改性剂...     

不同原料制备的CPE性能及对PVC/CPE体系的影响

采用不同原料制备了性能各异的增韧改性剂CPE,研究了它们对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,不同牌号的HDPE对制得的CPE的性能、PVC/CaCO3/CPE混料的塑化时间以及PVC/CaCO3/CPE复合材料的冲击强度都具有明显的影响。     

用氯化聚乙烯改善聚氯乙烯的冲击强度

氯化聚乙烯(CPE)是聚氯乙烯(PVC)最常用的冲击改性剂之一,常用于PVC的增韧改性。本文从相容性、共混物形态与体系性能的关系,影响共混物形态及冲击强度的因素及共混体系的不可逆形变4个方面介绍了采用CPE改善PVC冲击性能,从而找出了提高PVC/CPE共混体系冲击强度的最佳途径。     

PVC／CPE共混物的结构与性能

从力学性能、冲击断面形貌和流变性等方面综合考察了CPE改性PVC的特点.结果表明,对应不同的CPE用量,冲击强度的增加幅度及断面的形貌不同,流变性也不一样。CPE用量为10～20份时,冲击强度增加迅速,断面形貌和流变性也发生显著变化.CPE在基体中形成网络结构是造成上述变化的主要原因.     

CPE对PVC/木粉复合材料动态力学性能及耐热性能的影响

为了增强聚氯乙烯(PVC)基木塑复合材料的动态力学性能,加入氯化聚乙烯(CPE)对复合材料进行改性,并探究CPE对PVC基木塑复合材料性能的影响。采用动态力学分析仪(DMA)和维卡软化温度测试仪,对加入CPE的PVC/木粉复合材料进行测试,分析CPE对PVC/木粉复合材料动态力学性能及耐热性能的影响。结果表明:CPE的加入会对PVC/木粉复合材料的动态力学性能产生重要的影响,且CPE含量约为5份时,复合材料的动态力学性能最佳;但维卡软化温度、热变形温度测试结果显示,CPE的加入降低了PVC/木粉复合材料的耐热性,且随着CPE含量的增加,复合材料的耐热性逐渐减弱。     

少量PS对H-PVC/CPE/PE共混体系性能的影响

本文研究了在H-PVC/CPE/PE共混体系中添加少量刚性有机粒子PS对体系性能的影响。在PVC/CPE/未交联PE的配比为100/6/5时,添加少量(1～3份)PS粒子,能使体系的冲击强度成倍增加,拉伸强度基本不变。在PVC/CPE/动态微交联PE的配比为100/6/5时,添加少量PS粒子,出现与PS改性PVC/CPE/未交联PE体系类同的规律性,并且效果更好,冲击强度可高达86kJ/m~2,拉伸强度最高达48MPa。共混方式对PVC/CPE/PE/PS体系的性能影响较大,其中以四步法的效果最佳,不仅冲击强度提高幅度最大,拉伸强度也达到了最大值。     

PVC抗冲改性剂及其应用技术

本文介绍了PVC抗冲改性剂的主要品种:MBS、CPE、EVA、NBR、ABS、ACR的牌号、性能、改性原料以及选择PVC抗冲改性剂的主要原则。     

PVC干混料粉体流动性的影响因素

介绍了与粉体流动性有关的理论,分析了PVC树脂、CPE、碳酸钙和冷混工艺对PVC干混料粉体流动性的影响,结果表明:①乙烯法PVC树脂的粉体流动性一般优于电石法PVC树脂,且波动较小;②某些厂家的冲击改性剂CPE可改善PVC干混料的粉体流动性,并且随着CPE用量的增加,PVC干混料的粉体流动性增加;③不同生产厂家的PVC/CPE体系对PVC干混料粉体流动性的影响规律不同,应不断摸索,找出最佳组合;④随着碳酸钙用量的增加,PVC干混料的粉体流动性降低,特别是在料斗上的表现更为突出;⑤充分冷却后的PVC干混料粉体流动性较好。     

Chlorinated polyethylene modification of blends derived from waste plastics. Part II: Mechanism of modification

Previous publications have shown that the stress-strain behavior, especially ductility, of some incompatible polymer blends are greatly improved by the addition of slurry produced chlorinated polyethylenes (CPE). This improvement is greatest for blends containing polyethylene and PVC. The most effective CPE's have some residual polyethylene crystallinity and may be described as block-like polymers with ethylene sequences and chlorine containing sequences. It is postulated that CPE addition improves the blend properties by increasing the adhesion between domains in the blend via interactions with the blend components. This hypothesis was explored by thermal analysis, dynamic mechanical testing, adhesion studies, and microscopy. It is concluded that the interaction of CPE with polyethylene derives from compatibility of rather long methylene sequences in CPE with the polyethylene which results in good adhesive bonding. The interaction of CPE with PVC may not be owing to segmental compatibility but simply good mutual adhesion between similar polar materials. There is no interaction or adhesion between CPE and polystyrene as would be expected. CPE addition to blends is accompanied by a decrease in component domain size. The relationship between CPE structure and its effectiveness as a blend modifier is discussed.     

高木粉填充量PVC基复合材料性能的研究

研究了CPE和POE-g-MAH的用量对高木粉填充量(100份)PVC基复合材料的力学性能、耐水性、密度和加工流动性的影响。结果表明:CPE能有效提高复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度,减小密度,改善耐水性和加工流动性;POE-g-MAH能显著提高复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度,改善耐水性。经SEM观察分析,CPE与POE-g-MAH二者共同作用增大了木粉与PVC树脂的相容性。     

Translucent blends of chlorinated polyethylene with poly(vinyl chloride)

Some experimental chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) resins that produced translucent blends with PVC were used to study the effects of CPE chlorine content and chlorine distribution on the morphology, optical clarity, and toughness of blends with PVC. The CPE resins were characterized in terms of the glass transition temperature, residual crystallinity, density, and refractive index. Increasing residual crystallinity and increasing chlorine content both increased the refractive index closer to that of PVC. A linear relationship was observed between the fourth power of the refractive index and the CPE glass transition temperature. With a phase-separated blend morphology in all cases, improved transparency was achieved in this system by reducing the refractive index difference between CPE and PVC. Both haze and transparency showed the predicted linear dependence on the square of the refractive index difference. To a first approximation, modifications of the experimental CPE resins that improved optical transparency of the blends also tended to reduce the toughness enhancement.     

CPE对纳米CaCO3增韧PVC复合材料界面和性能的影响

研究了CaCO3/CPE(氯化聚乙烯)/PVC(聚氯乙烯)纳米复合材料的结构和性能,探讨了CPE对纳米CaCO3/PVC复合材料界面作用和力学性能的影响. SEM结果显示,引入CPE可明显改善纳米CaCO3颗粒在PVC基体中的分散性和相容性,提高其界面作用. 引入界面作用参数定量表征纳米CaCO3颗粒与基体之间的界面结合作用,证实随着CPE加入量的增大,基体和颗粒之间的界面作用逐渐增大. 力学性能研究表明,相对于仅用纳米CaCO3增韧PVC,在CPE加入量为PVC的0~8%(w)范围内,用CPE和纳米CaCO3协同增韧可以更好地提高复合材料的冲击强度. 复合材料的冲击强度在CaCO3/CPE/PVC质量比为25/8/100时达到纯PVC的5.6倍,是纳米CaCO3/PVC(25/100)体系的2倍.     

PVC／CPE／AS共混工艺及其力学性能研究

研究了ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＡＳ的共混工艺及力学性能。结果表明，在一定的工艺条件下，向ＰＶＣ中添加少量的刚性聚合物ＡＳ与弹性体ＣＰＥ的混合物，可使共混材料的站击强度有较大幅度的提高。     

Comparative study of the effects of chlorinated polyethylene and acrylic impact modifier on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) compounds and poly(vinyl chloride)/(oil palm empty fruit bunch) composites

The effects of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and acrylic impact modifier (AIM) on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds and composites were investigated. The amounts of AIM and CPE used were fixed at 9 parts per hundred parts of resin (phr), while oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber content was increased from 0 to 40 phr. To produce composites, the PVC formulations were dry‐blended by using a laboratory blender before being milled into sheets on a two‐roll mill at 165°C. The milled sheets were then hot‐pressed at 180°C. The thermal degradation of the specimens was evaluated by using thermogravimetry in a nitrogen environment. Thermal stability of the PVC/CPE compounds and PVC/CPE/OPEFB composites was improved by the addition of CPE. The CPE retarded the dehydrochlorination of PVC. However, the stabilization effect was reduced by the incorporation of OPEFB at levels of 30 and 40 phr. The presence of AIM accelerated the dehydrochlorination of PVC/AIM compounds and PVC/AIM/OPEFB composites. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

未来中国聚氯乙烯生产原料来源分析

介绍了用石油生产乙烯、电石生产乙炔、天然气制备乙炔、合成气制备乙烯等方法，列举了由粮食、纤维和半纤维材料、农产品加工排放渣、工业废料等制取乙醇，由乙醇脱水生产乙烯的简要工艺。指出国内聚氯乙烯产能正处在快速增长时期，但用于生产聚氯乙烯原料的天然资源已临近枯竭，应因地制宜，充分发挥区域优势，原料来源多元化是中国未来聚氯乙烯生产原料来源的特点；完全依靠可再生资源将是实现聚氯乙烯可持续发展的根本保证。     

汽车用环保PVC电缆料的研制之三——耐低温性能和耐老化性

研究了高分子耐寒改性剂对PVC电缆料耐低温性能的影响以及抗氧剂体系、稳定剂体系对PVC电缆料耐老化性的影响,最终确定的最佳汽车用环保PVC电缆料配方为PVC,100份;增塑剂A/DOS,50份;稳定剂A,6~8份;CPE,10份;耐磨改性剂A,10份;高岭土,10份;润滑剂,适量;1010,0.8份;抗氧剂A,0.8份;耐寒改性剂B,15份。