440C不锈钢金属注射成形工艺研究

本文探索了440C不锈钢的注射成形工艺,对脱脂、烧结等关键工艺进行了研究,分析了烧结温度对变形的影响.结果表明:采用两步脱脂法可得到无缺陷的脱脂坯;严格控制烧结温度是获得无变形烧结样的关键.合适的440C不锈钢注射成形工艺为:用二氯甲烷溶剂,在37℃脱除坯体中可溶性粘结剂组元,在升温速率为2.0℃/min、最高脱脂温度950℃、保温时间为1h和Ar脱脂气氛条件下脱除坯体中剩余粘结剂;当烧结温度为1 270℃,保温时间为60min时,440C不锈钢样品热处理后的性能为:密度7.24 g/cm3,硬度为50 HRC.     

纯钼注射成形工艺的研究

研究了纯钼注射成形工艺过程,包括钼粉的预处理、混料、脱脂和烧结工艺.研究表明,球磨后的粉末装载量可以达到50%,经适当的注射工艺、直接热脱脂和烧结工艺,得到了无缺陷的烧结坯,烧结坯的密度随烧结温度的升高而增大,在烧结温度为1850℃,烧结时间为120min时,达到最大值9.70g/m3,抗拉强度为200MPa,硬度为193HV10.     

微晶蜡基粘结剂应用于YG10硬质合金注射成形的研究北大核心

以微晶蜡等有机物作为粘结剂,进行WC-10Co(YG10)硬质合金的注射成形研究。原料粉末和粘结剂经混炼、破碎和过筛得到喂料,随后进行注射成形、脱脂和烧结。考察了注射温度、注射压力等工艺参数对成形性能的影响。实验结果表明:注射参数为注射温度为150℃、注射压力为11 Mpa和模温为40℃的条件下,可获得密度较高且无缺陷的注射成形坯体。成形坯体经溶剂脱脂和热脱脂后,最终在1400℃真空烧结90 min,可获得相对密度达99.5%、抗弯强度达2019 MPa、硬度为91.7HRA、钴磁为8.76 Gs·cm^(3)/g的YG10烧结体。     

脱脂工艺对注射成形钼合金碳含量的影响

采用粉末注射成形技术制备钼合金坯体,研究溶剂脱脂和热脱脂工艺对注射坯中碳含量的影响.结果表明,溶剂脱脂率随温度升高而增大,随坯体厚度增加而减小;热脱脂坯的碳含量和热脱脂的升温速率、坯体厚度和保温工艺密切相关.随升温速率加快,或坯体尺寸增大,热脱脂后坯体的碳含量增多;在400～550℃保温1h,碳含量急剧降低;采用多步保温能较大程度地降低热脱脂坯的碳含量,最低降至0.059％.脱脂坯中一部分热分解碳以游离态形式存在,另一部分热分解碳和钼颗粒发生反应生成钼的碳化物.     

粉末装载量对金属注射成形17-4PH不锈钢力学性能的影响

在硝酸气氛下对注射成形17-4PH不锈钢坯体中的粘结剂成分POM(polyformaldehyde,聚甲醛)进行催化脱脂,然后在真空烧结炉中进行热脱脂和烧结,研究粉末装载量和催化脱脂时间对催化脱脂率的影响,以及粉末装载量对烧结不锈钢的显微组织、致密度与抗拉强度的影响。结果表明:烧结不锈钢的显微组织为以奥氏体为主和少量铁素体共同组成的复合组织。随粉末装载量从55.1%增加至65.7%,催化脱脂率从7.8%降低到5.2%,但烧结密度从7.56 g/cm~3增加到7.66 g/cm~3,烧结不锈钢的抗拉强度从1 076 MPa提高到1 204 MPa;130℃下随催化脱脂保温时间从30延长至90 min,催化脱脂率从4.9%增加至6.7%,在90~150 min时间段内催化脱脂率稳定在6.7%左右。粉末装载量为65.7%的注射喂料经过90 min催化脱脂,可完全脱除粘结剂中的POM,催化脱脂率达到6.72%,注射坯形成完整的连通孔道。     

FeAl金属间化合物粉末注射成形工艺研究

通过机械合金化制备Fe-48at%Al金属间化合物粉末,分别按照33%、40%和50%的粉末装载量(体积分数)进行注射成形,成形坯经溶剂脱脂和热脱脂以及1 200℃真空烧结,得到FeAl金属间化合物.重点研究粉末装载量对喂料混炼、注射成形温度及压力、脱脂率及烧结组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,机械合金化FeAl粉末由于具有不规则形状和层片结构,其注射成形喂料流动性较差;在使用高粉末装载量时应提高注射温度和压力,且溶剂脱脂率较低(7 h后为94.3%),需进一步延长脱脂时间;FeAl金属间化合物烧结试样的相对密度和抗弯强度均随粉末装载量增大而提高,当粉末装载最为50%,注射温度和注射压力分别为154℃和4.0 MPa时,材料的相对密度为92%,抗弯强度达587 MPa.     

高比重钨合金注射成形工艺研究

对高比重钨合金的注射成形工艺进行了研究,包括粉末的预处理,喂料制备、注射、脱脂和烧结工艺,并对材料的微观组织和机械性能进行了分析。研究表明:预处理后粉末的装载量可以达到58%,经过适当的注射工艺及热脱脂烧结工艺后,可以得到无缺陷的烧结坯。在一定的烧结温度范围内,烧结坯的密度、硬度等性能指标随着烧结温度的升高而增大。对95WNiFe材料而言,当烧结温度为1 450℃,烧结时间为120 min时,其密度可达18.02 g/cm~3,硬度为29 HRC,抗拉强度为792 MPa,屈服强度为612 MPa,延伸率为10%。     

铜基粉末材料流动温压成形三通管的实验研究

近净成形技术制备复杂零件一直是流动温压成形工艺的发展目标。采用铜基粉末材料为研究对象,利用流动温压成形工艺在85℃下压制出三通管生坯,经过合理的脱脂烧结工艺,成功制备出三通管样品,并对试样的脱脂工艺、微观结构及密度等进行分析。结果表明:在300℃和450℃处分别保温30 min,缓慢升温至950℃烧结60 min可以得到外观光滑的铜基三通管烧结件,但烧结后零件各部分密度分布不均匀,横向部分密度明显低于轴向部分。     

熔渗铜用多孔金刚石坯体的制备

高体积分数金刚石颗粒增强Cu基复合材料由于硬度高导致其难以加工成形。采用粉末注射成形制备多孔金刚石预成形坯和Cu熔渗相结合的工艺可以实现金刚石/Cu的近净成形。本文对经过表面镀铬再镀铜的金刚石粉末注射成形涉及的关键工艺,包括粘结剂的选择、注射成形工艺过程、烧结工艺等进行研究。结果表明,采用成分为70%石蜡+25%高密度聚乙烯+5%硬脂酸的粘结剂作为金刚石粉末注射成形的载体时,喂料具备优异的综合流变性能,同时可以获得较高的固相体积分数。采用上述配方的粘结剂,最佳的注射温度为165～175℃,注射压力为80～90 MPa。脱脂金刚石预制坯最佳的烧结条件为:烧结温度1 050℃,保温时间25 min,此时坯体的强度达到10 MPa,孔隙基本全部为开孔隙。     

喷雾干燥-氢还原制备超细/纳米晶W-10Cu粉末及其烧结行为

采用喷雾干燥-氢还原法制备超细/纳米晶W-10Cu(质量分数,%)复合粉末,并经过压制和烧结制备W-Cu复合材料,系统研究烧结温度和保温时间对该材料性能和组织的影响,以及在1 100～1 300℃温度范围内的烧结激活能。结果表明,W-10Cu还原粉末晶粒度仅为30～60 nm;在1 200℃烧结时开始发生明显的致密化行为;随烧结温度升高相对密度增大,当烧结温度升高到1 300℃时W-10Cu复合材料的相对密度为90%,但当温度达到1 460℃时有所降低。1 420℃保温90 min时材料相对密度高达99.1%,且此时晶粒度仅为1.8μm。W晶粒尺寸为30～60 nm的W-10Cu复合粉末在1 100～1 300℃烧结的平均激活能为129.14 kJ/mol。烧结温度为1 420℃时W-10Cu的电导率随保温时间延长先增大后减小,保温90 min时最大达到19 MS/m,超过国标有关规定。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.