A Cost-Effective Ultrasonic Sensor-Based Driver-Assistance System for Congested Traffic Conditions

In urban areas, congested traffic results in a large number of accidents at low speeds. This paper describes an accurate and fast driver-assistance system (DAS) that detects obstacles and warns the driver in advance of possible collisions in such a congested traffic environment. A laboratory prototype of the system is built and tested by simulating different weather conditions in the laboratory. The proposed DAS is also suitable as a parking-assistance system. Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect obstacles in this paper because they have several advantages over other types of sensors in short-range object detection. Multiple sensors are needed to get a full-field view because of the limited lateral detectable range of ultrasonic sensors. Furthermore, crosstalk is a common problem when multiple ultrasonic sensors are used. A simple microcontroller-based method to reduce crosstalk between sensors is described, which is achieved by firing each transducer by a pseudorandom number of pulses so that the echo of each transducer can uniquely be identified. Existing DASs need more time to reliably detect the objects, making them unsuitable for DASs, where time is a critical factor. A method to reduce the obstacle detection time of the system is also proposed. The cost of this high-performance system is expected to be very reasonable. All the practical implementation details are included. Extensive experimentation has been carried out, and the results confirm the speed and reliability of the presented system.     

基于SPCE061A单片机的小车避障系统设计

自动避障小车在行使过程中,必须实时检测与障碍物间的距离信息。为了解决小车在单一传感器测距时,出现盲区的问题,系统采用红外与超声波2种传感器,在小车不同方位安装了3组传感器检测障碍物信息,红外传感器对0~30cm近距离障碍物检测,超声波传感器对30~200cm远距离障碍物检测,并且以SPCE061A单片机为控制核心,液晶HS12864-1为显示结果,设计了一种自动避障小车。测试表明:小车可检测出0~200cm内的障碍物距离,测量误差小于1%。     

交联聚乙烯电缆附件局部放电的联合检测方法研究

随着交联聚乙烯（XLPE）电缆线路的增多和投运时间的逐年增长,各类问题逐渐凸显,尤其是电缆附件的绝缘事故不断增多,而局部放电是评价XLPE电缆绝缘状况的重要指标,也是诊断电缆故障的有效方法。简要介绍当今常用的2种电缆局部放电在线监测方法,即电容差分法和特高频法（UHF）,重点介绍了它们的联合检测,利用差分传感器解决局部放电标定问题,利用UHF特高频传感器进行抗干扰处理。运用联合检测方法对现场运行的XLPE电缆进行了局部放电在线监测,取得了良好的效果。     

Nondaily behavior detection monitoring system for elderly people based on bayesian network representation of omnidirectional vision sensor

This paper describes an unusual behavior detection system based on an omnidirectional vision sensor, as one of the important elements in realizing “Sensing and Robotic Support Rooms” for elderly people. Such support rooms are expected to be further developed in the future with advanced abilities to automatically recognize elderly people's actions and behavior patterns, to detect unusual patterns by using sensors, and to support their daily motions by using robotic manipulator control systems. The proposed monitoring system using an omnidirectional vision sensor automatically learns daily behavior patterns and detects unusual behavior patterns and actions by using the Bayesian network approach. The Bayesian network is constructed by using image feature values such as area and center‐of‐gravity values extracted from a captured image sequence, and the respective behavior patterns are represented as conditional probabilities. Unusual behavior patterns can be automatically detected on the basis of the low generation probability values. Experiments based on the investigation of elderly people's typical daily behavior patterns have shown the effectiveness of the proposed system. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 172(3): 42–51, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20990     

Research on Facial Fatigue Detection of Drivers with Multi-feature Fusion

In order to solve the shortcomings of current fatigue detection methods such as low accuracy or poor real-time performance, a fatigue detection method based on multi-feature fusion is proposed. Firstly, the HOG face de-tection algorithm and KCF target tracking algorithm are integrated and deformable convolutional neural network is introduced to identify the state of extracted eyes and mouth, fast track the detected faces and extract con-tinuous and stable target faces for more efficient extraction. Then the head pose algorithm is introduced to detect the driver''s head in real time and obtain the driver''s head state information. Finally, a multi-feature fusion fatigue detection method is proposed based on the state of the eyes, mouth and head. According to the experimental results, the proposed method can detect the driver''s fatigue state in real time with high accuracy and good ro-bustness compared with the current fatigue detection algorithms.     

Development of fault point locating system for underground transmission lines using optical fiber current sensors

Fault point locating systems based on surge current detection have recently been used for fast recovery of underground transmission lines from faults. Electromagnetic induction type sensors have mainly been used for the detection of surge current. However, they are susceptible to electromagnetic noise which causes unstable system operation. To solve this problem, Tokyo Electric Power Co., Toko Electric Corporation, and Fujikura Ltd. jointly developed a new system using optical fiber current sensors. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 178(1): 21–28, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20981     

变压器局部放电超声法检测中超声传感器的应用

随着超声检测技术在变压器局部放电检测系统中的广泛应用,如何选择一个适合应用的超声传感器成为一个亟待解决的问题。通过对目前国内外变压器局部放电检测系统中超声传感器的应用现状及适用条件,以及各种传感器的灵敏度及工作频带等的实验和对比分析,指出了各种超声传感器的应用特点并预测了变压器局部放电检测系统中超声传感器的发展方向。     

A lane detection algorithm for personal vehicles

By the term “personal vehicle,” we mean a simple and lightweight vehicle expected to emerge as a personal ground transportation device. The motorcycle, electric wheelchair, and motor‐powered bicycle are examples of the personal vehicle and have been developed for personal transportation use. Recently, a new type of intelligent personal vehicle called the Segway has been developed, which is controlled and stabilized by using on‐board intelligent multiple sensors. The demand for such personal vehicles is increasing: (1) to enhance human mobility, (2) to support mobility for elderly persons, and (3) to reduce environmental load. With the rapid growth of the personal vehicle market, the number of accidents caused by human error is also increasing. These accidents are associated with driving capabilities; to enhance or support driving capabilities as well as to prevent accidents, intelligent assistance is necessary. One of the most important elementary functions for personal vehicles is robust lane detection. In this paper, we develop a robust lane detection method for personal vehicles in outdoor environments. The proposed lane detection method employs a 360° omnidirectional camera and unique robust image processing algorithm. In order to detect lanes, a combination of the template matching technique and the Hough transform is employed. The validity of the proposed lane detection algorithm was confirmed with a prototype vehicle under various types of sunshine conditions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(4): 23–32, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21193     

基于声电联合的开关柜局部放电在线监测系统研究

针对高压开关柜局部放电的在线监测,分析了多种局部放电类型和局部放电的检测方法,主要研究了用于高压开关柜的超高频检测法和超声波检测法的实现方法,设计了一种声电联合在线监测系统。该系统使用峰值检测芯片代替传统的检波降频电路,增加了系统的可控性。系统采用FPGA芯片处理超高频信号和超声波信号,实时性好,响应速度快。结果表明,系统能够独立进行信号的采集和处理,准确地识别出放电类型,完成放电信号的在线监测和定位,保障了开关柜的运行安全。     

Elimination of artifacts on aperture synthesis images using ultrasonic sensor's directivity and the ratio of intensity

Aperture synthesis images using a small number of ultrasonic sensors contain circular or elliptic artifacts. In this letter, to generate clear images less affected by artifacts with the same number of sensors, we propose a method that eliminates these artifacts using sensor's directivity and the ratio of its intensity. The experiments of detecting a plate were performed in terms of estimation of the edge point and the inclination of the plate. Results show that the proposed method can achieve smaller errors than the conventional method. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

基于组态软件的棚车车体自动检测系统

详细介绍了棚车车体自动检测装置的结构和工作原理,阐述了自动检测系统的软、硬件设计。通过超声波传感器和涡电流传感器检测车体的相关尺寸,并将实时数据上传给上位机进行计算、分析后与基准数据进行对比,再根据比较结果对车体进行整改,从而确保产品质量。采用车体自动检测装置后,不仅提高了工作效率,保证了产品的质量,而且提升了检测手段,实现了棚车车体检测的规范化和标准化。     

基于STM32的智能探测小车控制系统设计

在生产、生活等多种领域中,环境探测的需求越来越大,但有很多空间不适合人类活动或者存在一定危险性.针对上述特殊环境的探测工作,需要设计一些智能探测小车来完成.本设计采用上-下位机结构,下位机以STM32为核心,完成小车运动控制、环境探测、自动避障、以及与上位机的WiFi通信等4大控制功能.综合利用超声波和红外传感器的特点来检测障碍物,改善探测小车避障功能的稳定性.在实验室环境下,利用PC机上的VC++开发界面作为上位机设置小车运行与控制参数,本设计测试结果满足预期设计要求.     

一起GIS内部部件松动故障的在线检测与诊断

为尽早发现GIS内部部件松动,避免设备发生局部放电、内部击穿等严重故障,研究了应用超声法和超高频法对GIS内部部件松动进行在线综合检测与诊断,提出了检测的详细步骤:首先利用超声法按周期对GIS设备的关键位置进行检测;再利用超高频法对超声幅值异常区域进行检测;最后将超声幅值最大位置和设备内部结构图进行比对分析,确定松动部件。最后用案例证明了该方法的有效性。     

智能超声波驱鸟装置的设计与实现

根据电力输电线路的鸟害特点,设计了一种智能超声波驱鸟装置.重点分析了基于微波多普勒雷达的飞鸟探测原理,详细介绍了系统的软硬件设计及工作流程.该装置由太阳能电池板供电,通过微波多普勒雷达探测飞鸟,利用超声波和强闪光驱鸟.经试验验证:该装置具有成本低、免维护、可靠性高、驱鸟效果持续时间长等优点,可满足电力输电线路的驱鸟需求...     

Design support system for coloring illustrations by using the colors preferred by a user as determined from the hue patterns of illustrations prepared by that user

We propose a new design support system that can color illustrations according to a person's color preferences that are determined on the basis of the color patterns used by the same person in his previous work. Recently, many design tools for promoting free design have been developed. However, preferences for various colors differ depending on individual taste. Therefore, a system that can automatically color various designs on the basis of human preference is required. In this study, we propose an automatic modeling system that can be used to model illustrations. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, we simulate a coloring design experiment to determine the color patterns preferred by test subjects by using various design data. By using the design data, we determine each subject's preferred color pattern, and send feedback on these individual color patterns in the proposed system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 181(1): 19–27, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21283     

Sensorless sinusoidal wave drive for control of power factor of PM motor by detection of inverter bus current

Permanent‐magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) with sinusoidal back EMF are widely used in domestic appliances for the reduction of acoustic noise and energy consumption. PMSMs are generally controlled with a sinusoidal waveform current. Typically, PMSMs are controlled by vector‐controlled sinusoidal drives, which require substantial computational resources. Hence, simpler sinusoidal wave drives such as V/f drives, which control the phase difference between the voltage and the current (the power factor of the PM motor), have been proposed for controlling PMSMs, This paper presents a new method that does not require current sensors but can be used to estimate the phase difference by sampling the voltage of the shunt resistor, which is used to detect the overcurrent supplied to the inverter. This method allows for detection of the current and accurate estimation and appropriate control of the phase difference. Using this method, we were able to control the phase difference and achieve high efficiency, cost reduction, and high reliability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 180(4): 57–65, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21201     

接地网腐蚀状态电化学检测系统的开发与应用

开发研制接地网腐蚀原位电化学检测系统,采用小孔限流电化学传感器,实现了接地网金属电化学测试电流的限流;采用小波滤波软件和电化学检测参数解析软件,排除了发电厂、变电站、输电线路以及土壤等测试环境对电化学测试响应信号的干扰,准确解析出所测量接地网金属的极化电阻、土壤电阻等电化学参数。采用该系统进行接地网腐蚀检测时,无需开挖或停运地网,只需将传感器插入土壤中 (15 cm左右),测试引线连接在接地引下线上,便可获得地网金属腐蚀速度和腐蚀状态信息。     

一种小电流接地系统故障行波精确定位方法

针对小电流接地系统单相接地故障定位中行波波头难以检测的问题,并且对于当前检测方法中希尔伯特黄检测方法中存在模态混叠、计算效率不高和小波检测方法中小波基选择困难和计算量大等问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition, VMD)和Teager能量算子(Teager Energy Operator, TEO)的单端行波测距方法。该方法能够较好地检测行波波头,并且能大大降低计算复杂度。通过设置对故障测距定位的影响因素,在ATP-EMTP与Matlab综合仿真下验证了方法的可靠性。仿真研究表明此方法进行线路测距定位可靠性好、准确度高。     

承插焊接接头超声波检测方法研究

为了检测发电机组各种连接管的承插焊接接头内部缺陷,通过承插焊接接头的有限元应力分析,制作了模拟缺陷试块,选择合理的超声系统及超声反射信号进行试块的检测分析。检验结果表明,该超声波检验方法能灵敏有效地检测出该类焊接结构早期内部缺陷,可为该类焊接结构安全运行提供技术支持。     

红外LED在温度监控中的应用

为保证变电站中露天安置设备的安全运行,提出了现场环境设备温度监控的设计方案.该方案基于无源无线温度传感器,安装在现场的测温传感器的温度量转化为红外信号并发射,接收端的红外监控摄像机对传感器扫描接收,PC机对提取的红外图像处理、分析后,给出温度指示和异常报警信号.测温传感器采用温差模块直接向红外管供电方式;采用热敏电阻网络进行温度补偿;利用高斯-牛顿和麦夸脱算法对热敏电阻网络的参数进行优化计算.通过实际检验,所设计的方案获得满意的效果.