芭蕉芋淀粉糊特性及改性研究

研究了芭蕉芋淀粉糊的特性 ,并利用芭蕉芋淀粉制备了酸淀粉、氧化淀粉、淀粉磷酸酯、羧甲基淀粉等芭蕉芋改性淀粉 ,为芭蕉芋淀粉深加工指出了一条新路     

化学工业出版社重点书推荐

《变性淀粉制造与应用》(第2版)张燕萍主编39.00元该书重点介绍了变性淀粉的生产、性质和应用,列举了大量的淀粉改性与应用的实例,收集了许多变性淀粉的检测方法,同时还对淀粉的其它深加工产品的生产、性质及应用做了介绍。此次修订大幅增加了淀粉原料品种及其化学组成和质量标准;增加了各种不同原料淀粉的生产工艺及企业质量标准;增加了直链淀粉、支链淀粉及中间物质的结构分析;增加了糊精、脂肪酸淀粉酯、多孔淀粉、抗性淀粉及微球淀粉的性质及应用、生产反应机理、生产工艺、反应条件及生产实例;补充了酸变性淀粉、氧化淀粉、预糊化淀粉、淀粉磷酸单酯、淀粉乙酸酯、羟丙基淀粉、两性淀粉及多元变性淀粉的应用;补充了变性淀粉在食品中的应用实例;增加了淀粉及变性淀粉生产、研发中的分析检测方法;新增了淀粉加工的废水处理技术的内容;同时作为附录列出了淀粉(包括衍生物和副产品)工业中常用的术语。     

变性淀粉的种类及应用

本文较全面地综述了变性淀粉的种类,生产方法及应用,尤其对淀粉在纺织中的应用作了综述和展望。本文概述了几种典型的变性淀粉,如酸变性淀粉、氧化淀粉、酯化淀粉、醚化淀粉,交联淀粉及接枝共聚型变性淀粉。     

不同淀粉对淀粉型浸润剂性能的影响

本文介绍了酸解改性淀粉、酯化改性淀粉、阳离子淀粉、氧化淀粉、羟丙基化淀粉、交联酯化淀粉、交联醚化淀粉的制备和淀粉蒸煮工艺和浸润剂制备工艺,并对各种淀粉浸润剂进行了性能检测和评估,筛选出了几种适合于作为浸润剂粘结剂的改性淀粉.     

绿色化学品-改性淀粉的制备与应用研究进展

简要介绍了淀粉的结构特点,重点评述了改性淀粉如羧甲基淀粉、氧化淀粉、阳离子淀粉、交联淀粉、接枝淀粉、多元改性淀粉的改性和应用现状。指出改性淀粉作为许多工业的原辅料,其原料资源丰富,易生物降解,因此具有广阔的发展前景。     

改性淀粉在环境和生化工程中的应用

介绍了改性淀粉在环境工程和生物工程中的研究和应用,重点评述了酯化淀粉、醚化淀粉、接枝共聚淀粉、复合淀粉絮凝剂、淀粉微球等改性淀粉的应用研究进展,对今后的研究方向提出了一些建议。     

荔枝核淀粉提取工艺及其性质的研究

以荔枝核为原料 ,提取了其中的淀粉 ,并对其进行了纯化。对所得荔枝核淀粉的性质进行了研究 ,其中包括荔枝核淀粉的含量、淀粉中链淀粉和还原糖的含量 ,以及淀粉的颗粒形貌、溶解度、淀粉中的单糖组成。由于荔枝核的颜色较深 ,因此对荔枝核淀粉的最佳脱色条件也进行了研究 ,从而得到了一种性质较好的、较实用的淀粉     

淀粉/聚丙撑碳酸酯/马来酸酐酯化淀粉完全生物降解塑料的研究

制备了马来酸酐酯化淀粉,红外光谱分析证明淀粉进行了酯化反应,讨论了影响酯化淀粉接枝率的各种因素,确定了马来酸酐酯化淀粉的最佳反应条件。同时制备了淀粉/聚丙撑碳酸酯/马来酸酐酯化淀粉完全生物降解塑料,研究了酯化淀粉加入量对共混物的力学性能和微观形态的影响。结果表明:加入马来酸酐酯化淀粉后,改善了淀粉和聚丙撑碳酸酯的相容性,共混物的力学性能有很大提高。     

淀粉酯的合成、性质及应用

由于淀粉的可再生性和可应用性现已受到人们的广泛关注。通过酯化过程对淀粉改性,使淀粉的性质发生改变,扩大了淀粉的应用领域。文章对琥珀酸淀粉酯、醋酸淀粉酯、柠檬酸淀粉酯、长链脂肪酸淀粉酯、磷酸淀粉酯、硫酸淀粉酯的合成、性质及应用进行了综述,并对其发展前景进行展望。     

复合醚化淀粉制备工艺研究进展

复合醚化淀粉是一类重要的改性淀粉,在工业生产中具有广泛的应用。本文综述了交联醚化淀粉、酯化醚化淀粉、氧化醚化淀粉等复合醚化淀粉制备工艺的研究进展,重点探讨了目前的研究热点及存在的问题,最后展望了复合醚化淀粉今后的发展趋势。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003     

Determination of the extent of oxidation of fats

Summary The amount of secondary oxidation products in refined and unrefined fats has been determined by reaction with benzidine acetate in iso-octane absolute alcohol solution, and measurement of the absorption at 350 mμ of the yellow color has been made. An “aldehyde value” has been calculated from this absorption intensity, using cinnamaldehyde as a reference substance. Determination of the aldehyde value and peroxide number of oils before and during refining has given information on the effect of the different refining processes on the state of oxidation of the oils. The effect of hardening on the content of oxidation products of an oil has been investigated. The effect of the amount of oxidation products in the unrefined material on the flavor stability of the refined material and of the margarine made from it has also been studied.     

A Review of Contemporary Views of Theories of Adhesion

The once distinct and independent theories of adhesion have been losing their isolation and converging. Ideas of the effects of surface roughness, once dismissed as irrelevant except in the case of textiles, have been revised; albeit on a smaller scale as details of surfaces have been revealed by sophisticated techniques. Electrostatic interactions across an interface have been more deeply explored and their significance recognised and expounded. Diffusion of groupings and chain segments within a polymer have been related to the possibilities of interaction with a variety of surfaces. Perhaps most important, theories of adsorption have been extended in depth. The precise nature of the molecular interactions have been recognised and quantified. In doing this the contribution of diffusion and elastoplastic phenomena have been integrated. These developments are collated and analysed to present the present understanding of the concepts.     

Stability of granules of solid solutions of poly-pehnyleneterephthalamide

Conclusions Studies of starting solutions of PPTA in sulfuric acid and of granules obtained under pressrue at low temperature, and of granules stored in a hermetic package, have been carried out by the methods of differential thermal analysis, turbidity spectrum and viscometry.On granulation of a solidified PPTA solution, short-term storage of the granules in a hermetic package, or short contanct of the granulated mass with air, no appreciable change in melting point or of the intrinsic viscosity of the system takes place.Long storage of a granulated solution, even in hermetic packages, can lead to a considerable decrease in the melting point of the crystal solvates, caused by an increase in defectiveness of crystal structure under the effect of moisture.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 25–26, May–June, 1986.     

平板硫化机横梁受热变形及热板中高度的应用

介绍了平板硫化机热板中高度在硫化排气过程中的作用及其实现途径和评价方法;提出了设置热板中高度时应遵守的＂刚性横梁、柔性热板＂概念和＂最短路径、最小排气阻力＂原则;探讨了横梁热变形对热板中高度的影响。结果表明,参考横梁热变形设置的热板中高度有助于解决平板硫化机在复杂状态下硫化制品时的表面排气问题。     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

邢钢套筒窑换热器内漏生产实践

介绍了套筒窑换热器的工作原理、作用及邢钢套筒窑换热器内漏的判断依据,对套筒窑换热器内漏的原因进行了简要的分析,对内漏前后的主要参数进行了对比,同时结合实际生产情况,制定了行之有效的控制措施,收到了良好的效果。