合成型蜗轮蜗杆油的发展及应用

简述合成型蜗轮蜗杆油的发展现状、性能,介绍聚α-烯烃(PAO)、合成酯、聚醚(PAG)等在蜗轮蜗杆油中的应用,并对合成型蜗轮蜗杆油的未来前景进行展望。     

合成轴承循环油3007在JHY200-315合金泵的轴承箱上的应用

根据我厂耐腐蚀泵的轴承箱的润滑油使用寿命短、轴承易烧坏等情况，选用高档合成轴承循环油，解决了冬、夏油品不通用、换油周期短、轴承寿命短等一系列问题，既降低了油品及配件消耗，节约了生产成本，又大大降低了维修强度，为解决工业上类似问题提供了有益的借鉴，具有重要的实际意义。     

合成高温链条油的研制

根据国内薄膜拉伸拉幅设备工况及其链条用油要求，研制了高温链条油SHT 600，并建立了与工况接近的评价方法，对研制的SHT 600号合成高温链条油的理化性能进行了评定及在生产线上进行了试验，试验表明该油满足薄膜拉伸拉幅设备链条润滑的苛刻要求。     

复叠式深冷机组

温州亚光天宜科技有限公司是专业制造低温制冷机组的厂商。该公司生产的深冷机可广泛用于制药、化工行业的低温合成反应。其特点:(1)采用独特设计,大幅提高了复叠式机组中低温机组的低温回油效率,无需采用庞大的回油装置或外置加热装     

复叠式深冷机组

温州亚光天宜科技有限公司是专业制造低温制冷机组的厂商。该公司生产的深冷机可广泛用于制药、化工行业的低温合成反应。其特点:(1)采用独特设计,大幅提高了复叠式机组中低温机组的低温回油效率,无需采用庞大的回油装置或外置加热装置,系统性     

复叠式深冷机组

<正>温州亚光天宜科技有限公司是专业制造低温制冷机组的厂商。该公司生产的深冷机可广泛用于制药、化工行业的低温合成反应。其特点:(1)采用独特设计,大幅提高了复叠式机组中低温机组的低温回油效率,无需采用庞大的回油装置或外置加热装置,系统性能运行上万小时不衰减,同比其他产品节能5%以上。     

油雾润滑系统 续

三、油雾润滑的管道设计 油雾润滑的管道有二部分:一是给发生器供压缩空气的空气管道。这部分管道,可以使用镀锌管和紫铜管等,可按发生器产品规格选其入口管径。二是油雾润滑管,它是发生器连结喷嘴的主管,分支管和岐管。油雾发生器出口管称主管道,下来是分支管道,而连各润滑点则称之岐管。油雾润滑管道从设计到布置管网和管子材料都有不同要求,下面分别叙述。 1 油雾润滑管的要求 油雾润滑使用的管子材料应适合油雾流的通过,应能抗化学剂的侵蚀和适应环境温度。一般采用低炭钢管和紫铜管,也可以用经阳极化处理的铝管。在有移动和摆动处可用橡胶挠性或合成橡胶管,管子使用工作压力不超0.196MPa。     

对分散在蜗杆油中的纳米颗粒摩擦学性能的试验研究

本文选用合成极压蜗杆油、未加油性剂和极压剂的半成品合成蜗杆油作为基础试验油，将超微金刚石颗粒、纳米铁颗粒和纳米铜颗粒分别以两种不同重量比分散到半成品蜗杆油中，在MM－200型磨损试验机上进行传统油性剂、极压剂与纳米颗粒的抗磨减摩性能对比试验研究。试验结果表明：纳米颗粒不仅具有良好的抗磨减摩性，并且在一定条件下，平均粒径尺寸为5nm的超微金刚石颗粒的抗磨减摩效果优于传统的油性剂和极压剂，可能成为新一代的抗磨减摩添加剂。     

二冲程汽油机润滑油生物降解性及其评定方法的研究

参照欧洲CEC标准创新性地建立了二冲程汽油机油生物降解性能评定方法，该方法所得实验结果与国外已公布的类似方法评定结果相比，具有良好相关性，且方便、可靠、重复性好、更符合我国的实际。考察了二冲程油基础油和商品二冲程油的生物降解性能，为评估二冲程油对环境的影响和开发国产生物降解二冲程油打下了良好的基础。     

4M16(C)型压缩机气缸无油润滑改造

介绍了无油润滑技术在取消平衡段的氮氢气压缩机Ⅴ、Ⅵ级气缸上的使用情况，改造后对合成触媒有保护作用，使用效果良好。     

自乳化酯在全合成切削液中的性能研究

为探讨自乳化酯作为全合成切削液主润滑剂的可能性,以聚醚、四聚蓖麻油酸酯、自乳化酯为润滑剂调配了不同的合成切削液;采用四球抗磨试验机以及攻丝扭矩试验机、液体循环泡沫试验机,考察3种润滑剂在全合成切削液中的润滑性能、抗磨性能及抗泡性能。结果表明：自乳化酯能有效提高全合成切削液的润滑性能和抗磨性能,其润滑性能及抗磨性能与四聚蓖麻油酸酯相当;自乳化酯的抗泡性能显著优于四聚蓖麻油酸酯,与聚醚类润滑剂抗泡性能相当。自乳化酯具有良好的润滑及抗磨作用,且泡沫相对较低,可以与其他类型添加剂复配,用于全合成切削液中。     

纳米碳球作为合成酯抗磨剂的摩擦学性能研究

采用表面化学改性的方法得到硬脂酸修饰的纳米碳球,在四球摩擦试验机上考察纳米碳球在合成酯类润滑油中的抗摩擦性能,探讨纳米碳球的抗磨与润滑机制。结果表明,通过表面改性,显著提高纳米碳球在润滑油中的分散稳定性;纳米碳球作为合成酯润滑油抗磨剂表现出优良的抗磨减摩性能;在转速1.200 r/min,载荷150 N的实验条件下,质量分数0.07%的改性纳米碳球可使三羟甲基丙烷混酸酯平均摩擦因数减小幅度达到30%左右,磨损率降低33%,质量分数0.15%的改性纳米碳球可使季戊四醇油酸酯的平均摩擦因数降低幅度达到50%以上,磨损率降低14.6%     

Performance of synthetic oils in the hydrodynamic regime — 1. experimental

An investigation of the performance of environmentally adapted synthetic oils in the hydrodynamic lubrication regime has been carried out. Four oils have been tested: polyalphaolefin and ester based ISO VG46 oils as well as mineral ISO VG68 and VG46 oils. Tests were conducted in a facility containing two identical tilting‐pad thrust bearings typical of the design in general use. The differences between the mineral and synthetic oils in terms of maximum operating temperature, minimum oil film thickness, and bearing power loss have been examined. Substitution of the mineral ISO VG68 oil with an ISO VG46 oil slightly reduces the bearing operating temperature. This is due to a decrease in the basic viscosity. It is concluded that the ester base ISO VG46 oil can be used as an environmentally adapted replacement for the mineral ISO VG68 oil without sacrificing bearing safety. Such a change also offers noticeable energy savings. If the ester based oil is used instead of a mineral oil of the same viscosity grade, bearing reliability is improved by the increased oil film thickness.     

A study of the effect of palm oil as MQL lubricant on high speed drilling of titanium alloys

The main objective was to study the potency of MQL palm oil (MQLPO) as a lubricant in the high speed drilling of Ti-6Al-4V. For the comparison, MQL synthetic ester (MQLSE), air blow and flood conditions were selected. Uniform flank wear, micro-chipping, thermal cracking and flaking were the dominant tool failure modes. It was found that MQLSE and MQLPO gave comparable performance with the flood conditions. In addition, MQLPO outperformed MQLSE on the cutting forces, temperature, power and specific cutting energy. This shows that palm oil can be used as a viable alternative to synthetic ester for MQL lubricant.     

十二酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯的制备及其在半合成切削液中的应用

采用十二酸、二乙醇胺和硼酸为原料制备十二酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分析其结构。将一定量的该硼酸酯加入基础油中制备一种半合成切削液,分析其腐蚀性能和防锈性能,并通过四球摩擦试验机测试其极压抗磨性能。结果表明;制备的硼酸酯在半合成切削液中具有良好的极压抗磨性能,当硼酸酯的质量分数为11.3%时,5%切削液稀释液的摩擦因数达到0.056,最大无卡咬负荷达到392 N。采用该硼酸酯制备的半合成切削液的各性能指标达到GB/T 6144-2010标准。     

Synthetic Lubricants in Hydrodynamic Journal Bearings: Experimental Results

Synthetic lubricants and additives have seen many major improvements in recent years. However, very little is known about the performance peculiarities of these new lubricants in actual machines. To fill this gap, a new full-scale hydro-dynamic journal bearing test rig has been constructed to evaluate the behavior of conventional and new bearing designs, synthetic lubricants and variations in operating parameters. This test rig’s bearing has diameter 180 mm with measuring capabilities including continuous film thickness and film pressure as well as temperature. The new machine was used to compare a number of synthetic lubricants to mineral based lubricants, finding that performance of the synthetic lubricants was superior to their mineral based counterparts of much higher viscosity grade. These tests showed that high viscosity index (VI) synthetic lubricants had higher viscosity in the region of maximum pressure and lower viscosity elsewhere in the bearing than similar mineral based lubricants. This reduction in viscosity in low pressure zones was found to produce a measurable reduction in friction and power loss in the bearing system. This paper provides comparative performance results of several formulations of current and future turbine oils from measurements of losses, oil film thickness, and temperature under a range of operating parameters. Lubricants tested include ISO VG68 and VG32 mineral based turbine oils (VG68 and VG32), ISO VG32 synthetic ester based oil (SE32), two ISO VG22 synthetic ester based oils (SE22 and SV22), and ISO VG15 synthetic ester based oil (SE15). It was found that SE32 and VG68 provided similar performance at lower speeds while SV22 provided similar performance to VG68 at the highest speed. Likewise, SE22 and SV22 provided similar performance to VG32 at low speeds while SE15 provided similar performance to VG32 at medium to higher speeds. Generally, the results demonstrate the potential for replacing mineral based lubricants with high performance synthetic lubricants of significantly lower viscosity grade without sacrificing bearing safety.     

Film-forming tendencies of some base fluids and viscosity modifiers

The film-forming tendencies of selected mineral base oils and synthetic base fluids were investigated with and without conventional GL-5 additive packages. A pressurised falling-body viscometer and a concentrated contact simulator were used to measure low-shear viscosities, central film thicknesses, and traction coefficients. Analysis of the mineral—based oils showed that a paraffinic base oil and a naphthenic base oil had similar film thicknesses, even though the naphthenic base oil has higher pressure-viscosity coefficients. A very high viscosity index oil gave thinner film thicknesses and lower pressure—viscosity coefficients than the paraffinic or naphthenic base oils. Analysis of the synthetic base fluids showed that a PAO-4 base fluid gave thicker film thicknesses than an ester base fluid. The analysis of fully-formulated oils showed that the PAO-4 oil containing a proprietary polyolefin provided a similar filnz thickness to the PAO-4 oil containing a more expensive PAO-100.     

The Influence of Total Acid Number of Ester Oil in Tribological Behavior of DLC Contacts

The synergetic lubrication effects between diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings and lubricating oils have draw much attention for the past decades, and promising results have been reported between DLC and biodegradable synthetic ester, which might be a potential solution in energy conservation and environmental protection. However, the challenges lie in that the synthetic ester oils exhibit lower oxidation stability than the hydrocarbon oils and are prone to produce organic acids in the aging process. Thus, investigating the tribological behavior of DLC coating in acidified ester oil is meaningful to the long-term reliability of ester-lubricated DLC contacts. In this article, the friction and wear behavior of DLC–DLC, DLC/steel, and steel–steel contacts in acidic ester oils with different total acid values (TANs) is systematically studied. It was found that acidification of ester oil showed certain beneficial tribological effects for the self-mated steel and DLC contacts but could cause severe wear loss on steel counterparts with a special polished appearance for steel–DLC hybrid contacts. By focusing on the properties of the tribofilm formed on the contact surfaces, a possible tribological mechanism was discussed. Finally, it was proposed that the steel–DLC contacts exhibited low tolerance to organic acids and thus the additives that could dissipate the produced organic acids are a critical component in lubricating oils that were tailored for the steel–DLC contacts.     

Seal Material and Base Fluid Compatibility: An Overview

This study compares the seal material compatibility of environmentally adapted base fluids with that of mineral and synthetic base fluids. The seal materials studied were nitrite rubber (NBR), hydrogenated nitrile rubber ( HNBR), and fluorine rubber (FKM) elastomers, which are common in lubricated applications. The base fluids studied were synthetic esters (monoester, polyol ester, complex ester, and diester), a natural ester (i.e., vegetable oil), different types of mineral base oils, polyalphaolefin, and a fluid of very high viscosity index. The base fluids have been studied without additives. The elastomeric properties measured include volume, hardness, tensile strength, and elongation. A small elastomer volume increase was observed for mineral base oils whereas a significant increase was noted for all synthetic esters when tested on NBR and HNBR. The mechanical properties of the elastomers deteriorated in all cases. The amount of deterioration (i.e., in the tensile strength and the elongation) was in general less than 30%.     

Mixtures of vegetable oils and di‐2‐ethylhexyl‐sebacate as lubricants

Lubricants based on vegetable oils are growing in popularity in various applications. Environmentally friendly, vegetable oils and their derivatives constitute alternatives to mineral‐based lubricants. Soybean oil, sunflower oil and rapeseed oil have better viscosity indices than mineral oils and even some synthetic oils, are biodegradable and have low production costs. However, vegetable oils have disadvantages, such as poor thermo‐oxidative stability due to the carbon–carbon double bonds and poor low‐temperature properties, which limit their use as lubricant base stocks. This study describes new base‐stock oils obtained from mixture of vegetable oils and di‐2‐ethylhexyl‐sebacate synthetic oil, which become lubricants when additives are introduced. These mixtures offer a large range of kinematic viscosities, while their pour points are under −33°C and their flash points over 240°C. The copper strip corrosion test result is 1a. The diameters of wear scars measured under four‐ball testing (40dyn) are less than 1mm. A differential scanning calorimetry study and a thermo‐gravimetric study under a nitrogen atmosphere for the mixed oils are reported. In the former study two‐endothermic processes were observed between −15°C and −50°C. In the thermo‐gravimetric analysis curve the weight loss is specific for each vegetable and synthetic oil component. From these studies a higher thermal stability was observed for vegetable oils than for ester oils, and it was concluded that the mixtures of vegetable and synthetic oils of diester type are physically homogeneous mixtures. The low production cost of lubricants based on vegetable oils makes them attractive alternatives for mineral oil based lubricants. Overall the mixtures of vegetable and ester oils can be competitive base oils for environmentally friendly lubricants. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.