地下水除铁除锰技术的分析及其发展方向初探

地下水中铁锰超标是会给日常生活和工业，生产带来一系列不利因素。本文通过研究几种地下水除铁除锰方法，提出了现有的几种常规处理方法所存在的问题，为新的除铁除锰方法的提出奠定了基础。     

地下水生物除铁、锰的影响因素试验研究

目的：研究锰砂滤层去除铁、锰过程中滤速、温度、溶解氧3个因素对去除效果的影响,为生物法除铁、锰的实际运行提供了参考依据。方法：在其他运行条件相同的情况下,只改变其中一项,进行去除率试验对比。结论：（1）当处理只有铁超标的地下水时,滤速可以适当提高,锰超标时,出水中的含锰量是选择过滤速度的主要的控制指标;（2）DO在一定范围内的变化对生物除铁除锰效率的提高无显著影响。从经济性和微生物角度考虑原水DO维持在3mg／L左右既可满足运行要求;（3）当铁锰共存时,最适宜的处理环境温度为20℃。     

NHD在化肥厂脱硫脱碳中的应用

介绍NHD在国内 5个化肥厂的应用情况 ,表明NHD脱硫脱碳工艺技术先进 ,气体净化度高 ,节能效果明显 ,低闪气CO2 纯度高。     

文昌油田海底输油管线在线清蜡技术研究

文昌油田产出原油蜡含量较高,含蜡原油在集输条件变化时易沉积结蜡。为了保证原油集输系统稳定运行,筛选出一种在线乳液型清蜡剂体系,并对其清蜡效果进行了评价。确定在线乳液型清蜡剂体系配方为:油相(V二甲苯∶V环己烷=1∶1)∶水相(1%JFC+0.5%SPAN60+0.5%AEO9+1%NaOH)=1∶1。在20mL乳液型清蜡剂体系中加入0.5g蜡样,在50℃下清蜡8h,清蜡效果较好,清蜡率达83%以上。对在线清蜡机理进行了初步探讨。     

NHD净化技术在CO提纯工艺中的应用

充分利用合成氨装置现有条件，在CO提纯装置上成功采用NHD溶剂脱硫，脱碳净化技术，实践证明该工艺技术具有投资省，消耗低，净化效果好的特点。     

改性沸石去除废水中氮和磷的机理与应用

沸石不仅在自然界中广泛分布,而且在水和废水处理中也得到广泛的应用。该文介绍了天然沸石的几种主要改性方法,包括物理改性、酸改性、碱改性、盐改性、稀土改性和有机阳离子表面活性剂改性。讨论了应用以上改性沸石去除废水中氮和磷的机理,回顾了改性沸石强化废水脱氮除磷效果的性能研究,并展望了改性沸石今后进一步的研究方向和应用前景。     

三种絮凝剂除藻效果的比较

以合肥市环城河为研究对象,采用聚合氯化铝（PAC）、聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）、聚合硫酸铝铁（PAFS）三种絮凝剂对该含藻水体进行强化混凝除藻、除浊的试验研究,考察了絮凝剂种类及添加量、水样的pH、助凝剂的种类以添加量等因素对强化混凝效果的影响。结果表明：在相同添加量时,聚合氯化铝的除藻、除浊效果最好,当添加量为27 mg/L时,叶绿素a的去除率为87.46%,浊度的去除率为92.74%,添加高分子助凝剂PAM、HCA对原水的浊度、叶绿素a有一定的去除效果,助凝剂与絮凝剂的配合使用可改善絮凝剂的的混凝去除效果,助凝剂PAM的效果较好,当PAM的投加量为2 mg/L时,叶绿素a的去除率可提高5.91%,浊度的去除率可提高1.70%。     

城镇污水处理厂尾水深度化学除磷试验研究

以位于太湖流域的某城市污水处理厂A/O处理工艺的尾水为对象,进行了化学混凝除磷试验.结果表明,无机高分子混凝剂PFS和PAC较其他无机低分子混凝剂具有更好的除磷效果,且铁系混凝剂比铝系混凝剂除磷效果要好,PFS的除磷效果最好,PAC次之;混凝剂投加量为15 mg·L-1时,可使处理后出水TP的质量浓度＜0.5 mg·L-1,混凝剂PFS当n(Fe3+)/n(P)为1.25时除磷效果最好,是一种高效的混凝剂,投加量少、成本低;混凝剂和助凝剂联用时,非离子型PAM对PAC和三氯化铁的助凝效果较明显.降低城镇污水处理厂尾水中磷含量,化学除磷方法是一种有效、可行的选择.     

Ammonia, iron and manganese removal from potable water using trickling filters

Pilot scale trickling filters were constructed and tested in order to study biological removal of ammonia, iron and manganese from potable water. The effect of the size of the support material on nitrification performance was studied extensively. The mean size of the gravel and hence, the specific surface area was found to be critical for optimal nitrification operation. A steady-state model developed in previous work was used to predict filter's performance. The model was very accurate only for the gravel size for which maximum nitrification rates were observed. The effect of the operational conditions on the physico-chemical and combined physico-chemical and biological iron oxidation was also studied. It was found that the contribution of biological oxidation is significant, increasing filter's efficiency by about 6% and reducing the required filter depth by about 40%. Manganese biological removal was studied using gravel with small mean diameter, thus providing high specific surface area. Feed concentrations up to 4.0 mg/l were treated sufficiently. Finally, experiments were performed to investigate the simultaneous removal of ammonia, iron and manganese. Experimental results showed that the combined, as well as the simultaneous removal of the aforementioned pollutants, can be achieved by single-step filtration.     

除尘脱硫一体化系统理论分析

介绍了除尘脱硫一体化概念。从理论上分析了除尘、脱硫两个单元过程在一体化过程中可能发生的相互影响 ,在以前建立的除尘及脱硫过程数学模型基础上 ,计算了为达到所要求的煤气净化指标一体化反应器应满足的条件 ,为未来一体化试验提供了反应器设计初步理论依据。     

生物除铁除锰及其影响因素

随着生物技术在水处理工业中的推广应用，逐渐认识到生物处理是一种经济、可行的处理方案，该文说明了生物除铁除锰的作用及基本情况，并分析了影响生物除铁除锰的若干因素。     

化学除磷工艺研究进展

化学除磷是抑制水体富营养化以及从废水中回收磷资源的有效手段。本文阐述了铁盐、铝盐和石灰3种常见化学除磷药剂的除磷机理及其影响因素,如pH值、投加量、投药点以及经济性分析;概述了前置化学辅助除磷、协同化学辅助除磷、后置化学辅助除磷以及旁路化学辅助除磷4种化学辅助生物除磷工艺的特点,最后介绍了吸附法和结晶法除磷新兴工艺,阐明了磷资源回收是未来化学除磷工艺的方向发展。     

煤基热气体净化技术的新进展--多功能高温气体净化剂的开发

介绍了热气同温净化的新进展。热气体中的污染物,除了尘粒和无机硫化合物之外,还有机硫等,它们的危害性也很大,必须设法除去。     

Catalytic removal of NOx from total energy installation flue-gases: process design and development

The flue-gases from total energy installations can be used for CO₂ fertilization in greenhouses. However, the gases contain too much toxic chemicals to be led into the greenhouses untreated. At Delft University of Technology a process has been developed for the removal of these toxins. This so called ‘Delft NO_x/urea process’ has been tested successfully downstream of a natural gas fired engine. Our group has described that the process could be well used for so called lean-bum engines. However, for non-lean-burn engines, which have a very high NO_x output (1500 ppm), the required NO_x conversion was not reached. Which was caused by high NO_x concentration. Hence, the process should be optimized further for this purpose. Especially, the decomposition of urea should be given more attention. This paper focuses on this aspect. The decomposition has been investigated both theoretically and experimentally.     

除尘技术在煤化工生产中的应用

简述了常见除尘器的分类、工作原理及各自的特点,介绍了除尘技术在实际生产中的应用情况。可以看出,电除尘器和袋式除尘器被广泛应用于工业生产中,其他除尘器如旋风除尘器、湿式除尘器、惯性除尘器等还将在各自领域发挥作用,同时,新除尘技术如超声波除尘等也将应用于工业生产中。     

抛丸线的除尘浅析

介绍了目前一些主流除尘设备的除尘原理和性能参数,阐述了抛丸线除尘的特点,并且把传统的干式除尘方法与新兴的湿式除尘方法进行了详细的对比,为今后新建抛丸线选择除尘工艺提供参考。     

复合混凝法对凉果废水的处理

通过调整复合混凝剂优化处理工艺处理凉果废水,研究凉果废水的处理效果。通过数据分析可以得出结论:采用聚合硫酸铁、聚铝复合混凝剂,其适宜的用量为300 mg/L。凉果废水经过复合混凝处理,其糖及盐分去除率分别高达98.3%、99.7%,COD去除率和脱色率去除率分别为99.6%、96.9%,均达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)的一级标准。     

Catalytic removal of NOx from total energy installation flue-gases for carbon dioxide fertilization in greenhouses

A catalytic process, based on urea as a reactant to remove NO_x from the exhaust gases of total energy installations driven by gas engines has been developed. A prototype has been successfully tested using a commercial gas engine.     

大型文丘里式脱硫除尘器的优化

通过理论分析，对大型文丘里式脱硫除尘器的设计和操作条件进行优化，推导出最佳气速与液气比的计算公式，并已应用于工业生产