形状记忆可展桁架在轨热变形分析研究

本文借助I-DEAS软件建立了针对形状记忆可展桁架的热-结构耦合分析模型,并试验验证了分析模型的准确性。在此基础上,采用多层隔热复合材料作为热控措施,计算分析有/无热控措施及预紧力大小对桁架温度与热变形的影响。结果表明,包覆多层隔热材料效果明显,可将桁架在轨周期内的温度差减小85%,位移差减小80%,有利于对可展桁架进行温控,实现展开与收拢,减小运行期间振动的影响。桁架变形大小由预紧力和热应力共同决定,随着预紧力增大,桁架位移差逐渐减小。     

有限元求解瞬态温度场的新方法

柴油机是一种热能动力机械,常会因高温热负荷引起一些部件的故障,如缸套、活塞、活塞环、气门的过早损坏;燃烧室、活塞顶部位的烧蚀;缸盖、活塞、缸套的开裂,显然研究这些部件的温度场意义重大。以往的研究局限于用有限元求解稳定温度场,而实际温度场是随工况不同而不断变化的。本文对用有限元求解瞬态温度变化进行了初步研究,其结果可用于求解柴油机一些部件的瞬态温度场。     

地铁车站环控温度场速度场

对不同环控系统和季节的地铁车站环控温度场和速度场进行实测研究，比较了不同运行模式下的地铁车站速度场，以及不同环控系统车站的速度场；分析了不同季节地铁车站温度场的变化特点和不同环控系统对地铁车站温度场的影响。     

月面着陆器遮阳伞辅助热控方法散热性能分析

针对月面着陆器的热环境特点,为了提高月面着陆器热排散系统的散热能力,增加月面着陆器任务驻留时间,提升着陆器的探测能力与可靠性,提出了一种遮阳伞辅助热控装置。结合月面热环境特点分析并建立了月面着陆器热控分析模型,并针对无遮阳伞、固定型遮阳伞以及可调节型遮阳伞这三类应用于月面着陆器的辅助热控装置散热性能进行仿真分析,获得不同情况下月面着陆器散热能力随太阳高度角的变化关系。研究结果显示有、无遮阳伞辅助热控装置,散热性能相差300%,并且可调节型遮阳伞辅助热控装置可满足月面着陆器整个任务周期内的散热性能要求。     

电窑制备SiC结合Si3N4材料加热阶段的数值模拟

电窑中SiC-Si3N4耐火砖的烧制过程按时间可分为三个阶段,即加热阶段、化学反应烧结及冷却阶段。用数值仿真的方法模拟加热阶段,分析窑内温度场的均匀性。发现窑内热棒的位置及供热功率变化对温度分布影响较大;窑内的对流换热对改善温度场,减小砖坯的表面温差有一定作用;由于发热棒的不合理布置,使得窑内的温度场均匀性较差,升温速率较慢,电窑热效率偏低。     

地下承压含水层水-热运移特性的模拟研究

依据地下水文地质的相关概念和渗流力学的理论基础,建立了地下含水层热量运移的数学模型.以微山地区一工程为背景,对1抽2灌井群的热量分布规律进行了求解,得出了井群的水流速度场、水头压力场以及温度场分布.经计算分析得出:①在抽灌状态下,水压的变化较温度场快,影响范围也较大.相对应的温度影响半径相对较小,变化速度较慢且不明显;②温度场的影响半径主要集中在井周围约30m范围内,其温度的变化梯度为0.17℃/m.而超出此范围的区域,影响的相应时间较长,幅度不大;③夏季抽灌温差采用:10℃大温差运行,有利于避免或减小热贯通现象,且可减少抽灌水量.     

空间流体回路的动态特性建模与闭环控制仿真

某航天器在轨运行面临外热流的频繁波动和载荷热耗的时变性扰动,热控分系统需要利用流体回路的自适应调节能力,维持被控对象在稳定的温度范围内。首先通过Sinda/Fluint模型对流体回路的动态特性进行了分析,验证了集总参数法的可行性,为Matlab的建模提供了依据,并对Sinda/Fluint模型的PI控温算法进行了初步探索,阐述了Matlab深入细化建模的必要性。最后基于理论分析,对流体回路系统的传热和流动过程进行了分析和简化,搭建了Matlab的动态特性仿真平台。结果表明,模型和算法满足系统控温需求。     

砾砂回填条件下地埋管换热器周围温度场试验研究

为研究不同工况砾砂回填条件下土壤源热泵地理管换热器周围温度场的变化规律,通过自主设计的可模拟地下水渗流的砂箱试验台,以砾砂为回填材料,测试了多种工况下地埋管换热器周围的温度场,并利用Surfer软件绘制等温线。结果表明,饱和无渗流条件下,温度场呈圆形对称分布,随着热负荷的增加,温度场达到稳定的时间延长;稳定后的温度变化量增加;温度变化明显区域的范围增大。饱和有渗流条件下,温度场沿渗流方向向下偏移,随着渗流速度的增加,温度场达到稳定的时间缩短;上游各点达到稳定后的温度变化量减小,温度变化明显区域的范围缩小;下游各点达到稳定后的温度变化量先增大后减小,温度变化明显区域的范围扩大。研究成果提供了一种温度场测试的新方法。     

柴油机活塞的热状态分析

对柴油机活塞的热状态进行了分析,给出了活塞温度场的计算方法。以某柴油机改型前后活塞顶结构变化为例,研究了顶部不同燃烧室型式对活塞温度场的影响,为活塞的结构改进与优化提供了有效依据。     

活塞热疲劳分析

用Pro/E建立活塞几何模型,在ANSYS单元库里选取热结构耦合单元,对模型网格进行优化,并对活塞温度场进行标定,然后进行热机耦合分析计算,得到活塞温度场、热应力场和变形。计算结果表明,在低频热疲劳下,活塞循环次数最少约是1 120 000次,这为活塞的结构改进和优化提供了依据。     

An investigation into the lattice thermal conductivity of random nanowire composites

The lattice thermal conductivity of compact random silicon and germanium nanowire composites was investigated by using a Monte-Carlo (MC) simulator, which was developed based on the gray medium approximation and unstructured grids. By defining the local equilibrium temperature as the one which preserves the local phonon energy in the interested heterogeneous subregion, we are able to obtain the effective thermal conductivity of random nanowire composites and explore the effects of the wire shape and the composition concentration on it. The results show that among the three kinds of wire shapes investigated – triangle, quadrangle, and voronoi, the random quadrilateral nanowire composites are the best thermal conductor under a fixed interface density or a fixed characteristic wire size and that the dependence of the effective thermal conductivity on the silicon volume concentration is approximately parabolic. The influences of these two factors are equally strong. Moreover, the parabolic dependence can be well explained by the effective medium approximation model for three bond percolation systems.     

Thermal–structural analysis of large deployable space antenna under extreme heat loads

Large deployable space antennas may be exposed to severe thermal environments in future space missions; extreme heat loads will result in considerable thermal stresses and deformations which seriously affects the accuracy of the antenna's parabolic surface. In this study, thermal–structural finite element analysis of a deployable AstroMesh antenna under extreme heat loads was presented. Considering position and orientation with respect to the Sun and Earth, the antenna's temperature changing law under orbital heat fluxes was first evaluated to find the worst condition as loading point. Analyses for the antenna under different levels of extreme heat loads were then performed to obtain the temperature distributions utilizing an equivalent quarter antenna model. Based on the temperature calculation results and prestress designs, structural analyses were finally made to gain the resulting stresses and deformations. The analysis results show that the existing antenna may generate significant performance distortion under extreme thermal environments; so attentions for reliability and safety under such conditions should be taken seriously in future antenna works. Modeling and analysis method proposed in this article was validated to be contributive in antenna's thermal and precompensation designs.     

Heat transfer characteristics of a reservoir embedded loop heat pipe (Heat transfer characteristics of a deployable radiator for use on the ETS‐VIII satellite while in orbit)

As heat generation in satellites increases, ensuring that they are provided with sufficient radiator panel area is an important problem. Deployable radiators, with radiator panels that are deployed post‐launch in space to increase the satellite's effective radiator panel area of the satellite, are becoming an important thermal control technology. A reservoir embedded loop heat pipe (RELHP) is used in deployable radiators as a heat transport device. A deployable radiator of this type was mounted on the ETS‐VIII satellite, which was launched on December 18, 2006 and injected into a geostationary orbit. The satellite is still operating without any significant issues over two years later. This paper investigates the heat transport characteristics of an RELHP system used in a deployable radiator in a geostationary orbital environment. This system can be successfully started up in a micro gravity environment. We also found that the sub‐cooling region is shorter in a micro gravity environment than in a terrestrial gravity environment, because there is less heat leakage into the reservoir in a micro gravity environment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20346     

Design of three-dimensional interconnected porous hydroxyapatite ceramic-based composite phase change materials for thermal energy storage

In this article, three-dimensional connected porous hydroxyapatite ceramics (PHCs) were prepared by using the Pickering emulsion template, which possessing controlled pore structure simply by adjusting the solid content from 35 to 55 wt%. The polyethylene glycol (PEG) and PHCs were compounded by vacuum impregnation to acquire composite phase change materials (CPCMs) with admirable shape stability. The SEM and EDS images showed that PEG was successfully adsorbed in the pore, and the results of FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and thermal cycles test, demonstrated the CPCMs possessed satisfactory chemical stability, favorable thermal stability, and wonderful thermal reliability. The maximum package ratio obtained was 66 wt%, which was supported by the PHC sample prepared with a solid content of 40 wt%. Moreover, the phase transition temperature and latent heat during melting and solidification were 53.41°C and 117.5 J/g, 36.49°C and 111.1 J/g, respectively. Therefore, the prepared PCM composites had a controlled pore structure, stable chemical properties, high latent heat, and excellent thermal reliability, making it a reliable application of thermal energy storage.     

A Theoretical Analysis on the Thermal Buckling Behavior of Fully Clamped Sandwich Panels with Truss Cores

This article presents a theoretical analysis on the thermal buckling behavior of sandwich panels with truss cores under fully clamped boundary conditions, subjected to uniform temperature rise. The Reissner model is developed by ignoring the flexural rigidity of the core and considering the shear stiffness of the sandwich panel is only contributed by truss cores. By using double Fourier expansions to the virtual deformation mode, the critical temperature of sandwich panels is obtained. Theoretically predicted critical temperatures are in good agreement with those from FEM. The effect of boundary conditions and structure parameters of the sandwich panel are also discussed.     

贯流式机组水电站厂房底板施工期温度场仿真分析

对于水电站厂房这样结构复杂的大型水工结构,提出了将国外著名的大型有限元计算软件与自主开发的温度场、温度应力仿真计算程序相结合的方法,解决了在仿真中实现三维空间内混凝土跳仓浇筑的困难,并对某水电站厂房底板进行了仿真计算分析。利用此方法,工程人员可以根据具体的施工方案、浇筑顺序方便地进行温度场、温度应力仿真分析,掌握温度分布情况,及时采取减小温度应力的相应温控措施。     

外掺MgO对大体积混凝土温度应力的影响分析

采用三维有限元仿真计算程序对某碾压混凝土围堰掺M gO和不掺M gO两种方案进行了计算和分析,探讨了大体积混凝土掺用M gO后的温度应力分布特点,结果表明掺M gO后对基础强约束区混凝土温度应力有明显的补偿作用,是简化温控措施和减少温度应力裂缝的有效途径。为进一步研究碾压混凝土掺用M gO筑坝技术提供了重要参考。     

Thermal post-buckling behavior of simply supported sandwich panels with truss cores

This article presents a thermal post-buckling solution for sandwich panels with truss cores under simply supported conditions, when subjected to uniform temperature rise. The Reissner assumptions are adopted and truss cores are assumed to be continuous and homogeneous. Differential governing equations are developed based on the variational principle. The perturbation technique is employed to determine the thermal post-buckling path of sandwich panels with truss cores. Based on the present method, influences of truss core configuration, relative density, aspect ratio, and initial imperfection on the thermal post buckling behavior are discussed.     

Development of pentadecane/diatomite and pentadecane/sepiolite nanocomposites fabricated by different compounding methods for thermal energy storage

Global warming is one of the most important consequences of excess energy consumption. Phase change materials (PCMs) have prominent advantages in thermal energy storage owing to their high latent heat capacities and small temperature variations during the phase change process. However, leakage is a major problem that limits the use of PCMs. Leakage may occur in encapsulated PCMs or in composites where the PCM is attached to the surface of a supporting material or within the pores of that material. In this study, pentadecane/diatomite and pentadecane/sepiolite nanocomposites were fabricated by using unmodified and microwave‐irradiated diatomite and sepiolite samples and by using different compounding processes, such as direct impregnation, vacuum impregnation, and ultrasonic‐assisted impregnation methods. The microstructures and the chemical and thermal properties of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Subsequently, the thermal reliability and stability and the thermal conductivity of the PCM composites were also investigated. A melting temperature of 9.25°C and a latent heat capacity of 58.73 J/g were determined for the pentadecane/diatomite composite that was prepared with the direct impregnation method using a microwave‐treated diatomite sample. The pentadecane/sepiolite composite prepared in the melting temperature range 7.98°C to 8.53°C and latent heat capacity range 41.05 to 46.02 J/g. The results of the thermal analysis indicate that fabricated diatomite‐based or sepiolite‐based PCM composites have good potential as thermal energy storage materials.