羧酸膦酸型水质稳定剂的合成

<正> 我国目前工业循环冷却水处理中,使用比较普遍的仍然还是磷系配方,即在配方中采用较大剂量的无机聚磷酸盐,如三聚磷酸钠或六偏磷酸钠[Na_5P_3-O_(10)或(NaPO_3)_n]作为主缓蚀剂,再加入少量的有机多元膦酸,如乙二胺四甲叉膦酸(EDTMP)或1-羟基乙川-1,1—二膦酸(HEDP)以及少量的聚羧酸,如聚     

离子改性Y分子筛吸附分离1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷/1,1-二氟-2-氯乙烯

用CaCl₂、La（NO₃）₃和Ce（NO₃） ₃溶液对NaY分子筛进行离子改性制备出CaY、LaY和CeY分子筛。将其及NaY为吸附剂,利用动态吸附法评价其吸附分离1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷（HFC-134a）产品中微量1,1-二氟-2-氯乙烯（HCFC-1122）的性能。同时采用X射线衍射（XRD）、吡啶红外（FTIR）和氨-程序升温脱附（NH₃-TPD）等手段对新鲜及再生后的吸附剂进行结构和表面性质表征。结果表明：CaY、LaY与CeY分子筛上的Brønsted酸中心可与HCFC-1122形成p-吸附配合物,从而将吸附流出气中HCFC-1122的残余率降低至1.0%以下;Brønsted酸强度越高,p-吸附配合物越容易形成,最低吸附温度越低（CeY     

大孔树脂分离纯化商陆红色素的研究

研究了几种大孔吸附树脂和离子交换树脂对商陆红色素的静态吸附特性,筛选出一种吸附性能较好的树脂,并应用柱层析进行商陆红色素的分离纯化研究。实验结果表明:D301离子交换树脂对商陆红色素的静态吸附率达到96.0%,柱层析吸附饱和后用0.15 mol/L HCl洗脱时,洗脱率达到92.8%,洗脱液经低温干燥得到的商陆红色素色价达到45.9。     

石棉尾矿酸浸渣对铜离子的吸附研究

研究了经过煅烧的石棉尾矿酸浸渣对水中Cu2+的吸附性能,并用红外光谱和能谱对吸附机理进行初步分析.结果表明:在Cu2+浓度为20mg/L,溶液体积为100 mL,初始pH=4.85,吸附温度为25℃,吸附时间为60 min,石棉尾矿酸浸渣用量为10.0 g/L时,Cu2+去除率为96.5%,溶液中残余Cu2+的浓度为0.7 mg/L,达到了GB8978-1996污水综合排放标准;弱酸性条件(4.85相似文献   

玫瑰花状MoS2对丁基黄原酸钾的吸附-光催化协同去除性能研究

利用水热法合成玫瑰花状MoS₂,研究其对丁基黄原酸钾的吸附-光催化协同去除性能。结果表明,成功制备了具有光催化性能与吸附性能的玫瑰花状MoS₂;在pH=7、MoS₂用量为25 mg、吸附时间为30 min条件下,MoS₂对丁基黄原酸钾的最大吸附容量达110.93 mg·g^-1;在300 W氙灯下照射30 min时,MoS₂对丁基黄原酸钾的降解效率为81.99%;而通过光催化降解-吸附的协同作用,在40 min时丁基黄原酸钾去除率达99.89%;经过5次循环后,MoS₂对丁基黄原酸钾的协同去除率仍大于95%。此研究为MoS₂在含黄药废水处理方面开辟一种新方法。     

3-膦酸二甲酯基-2-甲基-1,1-二甲氧基丙烷的制备

2-甲基烯丙醇催化氧化得到2-甲基烯丙醛,然后再与氯化氢和甲醇低温缩合加成得到3-氯-2-甲基-1,1-二甲氧基丙烷,此中间体与亚膦酸三甲酯进行Arbuzov反应得到3-膦酸二甲酯基-2-甲基-1,1-二甲氧基丙烷,产物是类胡萝卜素的重要中间体。产物含量95.5%,收率41.7%。     

DSD酸中苄基物的薄层层析法及其测定

一、前言在DSD酸的生产过程中,由于氧化条件不适合,可能生成以下主要化合物:1)对-氨基甲醛邻磺酸;2)对-氨基甲醛;3)对-氨基甲苯邻磺酸;4)对-氨基甲苯;5)苄基物双磺酸;6)黄色素;7)红色素。这些化合物对合成染料的质量,有着不同程度的影响,尤其对增白剂的影响,更为明显。在一般情况下,苄基物双磺酸、黄色素、红色素的含量,对增白剂的白度、泛黄点影响最大。当前,在生产中对5)、6)两种化合物的含量均能用染色法加以控制;但是,对3)苄基物双磺酸无法控制,迄今尚未见有关将苄基物从DSD酸中分离出来的方法的报导。如果能把苄基物从DSD酸中分离出来,测定它的含量,在生产过程中对其加以控制,这样就能提高DSD酸的质量,从而提高合成     

联型离子液体的制备及其纤维素的降解性能的研究

通过超声辅助合成及阴离子置换得到1,1’-联乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐(1,1’-[EMIM](HSO4)2)等酸功能离子液体,将其用于催化降解纤维素生产5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)。最优条件下,1,1’-[EMIM](HSO4)2同时充当催化剂与溶剂,443 K下反应6 h,5-HMF最高产率可达到35%。研究表明,酸功能化离子液体催化性能与阴离子种类密切相关,且体系中的水含量及反应温度对反应产率均有较大影响。     

对苯二甲酸精制工艺

对粗对苯二甲酸精制工艺进行了研究.探索了固相吸附法和溶解-沉淀法提纯粗对苯二甲酸的工艺可行性,固相吸附法重点考察了聚氨酯、弱酸性阳离子交换树脂及其化学改性物对杂质对羧基苯甲醛的吸附性能;以亚硫酸钠盐水溶液为溶解试剂,以SO2为沉淀析出试剂,考察了溶解-沉淀法不同操作条件对提纯效果的影响.确定了利用溶解-沉淀法精制可得到聚合级对苯二甲酸并给出了适宜的工艺参数.     

石棉尾矿酸浸渣对铜离子的吸附性能

对石棉尾矿酸浸渣进行了焙烧处理,考察了焙烧后的石棉尾矿酸浸渣对溶液中Cu2+的吸附性能,测定了其表面x电位,对吸附Cu2+前后的石棉尾矿酸浸渣进行了表征,探讨了吸附机理. 结果表明,石棉尾矿酸浸渣的等电点为2.03;石棉尾矿酸浸渣用量3 g/L、吸附时间60 min、吸附温度25℃、溶液pH值4.85时,该渣对Cu2+的吸附效果最佳. 石棉尾矿酸浸渣对Cu2+的等温吸附符合Langmuir方程,为化学吸附,其吸附等温式为Ce/q=0.0749Ce+0.1076,主要为表面配位吸附和离子交换吸附.     

Spray Drying and Process Optimization of Unclarified Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Juice

In this study, production of pomegranate juice powder using a spray dryer was investigated. To prevent stickiness, maltodextrin dextrose equivalent 6 (DE6) was used as a drying agent. While feed flow rate, feed temperature, and air flow rate were kept constant, air inlet temperature (110–140°C), percentage maltodextrin (MD; maltodextrin dry solids/100 g feed mixture dry solids; 39.08–64.12%), and feed mixture concentration (19.61–44.11 °Brix) were chosen as the independent variables. Product properties investigated included moisture content, hygroscopicity, anthocyanin content, color change, solubility, bulk density, total phenolics content, antioxidant capacity, and sensory properties. The products were produced with high yield (86%) and high antioxidant activity (77%). MD and drying temperature were found to be the most important variables in production of pomegranate juice powders. Because total color change (ΔE), bulk density, antioxidant capacity, and powder yield were affected strongly by the independent variables, these parameters were used in optimization of the process. The optimum temperature, feed mixture concentration, and percentage maltodextrin were 100°C, 30.8 °Brix, and 53.5% MD, respectively. This study revealed that by applying these optimal conditions, pomegranate juice powder with a 55% dry solids yield, 9.78 total color change, 0.35 g/mL bulk density, and 57.8% antioxidant capacity were produced.     

花石榴红色素的提取及其稳定性研究

从花石榴中提取一种桔红色色素,并对该色素的稳定性进行了研究。通过小鼠急性毒性试验表明,该色素安全无毒,具有开发利用价值。     

Pomegranate seed oil as a functional ingredient in beverages

Pomegranate seeds are by‐products of pomegranate juice industry. Since the seeds contain valuable oil that has nutritional and medicinal properties, they can be useful for food applications (especially in juice and beverage industries) as a functional agent. In this study, the possibility of producing a stable pomegranate‐seed‐oil‐in‐water emulsion to be used as a base formula for a new functional beverage was investigated. The influence of gum Arabic (GA) concentration (10.0, 12.5, and 15.0%, w/w) with a constant oil phase content (6.0% w/w) on the turbidity loss rate, emulsion stability index, and droplet size distribution was investigated. Turbidity loss rate was inversely proportional to the GA concentration for all the formulations studied here. Compared to other emulsions, emulsion with 15.0% w/w GA did not show a discernible cream layer during 42 days of storage. Emulsion with 15.0% w/w GA indicated the smallest polydispersity index during this period. The results of this study showed that it was possible to produce a relatively stable pomegranate‐seed‐oil‐in‐water emulsion for use as a functional agent in beverages.     

Mixed Pro- and Anti-Oxidative Effects of Pomegranate Polyphenols in Cultured Cells

In recent years, the number of scientific papers concerning pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and its health properties has increased greatly, and there is great potential for the use of bioactive-rich pomegranate extracts as ingredients in functional foods and nutraceuticals. To translate this potential into effective strategies it is essential to further elucidate the mechanisms of the reported bioactivity. In this study HepG2 cells were supplemented with a pomegranate fruit extract or with the corresponding amount of pure punicalagin, and then subjected to an exogenous oxidative stress. Overall, upon the oxidative stress the gene expression and activity of the main antioxidant enzymes appeared reduced in supplemented cells, which were more prone to the detrimental effects than unsupplemented ones. No differences were detected between cells supplemented with the pomegranate juice or the pure punicalagin. Although further studies are needed due to the gaps existing between in vitro and in vivo studies, our results suggest caution in the administration of high concentrations of nutraceutical molecules, particularly when they are administered in concentrated form.     

天然石榴皮色素/PBS着色膜的性能

采用溶剂萃取法从石榴皮中提取天然色素,将其机械搅拌混入可生物降解材料聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)中着色.采用偏光显微镜观察各种着色膜表面色素的分散情况;利用X射线衍射(WAXD)分析着色膜的结晶度;并测定着色膜的力学性能和热稳定性.研究结果表明:天然色素在塑料薄膜中分散性好,且色素的添加对PBS结晶度影响不大.随着色素量的增加,着色膜的拉伸强度增大,而断裂伸长率呈上升趋势,但其小于纯PBS膜的.超过9%的色素添加量使着色膜的热稳定性略微下降.     

Extraction and determination of volatile organic acid concentration in pomegranate,sour cherry,and red grape juices by PPy-Ag nanocomposite fiber for authentication

A solid phase microextraction fiber based on nano-sized polypyrrole-Ag (PPy-Ag) was fabricated. The size and morphology of PPy-Ag particles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A method based on PPy-Ag-SPME-gas chromatography (GC) was developed for determination of sour cherry and grape juice adulteration in pomegranate juice samples by determination of volatile organic acids (VOAs) concentration. The VOAs of pomegranate juice (valeric, isovaleric, lactic, and acetic acids) were extracted by fabricated polypyrrole-Ag fiber, and the concentration of VOAs was determined by GC analysis. The effects of pomegranate juice (PJ) percent, sour cherry juice (SCJ) percent, and red grape juice (GJ) percent as three variable factors on the concentration of VOAs were studied. Box Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to design the experiments that study the effect of factors on the VOAs concentration. The results showed that sour cherry and grape juice adulteration in pomegranate juice can affect the VOAs concentration, and there is a good relation between pomegranate, sour cherry, and grape juice percent and VOAs concentration. So the presented analytical method is a suitable and fast method for determination of pomegranate juice authentication.     

食用天然石榴色素的性质及应用研究

对食用天然石榴色素的性质进行了研究。该色素对热、光照及发霉等具有稳定性，其红色色素溶液随ｐＨ值的改变而发生变化，变色灵敏且可逆。可做酸碱指示剂。并对其做了实用实验。     

Black carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus) juice: Processing effects on antioxidant composition and color

Black carrot, a potential source of anthocyanin pigment, has high antioxidant activity. The effect of pre-press maceration treatment with different doses of cell wall degrading enzyme pectinase (Aspergillus niger Teigh) on antioxidant composition of black carrot juice was investigated. Enzyme-assisted processing significantly (p < 0.05) improved the antioxidant composition of black carrot juice. There was an overall increase of 33% in juice yield, 27% in total phenolics and 46% in total flavonoids. The total anthocyanin content in black carrot juice was almost doubled. The in vitro total antioxidant activity in black carrot juice extracted through enzyme-assisted processing was 30.0 and 62.0 μmol TE/mL in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays, respectively.There was 30% increase in total antioxidant activity of black carrot juice extracted with enzyme over straight pressed juice. The results indicate that tailoring of specific enzyme mixtures can yield antioxidant rich juice products. Optimizing a strategy for extraction of phenolic rich juice from black carrots can offer an opportunity for its utilization in developing novel functional beverages with enhanced color appeal and high antioxidant activity.     

石榴营养套餐施肥技术应用效果初报

通过应用腐植酸型高效缓释肥与高活性有机酸叶面肥相结合的营养套餐施肥技术,石榴单位面积产量达到2606kg,比常规施肥处理增长29.14%;石榴果实含糖量提高1.3%;经济效益增加2933.5元,增收40.55%。     

Pomegranate and Its Components as Alternative Treatment for Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men in the United States. There is a major need for less toxic but yet effective therapies to treat prostate cancer. Pomegranate fruit from the tree Punica granatum has been used for centuries for medicinal purposes and is described as “nature’s power fruit”. Recent research has shown that pomegranate juice (PJ) and/or pomegranate extracts (PE) significantly inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in culture. In preclinical murine models, PJ and/or PE inhibit growth and angiogenesis of prostate tumors. More recently, we have shown that three components of PJ, luteolin, ellagic acid and punicic acid together, have similar inhibitory effects on prostate cancer growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Results from clinical trials are also promising. PJ and/or PE significantly prolonged the prostate specific antigen (PSA) doubling time in patients with prostate cancer. In this review we discuss data on the effects of PJ and PE on prostate cancer. We also discuss the effects of specific components of the pomegranate fruit and how they have been used to study the mechanisms involved in prostate cancer progression and their potential to be used in deterring prostate cancer metastasis.