相似度三支决策模糊粗糙集模型的决策代价研究

在三支决策模糊粗糙集模型中,一些学者基于相似度三支决策模糊粗糙集模型建立了目标函数来得到最优阈值对 $\left( {\alpha ,\;\beta } \right)$ 的计算方法,但在该过程的研究中,学者并没有在相似度三支决策模糊粗糙集模型中讨论关于决策代价的描述问题。基于模糊信息系统用新的函数来描述决策代价成为计算阈值对 $\left( {\alpha ,\;\beta } \right)$ 的一种方法,首先,在模糊信息系统中,通过建立一个描述决策代价的函数,将模糊信息系统中的模糊数与三支决策的决策代价联系在一起;然后对隶属频率进行拟合,得到了三支决策中决策代价的数值描述;最后,通过两个实例说明了该方法的可行性和适用性。     

基于包含度的区间二型模糊粗糙集

基于区间二型模糊包含度的公理化定义,给出了新的区间二型模糊包含度计算公式.进一步,通过包含度定义了区间二型模糊粗糙集,并讨论了它的一些基本性质.最后,利用区间二型模糊粗糙集研究了连续域决策信息系统的属性约简,给出了新的约简方法.实例说明了该约简方法的具体计算步骤,并且通过实验验证了该算法的有效性和可行性.     

基于最优相似度三支决策的模糊粗糙集模型

模糊信息系统中,对象的相似度往往会受噪声影响,且它在模型运算中常常并非全部需要高精度参与计算。文中首先引入阈值对(α,β),提出了一种基于相似度三支决策的模糊粗糙集模型;其次利用模糊集近似的三支决策方法,给出了对象相似度三支决策的错误率、决策代价以及相应的语义解释;然后以总体决策代价最小化为目标,给出了最优(α,β)的计算方法,从而建立了一种基于最优相似度三支决策的模糊粗糙集模型;最后通过实例分析说明了该模型的可行性和合理性。本文建立的三支决策模糊粗糙集模型保留了模糊信息系统的不确定性,一定程度地去除了噪声影响,且能通过计算得到最优阈值(α,β),从而建立基于相似度三支决策的最优模型,这将有益于模糊信息系统的应用。     

基于邻域三支决策粗糙集模型的软件缺陷预测方法

基于已有软件缺陷数据,建立分类模型对待测软件模块进行预测,能够提高测试效率和降低测试成本。现有基于机器学习方法对软件缺陷预测的研究大部分基于二支决策方式,存在误分率较高等问题。本文针对软件缺陷数据具有代价敏感特性且软件度量取值为连续值等特性,提出了一种基于邻域三支决策粗糙集模型的软件缺陷预测方法,该方法对易分错的待测软件模块作出延迟决策,和二支决策方法相比,降低了误分类率。在NASA软件数据集上的实验表明所提方法能够提高分类正确率并减小误分类代价。     

基于区间梯形二型犹豫模糊数的多准则决策方法

针对准则权重不完全的犹豫模糊多准则决策问题,提出基于区间梯形二型犹豫模糊数的决策方法.首先,给出区间梯形二型犹豫模糊数,根据几何面积法定义区间梯形二型犹豫模糊数的可能度和差异度;然后,利用差异度和离差最大化模型得到各准则权重,基于TOPSIS思想得到各方案的综合贴近度,并对方案进行排序;最后,通过算例分析和对比分析验证了所提出方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于软粗糙集的犹豫模糊三支决策方法

三支决策理论采取“三分而治”的处理思路,为复杂问题求解提供了一种简洁高效的解决方案.对此,借助软集理论研究犹豫模糊集和三支决策方法,通过定义犹豫模糊集的值空间和值陪集,引入犹豫模糊集的典范软集、单位区间参数化软集和导出犹豫模糊集等概念,解决犹豫模糊集和软集的相互表示问题.此外,利用软粗糙集理论建立一种基于犹豫模糊集的广义粗糙模型,借助给定的预决策集,计算软上近似集并确定评价函数,进而提出一种基于软粗糙集的犹豫模糊三支决策方法.最后,通过两个数值实例和相关对比分析,验证所提出三支决策方法的合理性和有效性.     

基于决策粗糙集的广义序贯三支决策方法

三支决策是求解动态不确定性问题的有效方法之一。相比传统的二支决策,序贯三支决策方法在信息不充分或证据不足时能有效平衡决策结果代价和过程代价。在研究多层次的粒结构、多选择的处理对象和多样化的代价结构的基础上,提出了一种基于决策粗糙集的广义序贯三支决策模型。该模型在每一层都考虑了7种不同的对象处理方式。最后,通过实验对比分析了该模型中7种方法的效率和性能。     

基于区间二型模糊粗糙集的连续属性约简算法

一型模糊粗糙集可以直接处理连续属性集,但不能处理高度不确定性数据,而区间二型模糊集可以增强系统处理不确定性的能力。为了提高处理噪声数据的精确度,在一型模糊粗糙集的基础上,定义区间二型模糊粗糙集。基于区间二型模糊粗糙集模型研究了连续域决策信息系统的属性约简,通过紧计算域给出了新的约简算法。由于拒绝变量集合的存在,提出的约简算法可在有限时间内收敛,并且得到了更加合理的结果。数值仿真验证了约简算法的可行性与有效性。     

三支决策与决策粗糙集融合模型

Paw lak粗糙集模型没有对正域、边界域和负域赋予语义,不能进行再决策,而三支决策对边界域赋予了新的语义,可以对边界域做出进一步刻画,对于边界域的进一步划分,依据属性的重要性,使满足条件的样本划入再决策域,不满足条件的样本继续保留在边界域中,降低了边界域样本处理的失误率.本文在对概率粗糙集模型、三支决策粗糙集的理论、贝叶斯理论的决策过程和决策粗糙集模型进行研究的基础上,提出了一种三支决策与决策粗糙集融合模型,与Paw lak-三支决策模型相比,其划分损失更小,处理结果更优.该模型运用三支决策理论对决策粗糙集的边界域赋予延迟决策的语义,对于延迟决策再运用三支决策理论进行迭代操作,对边界域样本进一步处理.在迭代的过程中,依据属性的重要程度将属性排序,从而客观的得到迭代过程中每次优先依据哪个属性进行划分.实验结果表明,该模型比单一运用决策粗糙集模型进行决策代价小,三支决策通过迭代对边界域处理的正确率有所提高,这为准确决策提供了一种新的方法.     

广义三支决策与狭义三支决策

从三支决策发展历史出发,在总结三支决策近年来研究的基础上,基于三支决策现有模型、算法及应用,提出了一种广义三支决策和狭义三支决策理论。广义三支决策注重对三支决策概念内涵和外延进行诠释;狭义三支决策主要注重三支决策在实际决策问题中的语义解释。提出了一种"四层次"三支粒结构决策模型,从静态和动态、广义和狭义两种视角对三支决策进行剖析,厘清了三支决策发展过程和研究脉络。最后,给出了三支决策的研究现状和未来发展方向。     

Three-way decisions based on decision-theoretic rough sets under linguistic assessment with the aid of group decision making

Based on decision-theoretic rough set model of three-way decisions, we augment the existing model by introducing linguistic terms. Considering the two types of parameters being used in the three-way decisions with linguistic assessment, a certain type of novel three-way decisions based on the Bayesian decision procedure is constructed. In this way, three-way decisions with decision-theoretic rough sets are extended to the qualitative environment. With the aid of multi-attribute group decision making, the values of these parameters are determined. An adaptive algorithm supporting consistency improvement of multi-attribute group decision making is designed. Then, we optimize the scales of the linguistic terms with the use of particle swarm optimization. The values of these parameters of three-way decisions are aggregated when proceeding with group decision making. Finally, the proposed model of three-way decisions with linguistic assessment is applied to the selection process of new product ideas.     

Three-way decisions with probabilistic rough sets

The rough set theory approximates a concept by three regions, namely, the positive, boundary and negative regions. Rules constructed from the three regions are associated with different actions and decisions, which immediately leads to the notion of three-way decision rules. A positive rule makes a decision of acceptance, a negative rule makes a decision of rejection, and a boundary rule makes a decision of abstaining. This paper provides an analysis of three-way decision rules in the classical rough set model and the decision-theoretic rough set model. The results enrich the rough set theory by ideas from Bayesian decision theory and hypothesis testing in statistics. The connections established between the levels of tolerance for errors and costs of incorrect decisions make the rough set theory practical in applications.     

q-Rung orthopair fuzzy sets-based decision-theoretic rough sets for three-way decisions under group decision making

As an extension of Pythagorean fuzzy sets, the q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) can easily solve uncertain information in a broader perspective. Considering the fine property of q-ROFSs, we introduce q-ROFSs into decision-theoretic rough sets (DTRSs) and use it to portray the loss function. According to the Bayesian decision procedure, we further construct a basic model of q-rung orthopair fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets (q-ROFDTRSs) under the q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment. At the same time, we design the corresponding method for the deduction of three-way decisions by utilizing projection-based distance measures and TOPSIS. Then, we extend q-ROFDTRSs to adapt the group decision-making (GDM) scenario. To fuse different experts’ evaluation results, we propose some new aggregation operators of q-ROFSs by utilizing power average (PA) and power geometric (PG) operators, that is, q-rung orthopair fuzzy power average, q-rung orthopair fuzzy power weighted average (q-ROFPWA), q-rung orthopair fuzzy power geometric, and q-rung orthopair fuzzy power weighted geometric (q-ROFPWG). In addition, with the aid of q-ROFPWA and q-ROFPWG, we investigate three-way decisions with q-ROFDTRSs under the GDM situation. Finally, we give the example of a rural e-commence GDM problem to illustrate the application of our proposed method and verify our results by conducting two comparative experiments.     

Uncertainty measures for interval type-2 fuzzy sets

Fuzziness (entropy) is a commonly used measure of uncertainty for type-1 fuzzy sets. For interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs), centroid, cardinality, fuzziness, variance and skewness are all measures of uncertainties. The centroid of an IT2 FS has been defined by Karnik and Mendel. In this paper, the other four concepts are defined. All definitions use a Representation Theorem for IT2 FSs. Formulas for computing the cardinality, fuzziness, variance and skewness of an IT2 FS are derived. These definitions should be useful in IT2 fuzzy logic systems design using the principles of uncertainty, and in measuring the similarity between two IT2 FSs.     

General type-2 fuzzy rough sets based on \alpha -plane Representation theory

Rough sets theory and fuzzy sets theory are mathematical tools to deal with uncertainty, imprecision in data analysis. Traditional rough set theory is restricted to crisp environments. Since theories of fuzzy sets and rough sets are distinct and complementary on dealing with uncertainty, the concept of fuzzy rough sets has been proposed. Type-2 fuzzy set provides additional degree of freedom, which makes it possible to directly handle highly uncertainties. Some researchers proposed interval type-2 fuzzy rough sets by combining interval type-2 fuzzy sets and rough sets. However, there are no reports about combining general type-2 fuzzy sets and rough sets. In addition, the $\alpha $ -plane representation method of general type-2 fuzzy sets has been extensively studied, and can reduce the computational workload. Motivated by the aforementioned accomplishments, in this paper, from the viewpoint of constructive approach, we first present definitions of upper and lower approximation operators of general type-2 fuzzy sets by using $\alpha $ -plane representation theory and study some basic properties of them. Furthermore, the connections between special general type-2 fuzzy relations and general type-2 fuzzy rough upper and lower approximation operators are also examined. Finally, in axiomatic approach, various classes of general type-2 fuzzy rough approximation operators are characterized by different sets of axioms.     

Fuzzy multiple attributes group decision-making based on ranking interval type-2 fuzzy sets

In this paper, we present a new method to deal with fuzzy multiple attributes group decision-making problems based on ranking interval type-2 fuzzy sets. First, we propose a new method for ranking interval type-2 fuzzy sets. Then, we propose a new method for fuzzy multiple attributes group decision-making based on the proposed ranking method of interval type-2 fuzzy sets. We also use some examples to illustrate the fuzzy multiple attributes group decision-making process of the proposed method. The proposed method is simpler than the methods presented in [Chen and Lee, 2010a] and [Lee and Chen, 2010b] for fuzzy multiple attributes group decision-making based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets. It provides us with a useful way for dealing with fuzzy multiple attributes group decision-making problems based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets.     

Probabilistic model criteria with decision-theoretic rough sets

In dealing with risk in real decision problems, decision-theoretic rough sets with loss functions aim to obtain optimization decisions by minimizing the overall risk with Bayesian decision procedures. Two parameters generated by loss functions divide the universe into three regions as the decision of acceptance, deferment and rejection. In this paper, we discuss the semantics of loss functions, and utilize the differences of losses replace actual losses to construct a new “four-level” approach of probabilistic rules choosing criteria. Ten types of probabilistic rough set models can be generated by the “four-level” approach and form two groups of models: two-way probabilistic decision models and three-way probabilistic decision models. A reasonable decision with these criteria is demonstrated by an illustration of oil investment.     

Fuzzy rule interpolation based on the ratio of fuzziness of interval type-2 fuzzy sets

In recent years, some fuzzy rule interpolation methods have been presented for sparse fuzzy rule-based systems based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets. However, the existing methods have the drawbacks that they cannot guarantee the convexity of the fuzzy interpolated result and may generate the same fuzzy interpolated results with respect to different observations. Moreover, they also cannot deal with fuzzy rule interpolation with bell-shaped interval type-2 fuzzy sets. In this paper, we present a new method for fuzzy rule interpolation for sparse fuzzy rule-based systems based on the ratio of fuzziness of interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The proposed method can overcome the drawbacks of the existing methods. First, it calculates the weights of the closest fuzzy rules with respect to the observation to obtain an intermediate consequence fuzzy set. Then, it uses the ratio of fuzziness of interval type-2 fuzzy sets to infer the fuzzy interpolated result based on the intermediate consequence fuzzy set. We also use some examples to compare the fuzzy interpolated results of the proposed method with the results by the existing methods. The experimental results show that the proposed fuzzy rule interpolation method gets more reasonable results than the existing methods.     

三支决策-基于粗糙集与粒计算研究视角

从三支决策3个历史发展阶段出发,通过粗糙集和粒计算两个研究视角对三支决策的发展踪迹和演化过程进行介绍。分析了三支决策与粗糙集理论的历史脉络、内在联系和相互关系,探讨了决策粗糙集、概率粗糙集、粗糙集和三支决策之间的包含关系;探讨了基于多层次粒计算和多视角粒计算下的三支决策方法;提出了一个基于三支决策的粒计算研究框架模型。最后,给出了三支决策的研究现状和未来发展方向。