球墨铸铁曲轴等温淬火工艺的研究

通过试验,研究了等温淬火工艺参数对等温淬火球铁的组织和性能的影响,优化等温淬火工艺,获得了优良的性能,使等温淬火球铁曲轴的抗拉强度高于950 MPa,伸长率大于6%,硬度在28～32 HRC.     

等温淬火球墨铸铁的生产工艺

简单介绍了等温淬火球铁的性能特点与应用状况,分析了化学成分与合金化处理对等温淬火球铁性能的影响。重点介绍了等温淬火球铁的热处理工艺,指出在保证完全奥氏体化的同时应适当降低奥氏体化温度,同时应根据产品最终性能要求来选择等温温度及其保温时间。比较了ADI、普通球铁、低合金球铁的性能和金相组织,说明ADI具有的特殊奥贝双基体结构使得其具有高强度的同时有良好的塑性和韧性。     

等温淬火对低碳球铁组织与性能的影响

设计了低碳球铁的两组化学成分,通过金相、拉伸及硬度实验,分别研究了相同奥氏体化工艺(890℃×40 min)、不同等温淬火工艺对低碳球铁组织与力学性能的影响。实验发现,A组成分试样奥氏体化后,在340℃×60 min工艺下获得最好的力学性能(σb=1 103.98 MPa,δ=6.84%);B组成分试样在320℃×120 min工艺下获得最好的力学性能(σb=1 352.58MPa,δ=10.67%)。对比金相组织后发现,在最低温度等温淬火的B组成分试样组织最好。球化处理加二次孕育后,其球化级别及石墨球径级别提高、分布均匀。     

等温处理工艺对等温淬火球铁显微组织和硬度的影响

上世纪70年代,通过奥氏体等温淬火开发出抗拉强度大于1000MPa、伸长率大于15％的高强度、高韧性等温淬火球铁。利用正交试验法,研究了等温淬火工艺参数对等温淬火球铁显微组织及硬度的影响。结果发现,在设计的试验工艺内全部可以得到以针状铁素体和富碳奥氏体为基体的等温淬火球铁组织;在等温淬火工艺中,等温淬火温度对试样硬度影响最为显著,其次是奥氏体化温度与奥氏体化时间,而等温淬火时间对于试样硬度的影响最小。     

低碳球铁的等温淬火工艺研究

对低碳球铁的等温淬火工艺进行了研究.测定了低碳球铁件在几种不同奥氏体化时间、等温温度、等温时间下的力学性能,并对金相组织进行了分析.实验结果表明:在900℃奥氏体化40min,340℃进行30min的盐浴处理,能得到σb=1040MPa,δ=3%,ak=42J/cm2,HRC=32的较高的力学性能.     

提高等温淬火球铁韧性的研究与生产实践

研究了高韧性等温淬火球铁的化学成分、熔炼及热处理特点.针对高韧性等温淬火球铁铸件,采用高C、Si,低Mn,严格控制P、S,采取有效的熔炼工艺并严格控制奥氏体化温度和等温淬火温度,使铸件本体力学性能平均达到抗拉强度970MPa,伸长率12.7%.     

30CrMnSiNi2A钢真空等温淬火工艺研究

通过对材料进行真空等温淬火和盐浴等温淬火系列对比试验,研究了等温温度对30CrMnSiNi2A钢的表观质量、金相组织和力学性能的影响,获得了30CrMnSiNi2A钢真空等温淬火的工艺参数。     

球铁等温淬火立式热处理机组

叙述了球铁等温淬火对奥氏体化加热炉和等温淬火槽的技术要求,指出工件从加热炉到等温槽的间隔时间不得超过40 s.详细介绍了自主开发的用于球铁齿轮、曲轴及其他轴类零件等温淬火的立式热处理机组的组成、特点、规格及主要技术参数.球铁汽车螺旋锥齿轮用该机组进行等温淬火,完全能满足零件力学性能指标要求,同时还兼具有良好的社会经济效益.     

球墨铸铁曲轴等温淬火工艺的改进

S195柴油机球铁曲轴，常用的热处理方法有等温淬火、中频淬火和软氮化等三种，其中等温淬火最常用。为了提高曲轴的强韧性和劳动生产率，笔者对S195球铁曲轴的等温淬火工艺作了一些改进。1．化学成分、金相组织和等温淬火工艺S195球铁曲轴的化学成分（％）为：C3．6～3．9，SiZ．4～2．7，Mn＜0．5，P＜of，SO．03，Mgo．03～0．06，REO．02～0．04o等温淬火后金相组织要求：下贝氏体，马氏体（＜5％）和残余奥氏体；硬度40～48HRC，曲轴等温淬火原工艺为920CX45min＋f230～240C）Xlh，改进后的工艺为880CX15min＋（260～280C）Xl…     

蠕墨铸铁等温淬火工艺及性能的试验研究

以蠕墨铸铁为对象,研究了等温淬火工艺对材料室温力学性能、高温力学性能、热稳定性及冷热疲劳性的影响。结果表明:较佳的等温淬火工艺为:(850～880℃)×1.5 h+290℃×1.5h;等温淬火蠕铁常温至300℃,抗拉强度提高1倍以上,600℃时材料抗拉强度下降较多;等温淬火蠕铁在300～400℃温度下的金相组织与保温时间基本无关,等温淬火蠕铁的冷热疲劳性能优于普通蠕铁。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.