Dynamic modeling and simulation for the flexible spacecraft with dynamic stiffening

A rigid flexible coupling physical model which can represent a flexible spacecraft is investigated in this paper. By applying the mechanics theory in a non-inertial coordinate system, the rigid flexible coupling dynamic model with dynamic stiffening is established via the subsystem modeling framework. It is clearly elucidated for the first time that, dynamic stiffening is produced by the coupling effect of the centrifugal inertial load distributed on the beam and the transverse vibration deformation of the beam. The modeling approach in this paper successfully avoids problems which are caused by other popular modeling methods nowadays: the derivation process is too complex by using only one dynamic principle; a clearly theoretical explanation for dynamic stiffening can't be provided. First, the continuous dynamic models of the flexible beam and the central rigid body are established via structural dynamics and angular momentum theory respectively. Then, based on the conclusions of orthogonalization about the normal constrained modes, the finite dimensional dynamic model suitable for controller design is obtained. The numerical simulation validations show that: dynamic stiffening is successfully incorporated into the dynamic characteristics of the first-order model established in this paper, which can indicate the dynamic responses of the rigid flexible coupling system with large overall motion accurately, and has a clear modeling mechanism, concise expressions and a good convergence.     

含动力刚化项的一般多柔体系统动力学研究

为获取柔性体的动力刚化项,将任意形状柔性体的非线性变形场表达为直至广义坐标的二阶小量形式．在小变形条件下,用Green应变张量得到了柔性体的耦合形函数．把约束引入多柔体系统,依据Kane方程建立了包含动力刚化项的一般柔性多体系统动力学方程．通过数值仿真算例,界定了传统多柔体系统动力学建模方法的适用范围．     

在非惯性系中研究动力刚化问题

正确认识动力刚化问题,对深入研究航天器动力学和合理建立柔体动力学的数值计算模型意义重大.应用非惯性坐标系中的力学问题的理论来研究动力刚化问题,给出两类研究动力刚化问题的计算模型,明确了动力刚化问题的物理意义,探索了正确处理零次建模的途径.这样处理动力刚化问题,表现出与其他学者的研究有实质性的差异.     

非惯性坐标系下柔性梁的动力学分析与压缩建模

文章针对大范围运动已知的空间柔性梁结构建立其动力学方程.通过研究与分析,提出了文中精确模型,各项矩阵较原有一次耦合模型新增了2类耦合项:即变形耦合项和基点速度和角速度耦合项.通过仿真计算,比较其动力学特性与零次、一次耦合模型的差异,确定各种耦合项的作用,并进行了定性分析.最后研究了复杂系统的压缩建模问题,为工程实际和今后的研究奠定了理论基础.     

考虑弯扭耦合旋转叶片的动力学分析

应用拉格朗日方程建立了旋转柔性叶片非线性动力学控制方程.文中考虑了由于质量偏心所造成的弯曲与扭转振动的耦合,并假设了弯曲与扭转的一价振型对方程进行了离散,通过数值仿真给出了旋转运动所产生的叶片端部弯曲位移及转角位移,揭示了在叶片扭转刚度较大时,转角位移非常小.本文所建立的动力学方程可用于考虑弯扭耦合时实际旋转叶片的动力学分析.     

Complete geometric nonlinear formulation for rigid-flexible coupling dynamics

A complete geometric nonlinear formulation for rigid-flexible coupling dynamics of a flexible beam undergoing large overall motion was proposed based on virtual work principle, in which all the high-order terms related to coupling deformation were included in dynamic equations. Simulation examples of the flexible beam with prescribed rotation and free rotation were investigated. Numerical results show that the use of the first-order approximation coupling (FOAC) model may lead to a significant error when the flexible beam experiences large deformation or large deformation velocity. However, the correct solutions can always be obtained by using the present complete model. The difference in essence between this model and the FOAC model is revealed. These coupling high-order terms, which are ignored in FOAC model, have a remarkable effect on the dynamic behavior of the flexible body. Therefore, these terms should be included for the rigid-flexible dynamic modeling and analysis of flexible body undergoing motions with high speed. Foundation item: Project(10772113) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Dynamic modeling and analysis of 3-RRS parallel manipulator with flexible links

The dynamic modeling and solution of the 3-(R)RS spatial parallel manipulators with flexible links were investigated. Firstly, a new model of spatial flexible beam element was proposed, and the dynamic equations of elements and branches of the parallel manipulator were derived. Secondly, according to the kinematic coupling relationship between the moving platform and flexible links, the kinematic constraints of the flexible parallel manipulator were proposed. Thirdly, using the kinematic constraint equations and dynamic model of the moving platform, the overall system dynamic equations of the parallel manipulator were obtained by assembling the dynamic equations of branches. Furthermore, a few commonly used effective solutions of second-order differential equation system with variable coefficients were discussed. Newmark numerical method was used to solve the dynamic equations of the flexible parallel manipulator. Finally, the dynamic responses of the moving platform and driving torques of the 3-RRS parallel mechanism with flexible links were analyzed through numerical simulation. The results provide important information for analysis of dynamic performance, dynamics optimization design, dynamic simulation and control of the 3-RRS flexible parallel manipulator.     

动力刚化系统动力学建模方法的研究

具有大范围、高速运动的柔性体，即使在小变形范围内，运动和变形的耦合将产生动力刚化现象，本文提出一种研究动力刚化系统新的方法，建立了求解动力刚化系统逆问题的数学模型，拓宽了动力刚化问题的研究范围，该项研究对以柔性体为代表的航天器中的构件、机器人和高速机构等机械诉设计、动力学仿真和减振控制，具有重要意义。     

基于绝对节点坐标法的三维柔性旋转梁动力特性分析

主要研究了三维柔性旋转梁的动力特性.采用绝对节点坐标法和几何非线性变形假设,基于一般连续介质理论,建立三维柔性梁的非线性动力学模型;基于摄动理论,结合浮点坐标方法,采用线性化技术,建立柔性旋转梁的振动频域分析模型.对柔性梁自由单摆进行时域仿真,并分析了不同转速下三维柔性旋转梁的频域特性.结果表明,随着转速增加梁的动力刚...     

变质量挠性动力学普遍方程（二）

将固体燃料运载火箭视为时变边界的挠性体更能精确地刻划其动力学行为：燃料的射伴随着质量和边界的变化,而边界的时变特性决定了火箭的质心位置和转动惯量张量时变特性及与姿态运动强耦合作用。将挠性体与其外部的质量交换当做作用于时变边界上的表面力,采用连续介质力学中的平衡理论和分析力学中的变分原理对时变边界挠性体的动力学行为进行研究,建立了这类挠性体的动力学方程。将时变边界刚体作为时变边界挠性体的特例,列出了它的动量平衡律和动量矩平衡律,并得出如下结论：一般情况下挠性体的时变边界是难以确定的,因此必须对挠性体的时变边界作出某些简化才能得到其动力学问题的解。     

Stochastic dynamic analysis of a spatial flexible beam

The uncertainty dynamic response of a spatial flexible beam with large overall motion is investigated. The stochastic differential equations of a three-dimensional beam with large overall motion are derived by using the virtual work principle. The polynomial chaos method and monomial cubature rules are applied to derive a set of completely implicit differential equations. Then the polynomial coefficients are obtained by the variable order method and regression method so as to find the numerical characteristics of the response. As an illustrating example, dynamic modeling of a spatial flexible beam by considering the probabilistic of geometric and physical parameters is presented. The accuracy and efficiency of the method are verified by comparing the results with those given by the Monte Carlo simulation method. The results show that the probabilistic parameters have a significant effect on the dynamic response of the flexible beam and that the dynamic modeling with probabilistic parameters can objectively reflect the dynamic behavior of the objective systems.     

直升机悬停状态下的振动计算

为降低直升机的共振危害,需要一种对直升机在空中悬停时振动特性快速计算方法.旋翼在离心力作用下,固有频率受应力刚化效应影响发生变化,同时存在旋翼桨叶/桨叶和旋翼/机身的耦合影响,动力学分析十分复杂,另一方面为提高计算效率,运动方程的低阶次、程式化成为迫切的需求.多体系统传递矩阵法(Transfer matrix method for multibody systems, MSTMM)同时解决了这两个问题.为准确快速计算悬停直升机固有频率,本研究基于MSTMM建立一种柔性四片旋翼与直升机机身耦合的动力学模型,推导出系统的动力学拓扑模型、总传递方程和特征方程.重点推导了空间旋转梁和旋转轴的传递矩阵,最终快速计算得出悬停直升机系统固有频率.研究表明:空间旋转梁MSTMM计算结果和ANSYS Workbench仿真结果对比,误差不超过2%,旋转轴MSTMM计算结果与参考文献结果基本一致;机尾固定的约束条件下,计算出36.651 9 rad/s转速下旋翼/机身耦合系统的前13阶固有频率,与ANSYS Workbench仿真结果一致,改为悬停无约束条件,计算得出悬停直升机系统前8阶固有频率,计算速度相较仿真速度提升了7.1倍,为直升机动力学分析提供一种新思路.     

基于Floquet理论的储液罐动力稳定性分析

为确定储液罐动力不稳定现象与激励参数间的关系,采用附加质量矩阵考虑流固耦合效应,以周期变化的几何刚度矩阵考虑壳体应力变化,由位移-压力格式的流固耦合方程建立储液罐在简谐地面加速度下的动力稳定性方程.利用模态截断法降阶上述方程,并基于Floquet理论求解,从而递归搜寻由激励参数描述的动力不稳定边界.利用上述Floquet方法分析Chiba试验模型,并基于B-R准则复核该结果.结果表明,Floquet方法求得的动力不稳定边界与Chiba试验较一致,并与B-R法结果吻合良好.Floquet方法可显著提高动力不稳定边界的求解效率,并消除壳体振型半波假定的影响.     

柔性机械臂的动力学模型及PD控制

应用模态控制理论，对柔性机械臂的主动控制问题中的动力学模型进行了研究，在小变形假设的前提下，考虑由于横向变形而引起的轴向位移的影响，采用拉格朗日方程建立了计及动力刚化项的动力学模型，并将ＰＤ控制理论和方法应用于该模型。最后，对一单杆柔性机械臂的振动控制进行了计算机仿真。     

Motion function reliability analysis of a rotating flexible beam with random parameters

The assumed mode method and stochastic response surface method are combined to analyze the motion function reliability of a rotating flexible beam with random parameters. Firstly, based on Lagrange's equations and the assumed mode method, the rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model which takes the coupling term of the deformation in the expression of longitudinal deformation is studied. Then considering the physical and geometrical parameters under randomness, the probability analysis is made by the stochastic response surface method. The rationality and efficiency of the modeling and the method presented are verified by an example. The results demonstrate that the third order stochastic response surface method leads to good precision with acceptable time consumption compared with the Monte Carlo (MC) method, and that the randomness of density has a greater effect on the reliability of the system.     

基于铰链结构的机械臂操作柔性负载系统建模与控制

基于铰链结构研究了机械臂协调操作柔性负载系统的动力学建模与控制问题。提出了虚拟连杆的概念,以虚拟连杆为基准运用有限元法与拉格朗日方程建立了柔性负载的运动方程和振动方程,在负载坐标空间建立了系统的动力学模型。针对振动状态的不可测量性,应用刚性控制规律设计了控制器,给出了一种补偿系统动力学对位置控制影响的方法。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于铰链结构的机械臂操作柔性负载系统建模与控制

基于铰链结构研究了机械臂协调操作柔性负载系统的动力学建模与控制问题。提出了虚拟连杆的概念,以虚拟连杆为基准运用有限元法与拉格朗日方程建立了柔性负载的运动方程和振动方程,在负载坐标空间建立了系统的动力学模型。针对振动状态的不可测量性,应用刚性控制规律设计了控制器,给出了一种补偿系统动力学对位置控制影响的方法。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Rigid-Flexible Coupling Dynamic Analysis of Sub-Launched Vehicle During the Vertical Tube-Exit Stage

During the launching stage,hydrodynamic pressure and adapters’ reaction loads can influence the vehicle’s rigid motion as well as cause its structural vibration,which is a typical rigid-flexible coupling dynamic problem. This paper presents a 2-D rigid-flexible coupling model to calculate the vehicle’s dynamic responses in that period.The vehicle was equivalent to a flexure beam with axial deformation. Hybrid coordinate and modal superposition methods were used to describe its large rigid displacement and small deformation. By the second Lagrange equation,the vehicle centroid’s displacements,rotational angle and modal coordinates were chosen as generalized coordinates and then the vehicle ’s rigid-flexible coupling dynamic equations were obtained. By numerical simulation,the results of vehicle’s motion parameters and transverse internal loads were acquired.The calculation results showed that differences of the vehicle’s motion parameters between the rigid-flexible coupling model and the rigid body assumption are noticeable and the peak magnitude of the vehicle’s transverse internal loads in the rigid-flexible coupling model is higher remarkably than that in the rigid body assumption.     

非惯性参考系下旋转叶片系统的动力响应

应用拉格郎日方程和有限元素法考虑了刚体运动和弹性运动的耦合关系在非惯性参考系下建立了叶片系统的相对运动学方程，叶片的动力学方程中刚度矩阵是一个随时间变化的矩阵，应用模态分析法对其进行了解耦，得到一个二阶微分主程组，并用Matlab对方程进行了仿真，结果表明，刚体的运动使得叶片系统振动频率降低，反映出刚体运动对弹性体运动有一定的影响。     

考虑身管柔性的火炮多体动力学方法

本文将火炮身管考虑为有限元梁单元，引入分析力学的拉格朗日方程推导系统动力学方程。提出了一种考虑身管柔性的刚－柔耦合多体系统动力学方法。