折流板结构对换热器壳程性能影响的定量研究

针对弓形折流板、连续螺旋折流板换热器,采用CFD软件FLUENT,RNG k-ε模型,借助数值模拟的方法,定量地比较2种折流板结构下换热器的压降、传热系数、综合性能,并进一步分析了不同折流板结构下换热器壳程局部流场和温度场的分布特点。结果表明:同连续螺旋折流板换热器相比,弓形折流板换热器壳程速度场和温度场分布存在着明显的不连续性。弓形折流板相邻折流板间距同连续螺旋折流板螺距相同条件下,折流板螺距较小时,采用连续螺旋折流板能够明显提高换热器传热系数,但折流板结构改变对换热器综合性能的影响不大;增大折流板螺距,采用连续螺旋折流板能够明显提高换热器综合性能,但不同折流板结构下换热器传热系数变化不大。计算结果为折流板结构的选用提供了理论依据。     

两壳程螺旋和弓形折流板管壳式换热器的性能比较

对相同的换热器体积、相同折流板数、相同管程数的两壳程螺旋折流板换热器和两壳程弓形折流板换热器进行了对比性的数值模拟研究,结果表明:(1)在相同壳程Re下,两壳程螺旋折流板换热器的换热系数h比两壳程弓形折流板换热器略低,压降DP比两壳程弓形折流板换热器低40%.(2)在相同壳程流量G下,两壳程螺旋折流板换热器的换热能力比两壳程弓形折热器高60%,压降DP比两壳程弓形折热器高80%.(3)在相同壳程压降DP下,两壳程螺旋折流板换热器的换热系数h比两壳程弓形折流板换热器高30%.(4)在允许的压降范围内,当换热要求较高时,多壳程的螺旋折流板管壳式换热器可强化换热,带走更多的热量,保证生产的安全.     

螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳程传热性能及压降的研究

对螺旋折流板换热器和传统的弓形折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和壳程的阻力的对比,同时通过实验方法对30°、40°螺旋角的螺旋折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和壳程阻力的研究,得出螺旋折流板换热器的螺旋流动强化了传热,螺旋折流板换热器的壳程阻力比弓形折流板换热器的小。     

曲面弓形折流板换热器壳程流体流动与传热

提出一种新型折流板--曲面弓形折流板,并构造曲面弓形折流板换热器,采用数值模拟和实验相结合的方法研究其壳程传热和流动阻力性能。在实验方面,设计了实验用曲面弓形折流板和普通弓形折流板换热器试样,其中换热器管束采用可拆连接形式,以考察不同折流板结构和板间距的影响。通过改变管程及壳程流量和管程流体进口温度,获得了大量对应于不同折流板结构的壳程压力降和传热系数实验数据。在模拟方面,利用Fluent软件建立了曲面弓形折流板换热器和普通弓形折流板换热器流体数值分析模型,得到了壳程流体流场分布及壳程压力降和传热系数。结果发现,在相同结构参数和流动条件下,曲面弓形折流板换热器壳程压力降比普通弓形折流板换热器降低9%～24%,而壳程传热系数比普通弓形折流板换热器提高3%～11%。     

新型六分扇形螺旋折流板换热器壳程传热及流动特性

针对现有四分螺旋折流板换热器中心区域漏流明显的特征,提出了一种新型的六分扇形螺旋折流板换热器。建立了六分扇形螺旋折流板换热器的三维物理模型,应用Ansys CFX软件对其壳程流动与传热特性进行数值模拟,分析了不同螺旋角(10°、20°、30°、40°)和不同工况下六分扇形螺旋折流板换热器的壳侧性能,并与传统的弓形折流板换热器作对比。结果表明,六分扇形螺旋折流板可以显著减少三角区漏流现象的发生,壳程流体旋流特性较好。随着螺旋角的增大,壳侧速度场与温度场分布更加均匀,综合换热性能逐步提高。     

交错螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳侧传热与阻力性能

对交错搭接螺旋折流板换热器壳侧的流动与传热性能进行了实验研究,着重研究了内插假管及不同螺旋角度对壳程传热和阻力的影响,并与传统弓形折流板换热器进行了对比.结果表明,假管的存在反而使传热综合性能下降,同时,在相同的壳侧流量下,螺旋折流板换热器的壳程阻力和壳侧传热系数均随螺旋角的增大而减少,且小于同样条件下弓形折流板换热器的相应值.与弓形折流板换热器相比,螺旋折流板换热器的特点是单位压降下的壳侧传热系数高.     

螺旋折流板与弓形折流板换热器性能的数值模拟

针对弓形折流板、连续螺旋折流板换热器,采用FLUENT软件,k-ε湍流模型,通过数值模拟的方法比较了4块挡板的弓形折流板换热器和4个螺旋的螺旋折流板换热器的壳程流动与换热性能。结果表明:弓形折流板换热器流动湍动程度强,换热系数更大;螺旋折流板换热器壳程流动呈螺旋状,流动阻力更小;比较单位压降换热系数,螺旋折流板换热器综合性能优于弓形折流板换热器。     

螺旋折流板换热器三角区漏流阻塞的实验研究

目前普遍使用的螺旋折流板换热器壳程的一个螺距主要采用4块平面折流板结构,但在相邻两块折流板的直边搭接处存在顶角相对的两个三角漏流区,使壳程流体偏离理想的螺旋流,严重影响了换热器的性能。采用折面折流板结构,可以封闭原始折流板之间的外侧三角漏流区,使壳程流体更接近连续的螺旋流动。实验结果表明,采用折面折流板代替原始的平面折流板后,换热器总传热系数增加6.7%~19.1%,平均增大16.9%,表明此折面折流板能有效提高螺旋折流板换热器的换热性能。虽然壳程压降也随之增大,但带来的泵耗功率增量非常有限。换热器的热性能因子均大于1.0,平均值为1.071,表明结构改进后的换热器,其综合性能平均提高7.1%。基于实验数据,拟合了结构改进前后的换热器壳程传热系数和阻力系数的相关实验关联式。研究结果对于换热器的节能优化具有重要的指导意义。     

螺旋折流板换热器三角区漏流阻塞的实验研究

目前普遍使用的螺旋折流板换热器壳程的一个螺距主要采用4块平面折流板结构,但在相邻两块折流板的直边搭接处存在顶角相对的两个三角漏流区,使壳程流体偏离理想的螺旋流,严重影响了换热器的性能。采用折面折流板结构,可以封闭原始折流板之间的外侧三角漏流区,使壳程流体更接近连续的螺旋流动。实验结果表明,采用折面折流板代替原始的平面折流板后,换热器总传热系数增加6.7%～19.1%,平均增大16.9%,表明此折面折流板能有效提高螺旋折流板换热器的换热性能。虽然壳程压降也随之增大,但带来的泵耗功率增量非常有限。换热器的热性能因子均大于1.0,平均值为1.071,表明结构改进后的换热器,其综合性能平均提高7.1%。基于实验数据,拟合了结构改进前后的换热器壳程传热系数和阻力系数的相关实验关联式。研究结果对于换热器的节能优化具有重要的指导意义。     

螺旋折流板换热器在石油化工行业中的应用

通过实验对比分析弓形折流板和螺旋折流板换热器的壳程传热与流动特性,得出单位压降条件下螺旋折流板换热器壳程对流传热系数均高于弓形折流板换热器;当壳程流量相同时螺旋折流板换热器壳程压降远低于弓形折流板换热器,随着流量的增加二者相差越大.结果表明螺旋折流板具有单位压降条件传热系教高,流动阻力小,能有效防止管束振动和适用范围广的优点,在石油化工领域是冷换设备较为理想的选择.     

连续螺旋折流板换热器壳程流动与传热数值模拟

建立了连续螺旋折流板换热器三维模型并划分网格,采用分离式求解器、SIMPLE压力速度耦合方式与Realizable k-ε湍流模型,利用FLUENT软件对连续螺旋折流板换热器壳程流体流动与传热进行了模拟计算,得到壳程流体速度、压力与温度分布图,并与传统弓形折流板换热器作比较。螺旋折流板节距与弓形折流板间距相等时,螺旋折流板换热器壳程传热系数增加了25%左右,而压力降减小了18%左右。通过对不同螺旋角度的螺旋折流板换热器进行模拟分析,发现随螺旋角增大壳程传热系数和压力降都呈减小趋势,且壳程流体进口平均速度越大,作用越明显,故在实际工程中,盲目追求高的传热系数或低的压降都是不可取的。本数值模拟可为螺旋折流板换热器进一步的工程研究提供可靠的理论参考依据。     

周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器壳侧传热性能

探析了周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器高效强化传热性能的主要机理,周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器除了具备螺旋折流板换热器的一般特点外,还同时具有适合正三角形布管方案和防相邻折流板之间短路的功能;指出周向重叠方案相邻折流板连接处三角区内的一排管束可以有效抑制因上下游通道的压差引起的逆向泄漏;介绍了倾斜角为20°、24°、28°和32°的单头螺旋、32°双头螺旋周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器和弓形折流板换热器的试验结果,表明试验范围内的最佳方案是倾斜角20°方案,其平均壳侧传热系数、压降和综合指标(h_o/Δp_o)与弓形折流板换热器的数值之比分别为1.122、0.566和2.035。     

三叶孔板换热器壳程传热与压降

三叶孔板换热器是一种新型纵向流换热器,由于其具有传热效率高、压降低、抗振结构性能优越等诸多优点而广泛应用于核电行业。搭建三叶孔板换热器壳程传热与压降测试平台,对传热和压降的测量结果进行不确定度分析。对4台三叶孔板换热器模型进行实验研究,结果表明随着Reynolds数的增大,壳程对流传热系数和压降在对数坐标内线性增大;在Reynolds数相同的情况下,随着支撑板间距的增大,三叶孔板换热器壳程Nusselt数逐渐减小,压降逐渐降低,同时压力梯度逐渐减小。为了进一步分析说明三叶孔板换热器壳程传热与阻力性能,基于Bell-Delaware法设计了具有相同结构参数的折流板换热器。与折流板换热器的对比结果表明：三叶孔板换热器壳程Nusselt数平均为折流板换热器的1.25倍,壳程整体压力平均为折流板换热器的0.77,综合性能平均为折流板换热器的1.62倍。     

Comparison of heat transfer performances of helix baffled heat exchangers with different baffle configurations

Numerical simulations were performed on flow and heat transfer performances of heat exchangers having six helical baffles of different baffle shapes and assembly configurations, i.e., two trisection ba...     

1/4椭圆螺旋折流板换热器性能的数值模拟

运用大型CFD分析软件FLUENT在简化模型的基础上进行数值模拟,对比分析了1/4椭圆螺旋折流板换热器壳程的传热及阻力性能随螺旋角度变化的规律. 结果表明,在相同的操作条件下,1/4椭圆螺旋折流板换热器的传热及壳程阻力性能都随着螺旋角度的增大而减小,其中以螺旋角度为35o的综合传热性能最好. 此外,在相同的螺旋角下,1/4椭圆螺旋折流板换热器的综合性能优于1/4扇形螺旋折流板以及普通弓形折流板换热器.     

不同折流板结构螺旋折流板换热器传热性能的比较(英文)

Numerical simulations were performed on flow and heat transfer performances of heat exchangers having six helical baffles of different baffle shapes and assembly configurations, i.e., two trisection baffle schemes, two quadrant baffle schemes, and two continuous helical baffle schemes. The temperature contour or the pressure contour and velocity contour plots with superimposed velocity vectors on meridian, transverse and unfolded concentric hexagonal slices are presented to obtain a full angular view. For the six helix baffled heat exchangers, the different patterns of the single vortex secondary flow and the shortcut leakage flow were depicted as wel as the heat transfer properties were compared. The results show that the optimum scheme among the six configurations is a circumferential overlap trisection helix baffled heat exchanger with a baffle incline angle of 20° (20°TCO) scheme with an anti-shortcut baffle structure, which exhibits the second highest pressure dropΔpo, the highest overal heat transfer coefficient K, shel-side heat transfer coefficient ho and shel-side average comprehensive index ho/Δpo.     

Effects of baffle inclination angle on flow and heat transfer of a heat exchanger with helical baffles

Numerical simulations were carried out to study the impacts of various baffle inclination angles on fluid flow and heat transfer of heat exchangers with helical baffles. The simulations were conducted for one period of seven baffle inclination angles by using periodic boundaries. Predicted flow patterns from simulation results indicate that continual helical baffles can reduce or even eliminate dead regions in the shell side of shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The average Nusselt number increases with the increase of the baffle inclination angle α when α < 30°. Whereas, the average Nusselt number decreases with the increase of the baffle inclination angle when α > 30°. The pressure drop varies drastically with baffle inclination angle and shell-side Reynolds number. The variation of the pressure drop is relatively large for small inclination angle. However, for α > 40°, the effect of α on pressure drop is very small. Compared to the segmental heat exchangers, the heat exchangers with continual helical baffles have higher heat transfer coefficients to the same pressure drop. Within the Reynolds number studied for the shell side, the optimal baffle inclination angle is about 45°, with which the integrated heat transfer and pressure drop performance is the best. The detailed knowledge on the heat transfer and flow distribution in this investigation provides the basis for further optimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers.     

帘式折流片换热器强化传热数值研究

为解决折流板换热器壳程流体阻力过大和折流杆换热器低Re下传热系数较小等管壳式换热器的不足,提出了壳程流体"斜向流"的新概念,研制了新型高效节能管壳式换热器?帘式折流片换热器,其壳程传热系数高于折流杆换热器20%～30%,而壳程压力损失大幅低于折流板换热器。以场协同原理分析了斜向流的强化传热机理,指出在帘式折流片换热器壳程中流体速度场与温度梯度场间的夹角小于折流杆换热器,是其强化传热的重要原因。对帘式折流片换热器中折流栅间距、折流片倾角、折流片宽度等重要几何参数对传热和压降的影响规律进行了数值模拟研究,并据此推导了壳程传热系数和流体阻力降准数关联式,为其工程设计和推广应用提供了参考依据。     

管壳式换热器壳程高黏度流体的传热强化

传统的管壳式高黏度流体换热器采用光滑管设计制造,其壳程传热及流动效能低,壳程传热阻力占总热阻的80％以上,且流动阻力损失较大,提高壳程流体的传热膜系数和降低流动阻力是提高高黏度流体换热器效能的技术关键．     

CFD simulation on shell-and-tube heat exchangers with small-angle helical baffles

Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with helical baffles is superior to that with segmental baffles in reducing pressure drop, eliminating dead zone and lowering the risks of vibration of tube bundle. This paper focused on the small-angle helical baffles that have been merely reported in open literature. These baffles are noncontinuous helical baffles with a helix angle of 10° to 30°, and their shapes are 1/4 ellipse, 1/4 sector and 1/3 sector. To assess the integrative performance, α/?p is employed, and the calculated results show that among the three baffle shapes the heat exchangers with a 1/4 sector helical baffle have the lowest pressure drop. At β = 10° and 20°, 1/4 sector helical baffle heat exchangers show the best integrative performance; at β = 30°, 1/4 ellipse and 1/4 sector helical baffle heat exchangers perform almost the same. For the study of helix angles, we found that 30° has the best integrative performance at low mass flow rate, almost the same as 20° at high mass flow rate.