独立探头3ω法表征甲烷水合物热导率和热扩散率

甲烷水合物热物性参数的测量一般是基于时域信号测量,测量方法没有考虑探测器与试样之间的接触热阻。基于频域信号测量原理,研发的3ω独立探头大大拓展了该方法的应用范围。建立了低温高压甲烷水合物合成测量系统。利用独立探头3ω法实时测量甲烷水合物热导率、热扩散率、探头和甲烷水合物之间的接触热阻。分析了甲烷水合物热导率、热扩散率随温度的变化规律;比较了测量值与国内外学者测量数据的不同;发现接触热阻对甲烷水合物热导率有显著影响。     

二氧化碳水合物导热和热扩散特性

热导率和热扩散率是天然气水合物资源开采关键性基础热物性数据,采用反应釜内壁衬有氟塑料材料,低过冷度,让水合物在反应釜内逐层生成的合成方法,获得可直接用于导热测试的二氧化碳水合物样品。采用瞬变平面热源法原位测试了温度264.68～282.04 K、压力1.5～3 MPa二氧化碳水合物热导率、热扩散率,并测试了二氧化碳水合物在268.05 K、0.6 MPa左右发生自保护效应过程中热导率、热扩散率,获得了晶态下和自保护效应过程中的二氧化碳水合物热导率、热扩散率变化特性。测试结果将为天然气水合物资源的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。     

二氧化碳水合物导热和热扩散特性

热导率和热扩散率是天然气水合物资源开采关键性基础热物性数据,采用反应釜内壁衬有氟塑料材料,低过冷度,让水合物在反应釜内逐层生成的合成方法,获得可直接用于导热测试的二氧化碳水合物样品。采用瞬变平面热源法原位测试了温度264.68~282.04 K、压力1.5~3 MPa二氧化碳水合物热导率、热扩散率,并测试了二氧化碳水合物在268.05 K、0.6 MPa左右发生自保护效应过程中热导率、热扩散率,获得了晶态下和自保护效应过程中的二氧化碳水合物热导率、热扩散率变化特性。测试结果将为天然气水合物资源的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。     

拉曼方法同时测量单根碳纤维热物性和对流传热系数

主要完善并利用新近提出的激光拉曼测试方法,在333.15 K环境温度下测量了单根碳纤维的热导率（不考虑接触热阻）,并与直流通电法测量结果进行比较,两者符合较好,验证了新提出的激光拉曼测量方法的可行性。同时激光拉曼方法还测量得到了接触热阻、碳纤维的激光吸收率及与空气的对流传热系数,并处理得到考虑接触热阻后修正的碳纤维真实热导率。     

拉曼方法同时测量单根碳纤维热物性和对流传热系数

主要完善并利用新近提出的激光拉曼测试方法,在333.15K环境温度下测量了单根碳纤维的热导率(不考虑接触热阻),并与直流通电法测量结果进行比较,两者符合较好,验证了新提出的激光拉曼测量方法的可行性。同时激光拉曼方法还测量得到了接触热阻、碳纤维的激光吸收率及与空气的对流传热系数,并处理得到考虑接触热阻后修正的碳纤维真实热导率。     

炭纤维/树脂复合材料导热性能的数值模拟

采用有限元方法对炭纤维/树脂复合材料的导热性能进行了数值模拟,分别建立一维结构和二维结构炭纤维/树脂复合材料计算分析模型,研究炭纤维含量、界面接触热阻、以及炭纤维直径对复合材料有效热导率的影响。研究结果表明炭纤维作为复合材料增强相,其含量越高复合材料的热导率越高;界面的接触热阻在10-3~10-5(m2 K)/W范围内对复合材料有效热导率有较大的影响,超出范围之后改变接触热阻对材料热导率的影响可以忽略;接触热阻比较大时,炭纤维的直径对复合材料的热导率有较大的的影响,当接触热阻比较小时,炭纤维的直径对于复合材料热导率的影响非常小。     

基于TDTR技术水合物热导率测量方法

四氢呋喃水合物（THF）是典形的笼形水合物,目前有关其热导率的报道较少,且都存在测量样品不是单一相、测量过程水合物发生分解等问题。采用基于飞秒脉冲激光的时域热反射法（TDTR）测量THF热导率。根据样品常温下是流体的特点,设计了可同时适用样品制备及TDTR测量的温控台,实现THF热导率非接触原位测量。获得THF热导率为0.6 W/(m?K),Al/THF界面热导为90.3 MW/(m²?K)。该实验结果有助于理解并完善固体水合物微观导热机理,明晰水分子笼子和客体分子的耦合关系。     

甲烷水合物声子导热及量子修正

采用平衡分子动力学方法模拟了甲烷水合物的导热，给出了30~150 K甲烷水合物的热导率。采用量子修正对分子模拟结果进行处理，可以得到更接近实验值的结果。当模拟温度低于德拜温度时，量子效应对分子模拟结果的影响较大。通过对热流自相关函数拟合得到了声学声子和光学声子的弛豫时间。结果显示，声子弛豫时间随温度增加逐渐减小，声学声子导热在水合物的导热中比重最大。随着碳氧原子之间相互作用力的增加，碳氧原子之间振动的耦合程度增加，甲烷水合物的热导率增加。     

碳填料/天然橡胶复合材料热导率及层间接触热阻对微波加热效果的影响

摘要：制备炭黑/天然橡胶（NR）、石墨烯/NR和碳纳米管/NR复合材料,采用试验与数值模拟相结合的方法研究复合材料热导率和层间接触热阻对微波加热的影响。结果表明：炭黑、石墨烯和碳纳米管自身热导率越大,复合材料的热导率越大,层间接触热阻越小;通过增大填料用量来增大复合材料的热导率和减小层间接触热阻具有一定的局限性,需考虑复合材料的配方设计适用性和经济性;复合材料的热导率对微波加热过程中高、低温区域分布规律和微波加热效率基本无影响,但影响复合材料的温度分布均匀性。为保证微波加热硫化均匀性,多层复合材料的层间接触热阻不可忽略。     

热界面材料热导率和接触热阻的测试

热界面材料通常用于降低电子器件中固体界面的热阻。热界面材料的性质, 如热导率、界面材料与固体表面间的接触热阻, 对于电子器件的散热分析非常重要。然而, 这些参数通常难以获得。依据ASTM D-5470测试标准, 搭建了一个热界面测试系统。通过该系统测试了硅油和导热硅脂的热导率, 以及它们与固体基板间的接触热阻。经分析, 测试热导率和接触热阻的相对误差分别小于11.3%和41.3%。     

Temperature dependence of effective thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of treated and untreated polymer composites

Thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat, of treated and untreated oil palm fiber–reinforced PF composites were measured simultaneously at room temperature and normal pressure using the transient plane source (TPS) technique. An increase in thermal conductivity was observed in the fiber‐treated and resin‐treated composites. Surface modifications of fibers by prealkali, potassium permanganate, and peroxide treatments increased the fiber–matrix adhesion by increasing porosity and pore size of the fiber surfaces. The increase in crosslinking enhanced the thermal conductivity of a composite of resin treated with peroxide compared to other composites. Also an attempt was made to explain the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of amorphous polymer samples using the same technique. It was observed that at the glass‐transition peak of the polymer, thermal conductivity and diffusivity were maximum. Below and above this temperature their values decreased. This has been explained on the basis of predominant scattering processes. An empirical relationship was established for the theoretical prediction of thermal conductivity and diffusivity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1708–1714, 2003     

客体分子数对甲烷水合物导热性能影响的分子动力学模拟

本文通过采用EMD方法Green-Kubo理论计算263.15 K 晶穴占有率0-100% sI甲烷水合物导热系数,研究客体分子数对甲烷水合物导热性能的影响。模拟结果显示,甲烷水合物的低导热性能由主体分子构建的笼型结构决定。而在相同温压条件下,随着客体分子甲烷进入晶胞数目增多,晶穴占有率增大后,密度增大,同时客体分子对声子的散射也增强,二者均导致导热性能增强。     

纳米粒子对CO2水合物导热性能的影响

试验研究了不同种类（Al₂O₃、Cu、SiO₂）、不同质量分数（0.05%、0.1%、0.15%）及不同粒径（10、30、50 nm）的纳米粒子对CO₂水合物热导率的影响。结果表明温度为-5~5℃时,纯CO₂水合物热导率为0.553~0.5861 W·m^-1·K^-1,具有玻璃体的变化特性。分散剂SDBS的加入,可改善CO₂水合物-纳米粒子体系的导热性能。在相同的质量分数和粒径下,纳米Cu粒子对CO₂水合物热导率的增强作用最好,但综合考虑水合物生成特性和溶液悬浮稳定性,选用纳米Al₂O₃粒子较合适。Al₂O₃粒子粒径越小,水合物热导率越大,15 nm比50 nm纳米粒子体系中CO₂水合物热导率的增长率平均提高了12.7%。此外,CO₂水合物热导率随Al₂O₃粒子质量分数的增大而增大,质量分数由0.05%增加到0.15%时,水合物热导率的增长率由4.2%提高到8.2%。     

Crystallinity,thermal diffusivity,and electrical conductivity of carbon black filled polyamide 46

Polyamide 46 (PA 46) with carbon black (CB) has been subjected to a heat treatment. Crystallinity, specific heat capacity, crystalline melting peak temperature, thermal diffusivity, and electrical conductivity were measured. The crystallinity increases with duration of thermal treatment. The maximum value is dependent on the filler fraction. A lower CB content leads to a higher crystallinity at maximum tempering time. The crystalline melting peak temperature increases with decreasing filler fraction and duration of thermal treatment due to different crystal types and/or diverging geometric forms of the crystals. Thermal diffusivity and electrical conductivity act positively proportional to each other and increase with CB content and tempering time. The thermal diffusivity decreases with increasing temperature. The volume resistance of PA 46 is lowered by heat treatment. By CB addition in combination with a tempering process, the PA 46 can be transferred into a conductor. CB is moved by PA 46 crystals into amorphous regions forming conductive pathways. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Applied Polymer Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48882.     

Measurements of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of polymers

In this paper, the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of nine polymers were measured by using the transient short‐hot‐wire method. The corresponding specific heat was measured with a commercial Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The effects of temperature on the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and the product of density and specific heat are further discussed. The results show that the transient short‐hot‐wire method can be used to measure the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and the product of density and specific heat of polymers within uncertainties of 3%, 6%, and 9%, respectively.     

脉冲式平面热源法测量材料热导率和热扩散率的分析与实验

对于脉冲式平面热源法实验中的脉冲加热持续时间对测量的影响以及热参数计算公式中的f系数做了理论分析,建立了相应的实验装置并对一些常见材料进行实际测量,系统分析了热导率和热扩散率以及体积热容测试的不确定度。     

Effect of rare earth ions doping on the thermal properties of YAG transparent ceramics

Yttrium aluminium garnet doped with rare earth ions is one of the most common active media in solid state lasers. In high-power lasers, thermal management is crucial, requiring information on the thermal properties. In this work, the thermal diffusivity and conductivity of polycrystalline YAG ceramics doped with Yb and Er were measured by laser flash method at various temperatures ranging from room temperature to 900 °C. Transparent ceramic YAG samples were prepared by solid state reactive sintering of oxide powders under vacuum. Thermal diffusivity and conductivity showed similar trends, decreasing with increasing temperature as well as with the increase of dopant content from 0 to 20 at.%. The measured values were compared with literature data and empirical relations. Similar values were obtained both for Yb and Er doping. We thus suggest that the data of thermal diffusivity and conductivity of Yb:YAG may be used as a first approximation for Er:YAG.