ABB色谱仪峰检测中峰宽的设定

重点介绍斜率检测方法中峰宽的设定,在峰检测时克服峰飘的影响,动态剔除未知峰的干扰,实现了色谱峰的准确测量.     

Origin8.0实现聚合物共混物红外光谱定量分析的数据处理

朗伯-比耳定律表明:可通过红外光谱中特征峰的峰高或峰面积对被测混合物的组分进行定量分析。介绍了在Origin8.0中实现红外数据定量分析前的数据处理方法,包括透过率光谱到吸光度光谱的转换、红外光谱数据的可视化、峰拟合以及红外光谱图的导出。     

通过对精制海盐中各离子浓度大小的测定介绍激光拉曼光谱法

根据每种元素都有它们各自的特征谱线,采用激光拉曼光谱技术,通过特征峰强比值法可对溶液中的Nacl,Kcl以及Cacl2当中的离子浓度进行定量的测定。依据溶液中某些拉曼光谱参数(如拉曼强度、半高宽和谱峰面积等)与对应振动的分子或离子团数量有密切的定量关系,估算溶液中离子或分子的浓度.Nacl,Kcl以及Cacl2的拉曼光谱特征峰参数与浓度呈良好的线性关系;根据电解质溶液拉曼峰的形变参数可用于估算离子浓度.运用多元统计的方法,可以拟合出钠离子、钾离子和钙离子的浓度与各拉曼参数的回归方程。     

谱峰识别的计算机设计与实现

介绍了色谱工作站中谱峰识别部分的设计与实现。该部分首先对数据采用了滤波和斜率曲线的平滑化处理等抗干扰措施 ,以减小扰动对谱峰检测的影响。然后在进行谱峰检测时 ,又提出了数据分组的方法 ,这种方法可以增加谱峰识别的稳定性和准确性。本谱峰识别部分的设计能够使色谱工作站应付采样信号中干扰较复杂的情况     

基于碳达峰和碳中和背景下的磷化工产业绿色低碳节能减排研究

在碳达峰和碳中和的时代背景下，磷化工产业将面临越来越大的压力。随着“十二五”规划能耗降低20%、二氧化碳排放减少17%的要求的提出，为我国磷化工产业发展趋势的调整指明了方向。介绍了碳达峰、碳中和以及碳交易的概念，并对当前磷化工发展中生产工艺存在的问题进行了分析，在此背景下，提出磷化工产业绿色低碳节能减排的具体策略，以实现在2030年前碳达峰、2060年前碳中和的目标。     

腐植酸低碳肥料与碳达峰

实现碳达峰和碳中和是全人类共同追求的目标,农业是实现"双碳"目标的重要组成部分.贯彻落实国务院《2030年前碳达峰行动方案》,我国作为农业生产大国,通过腐植酸低碳肥料促进化肥碳达峰是关键.本文从腐植酸低碳肥料特点、腐植酸低碳肥料与碳达峰、腐植酸低碳肥料碳交易市场前景等3个方面作了阐述,着重介绍了腐植酸低碳肥料的"加减法...     

水泥行业碳达峰碳中和标准体系建设研究

依据《碳达峰碳中和标准体系建设指南》等文件,提出了我国水泥行业碳达峰碳中和标准体系,研究分析了标准体系中基础通用、核算与核查、技术与装备、监测、管理与评价等子体系的标准制修订进展及缺失原因。“十四五”是我国水泥行业实现碳达峰、进军碳中和的关键时期,水泥行业应优先健全碳核算核查标准子体系,加快突破技术与装备、监测标准研制,稳步推进基础通用、管理与评价类标准制修订,持续完善碳达峰碳中和标准体系,支撑水泥行业实现绿色低碳、安全高质量发展。     

基于光子晶体的层层组装设计与表征

利用聚烯丙基铵盐酸盐（PAH）、腐植酸（HA）以及金属离子之间的配位作用,在丙烯酰胺类凝胶光子晶体表面进行层层组装。并利用凝胶光子晶体的适时、自表达光响应特性,借助光纤光谱仪实现了水溶液中层层组装过程中光子晶体布拉格衍射峰的变化监测,发展了一种新的层层组装表征手段。     

X射线光电子能谱测定元素化学态的常见问题探讨

X射线光电子能谱(XPS)是一种表面灵敏的定量谱学技术,可以用于分析材料中存在的元素(除氢、氦)构成以及元素的化学态和电子态,是研究原子、分子及固体材料的一种有力工具。XPS在分峰拟合过程中,半峰宽、峰面积、峰间距以及已有的实验结果的归纳均会影响分峰结果的准确性。以一种新型复合材料-纳米零价铁活性炭(NZVI/AC)为例,通过XPS分析其去除水中Cr(Ⅵ)过程中材料表面的元素价态变化,探讨分峰过程中常见的错误对实验结果造成的影响。     

W型铁氧体衍射叠合峰分峰拟合软件应用探讨

本文以溶胶凝胶-自蔓延法在不同温度下制备的W型铁氧体XRD衍射曲线为数据来源，选取其中有谷点、有肩点和完全重合3种类型的衍射叠合峰，分别采用Jade、Peakfit和Origin软件，对3类叠合峰进行分峰拟合，并从拟合准确性、绘图能力、专业性、适用范围、操作简易程度对3种软件的分峰拟合功能进行了对比分析。结果表明：origin软件不适用于完全重合叠合峰的分峰拟合，而Jade和Peakfit软件均可实现3类叠合峰的分峰拟合；origin在绘图和操作简易程度方面体现一定优势；Peakfit在适用范围及拟合准确性方面较具优势；而Jade在专业性、拟合准确性、适用范围方面能力均较为突出。     

我国总图运输专业创新发展的必由之路

介绍我国总图运输专业的发展历史；当前国际发展趋势；专业与学科的区别和相互关系，以及总图运输专业与国际接轨问题。     

浅谈石油化工品库区总图布置节约用地的措施

文章从库址选择、总平面布置、竖向设计、库区内道路、管线综合和远期规划几个方面,论述了石油化工品库区总图布置节约用地的有效措施,尤其在通道宽度、建筑物(装置)联合布置、装置露天化等方面,详细分析了总平面布置如何节约用地的问题。     

Extracting independently the work function and field enhancement factor from thermal-field emission of multi-walled carbon nanotube tips

We have characterized the emission properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) grown by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Our characterizations have been conducted in the thermal-field (T-F) zone, a narrow transition zone between field emission and thermionic emission. The characteristic I-V curve in T-F zone, designated to Christov plot, is advantageous to extract independently the field enhancement factor and work function at the emitting site. Our approach is more reliable than Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) plot whose linear region provides the solution with two unknowns. On the other hand, the Christov plot in the T-F zone provides the solution with only the field enhancement factor. Using the general theory of electron emission, we find that the work function and field enhancement factor of the CVD-grown MWCNTs are 4.7 ± 0.4 eV and 3300 ± 200, respectively.     

500t/a高性能工程塑料工程总图布置小结

介绍在老厂区环境条件下满足新厂区的工艺流程有总图布置要求的同时，改造利用原有建筑物，使新老建筑物（装置）浑然一体，节约资金和用地。     

Comparison between ED and SDPS plots as the results of wavelet transform for analyzing electrochemical noise data

Two valuable results of wavelet transform are energy distribution (ED) plot and standard deviation of partial signal (SDPS) plot. In this work, after brief review of theoretical basis of wavelet transform, the ED and SDPS plots are compared using both calculated and experimental signals. The experimental signals are obtained by recording electrochemical current noise of two Al alloys, AA2024 and AA5052. Both ED and SDPS plots can detect the predominant transients of each signal by the position of the maximum peak between d1 and d6 crystals and thereby may categorize several corroding systems according to the pit size. The slope value of the SDPS plot in the region after the maximum peak can be a measure of the frequentness of the predominant transients. Based on these slope values it might be possible to classify several corroding systems according to the pit density. The SDPS plot seems as an alternative tool to overcome the limitations of the ED plot in the corrosion monitoring applications. Employment of the ED plot along with the SDPS plot is recommended to provide a further insight into the electrochemical behavior of a corroding system.     

New user-friendly approach to obtain an eisenberg plot and its use as a practical tool in protein sequence analysis

The Eisenberg plot or hydrophobic moment plot methodology is one of the most frequently used methods of bioinformatics. Bioinformatics is more and more recognized as a helpful tool in Life Sciences in general, and recent developments in approaches recognizing lipid binding regions in proteins are promising in this respect. In this study a bioinformatics approach specialized in identifying lipid binding helical regions in proteins was used to obtain an Eisenberg plot. The validity of the Heliquest generated hydrophobic moment plot was checked and exemplified. This study indicates that the Eisenberg plot methodology can be transferred to another hydrophobicity scale and renders a user-friendly approach which can be utilized in routine checks in protein-lipid interaction and in protein and peptide lipid binding characterization studies. A combined approach seems to be advantageous and results in a powerful tool in the search of helical lipid-binding regions in proteins and peptides. The strength and limitations of the Eisenberg plot approach itself are discussed as well. The presented approach not only leads to a better understanding of the nature of the protein-lipid interactions but also provides a user-friendly tool for the search of lipid-binding regions in proteins and peptides.     

Iterative method to improve calculation of the pre-exponential factor for dynamic thermogravimetric analysis measurements

The conventional isoconversional plot of ln(β/T²) versus 1/T usually has a large error of about −10% in calculation of the pre-exponential factor as a consequence of assuming h(x)=1. Iterative calculation using the plot of ln(β/hT²) versus 1/T is thus suggested. It is illustrated that the iterative method can greatly improve calculation for the pre-exponential factor. Success in calculation for the pre-exponential factor is accompanied by an enhanced accuracy in value of activation energy given by the iterative method in comparison with the conventional isoconversional plot of ln(β/T²) versus 1/T. One explanation is due to the compensation effect of the Arrhenius parameters. The iterative method has been applied to thermal degradation reactions of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polyethylene.     

EXPLICIT EXPRESSIONS FOR MICHAELIS-MENTEN KINETIC PARAMETERS FROM THE DIRECT LINEAR PLOT

A least square estimation of the Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters from the direct linear plot was obtained using a minimization procedure developed to produce explicit expressions for K_m and V_max, as a function of substrate concentration and measured reaction rate. This was accomplished by minimizing the distance between a point in parameter space representing the optimal parameter values and all the lines obtained from the direct linear plot. Under certain limiting conditions, the developed generalized expressions simplify to the least square estimates of Eadie-Hofstee and inverse Hanes plots. The expressions developed are simple to use and can accommodate replicate data, producing less conservative error bounds for the parameters than those obtained by other techniques.     

浅谈硫酸装置总图竖向设计布置与合理用地

简要概括了工厂总图设计的基本概念和发挥的作用,结合硫酸装置的工程建设总平面设计案例,阐述了总图竖向设计布置和远近期结合布置的设计概念,达到了节省投资既经济又合理的效果。     

基于映射向量和加权Q贡献图的故障识别研究

在基于主元分析(PCA)的统计过程监控实施中,贡献图是一个常用的故障识别工具,但难以实现故障精确定位的缺点限制了贡献图的进一步推广。通过引入基于真实值的故障模型,推导出故障映射向量幅值与故障贡献准确性的关系,指出了传统Q贡献图的理论缺陷,并提出了一种加权Q贡献图故障识别法。在CSTR上的仿真证明,相比传统Q贡献图,该法可以更准确地识别传感器,消除了对操作员的误导。