舰机协同下多基地声纳阵应召搜潜效能研究

针对传统单基地声纳搜潜难以满足反潜作战要求的问题,提出了一种拖曳声纳与反潜直升机布放浮标阵联合起来形成多基地声纳搜潜的方法。结合舰机实际运动特点,建立舰艇运动模型与直升机布放圆形、方形、三角形被动浮标阵模型。采用Monte Carlo方法,对搜潜概率进行仿真,比较多基地与非多基地声纳的搜潜概率,并分析不同的初始条件对搜潜概率的影响。仿真结果表明,多基地声纳搜潜概率高于非多基地声纳,圆形多基地阵搜潜效能相对最佳,三种阵型的搜潜概率随着初始距离、初始位置分布、航速均值的增大而减小,并能针对不同搜潜要求与实际作战条件选择合适的布放半径和被动浮标布放个数。提出的方法适用于一定距离范围内的应召搜潜,对反潜作战具有一定的军事意义。     

浮标阵形对搜潜效能影响的研究

搜潜效能是评估浮标阵形性能的重要依据.为了研究不同浮标阵形对搜潜效能的影响,以航空应招反潜作战为背景,建立了航空搜潜过程中的潜艇运动模型和浮标布阵数学模型,并结合浮标阵阵无数量、反潜基地距潜艇初始发现点的距离、反潜机巡航速度以及潜艇规避速度的变化,运用Monte-Carlo方法对不同浮标阵形的搜潜效能进行了仿真和比较分析.仿真结果表明,在相同条件下,不同浮标阵形的搜潜效能存在较大差异,单层圆形浮标阵的搜潜效能相对较高.为声纳员优化浮标布阵提供有效的辅助决策依据.     

反潜巡逻机浮标布阵应召搜潜效能研究

搜潜效能是评判浮标阵型优劣的重要依据。本文基于应召搜潜,根据已知的潜艇信息,以反潜巡逻机为平台,建立了不同阵型声纳浮标搜潜数学模型。并运用Monte Carlo方法仿真分析了相同条件下,潜艇初始位置分布、初始距离、潜艇航速对浮标阵搜潜效能的影响。结果表明:同等条件下,声纳浮标方形阵搜潜效能最好,其次是圆形阵、三角形阵;三种浮标阵的搜潜效能都随着潜艇初始位置分布、初始距离、潜艇航速的增大而降低。这为指挥员进行浮标布阵提供了有效的辅助决策依据。     

舰载直升机对潜防御性应召搜索仿真分析

研究潜防搜索优化问题,吊放声纳和声纳浮标是舰载直升机对潜搜索的主要手段,但在搜索的过程中存在着因搜索面积大导致兵力需求多和如何协同使用才能达到最优搜索效果等问题。针对舰载直升机吊放声纳和声纳浮标在搜潜中的协同,由于水面舰艇在航渡中受到潜艇威胁,提出了一种舰载直升机对潜防御性应召搜索的方法,通过建立潜艇对水面舰艇威胁航向的模型和仿真分析,能够有效缩小舰载直升机应召搜索的范围;同时,建立了舰载直升机吊放声纳搜索及声纳浮标阵列模型,并对舰载直升机使用吊放声纳和声纳浮标协同搜索进行仿真。仿真结果表明,提高了搜索效率,可为吊放声纳和声纳浮标的作战应用提供重要参考。     

吊放声纳搜索效能通用仿真模型研究

通过对吊放声纳作战机理的详细分析,以蒙特卡洛法为基础建立了吊放声纳搜索效能的通用仿真模型,并通过仿真实例对模型进行了应用和验证.该模型适用于对各种作战条件下使用各种作战方法时吊放声纳搜索效能的仿真计算.     

多机吊放声纳检查搜潜建模与仿真研究

为了提高吊放声纳检查搜索概率,建立了4架飞机利用吊放声纳的平行、多段和锯齿检查搜潜模型、潜艇运动模型、搜潜概率模型,仿真分析了潜艇初始航向、吊放声纳间距、搜索样式等因素对检查搜索概率的影响.仿真结果表明,潜艇航速、航向角度以及吊放声纳间距的变化对平行、多段和锯齿检查搜索概率影响较大.使用多机进行协同搜潜,可在较短时间内进行大面积搜索,有效提高搜潜效率.因此,在实际航空反潜中,需根据所获得的潜艇运动态势信息合理选择搜潜样式和有关的搜潜战术手段,才能获得较高的搜潜概率.     

吊放声纳主动探测距离建模与仿真

为正确实施搜潜战术,需要对吊放声纳探测距离进行预报。根据主动声纳工作原理及性能参数,充分考虑海洋环境和目标特性对声纳探测距离的影响,建立了吊放声纳主动探测计算模型,并进行了仿真验证。结果表明,该模型是有效可行的。     

直升机反潜模拟中的吊放声纳系统仿真

吊放声纳系统仿真是直升机反潜作战模拟的关键。分析了吊放声纳发现判决方程、各种搜潜方法的共性特征,在此基础上将探测、发现目标的问题逐步转换成易于求解的数学模型。以单机和单潜作战对抗过程为典型实例,研究了仿真系统功能需求及总体结构。讨论了基于水声资料库、Direct Sound技术、实时3D效果控制,实现音频信号的合成和回放的方法。针对一个合理的数据结构对于有效的数据处理的重要性,将空间矩阵法引入吊声数据处理仿真。运行和使用表明,仿真系统为直升机反潜综合战术模拟训练提供了实用的平台。     

水面舰艇编队拖曳声纳舰阵位配置及行动方法

研究水面舰艇编队优化问题,由于潜艇对水面舰艇编队构成严重威胁,为有效保护舰艇安全,选择声纳舰的位置十分重要.拖曳声纳舰作为水面舰艇编队主要对潜警戒信号,对阵位配置及行动方法对编队的反潜效能影响巨大.针对水面舰艇编队航渡中近程拖曳声纳舰的阵位配置问题,提出了一种方法.通过对舰艇编队反潜警戒区的划分,总结了拖曳声纳舰阵位配置原则,建立了关于拖曳声纳舰阵位的模型,仿真计算了各种参数对拖曳声纳舰阵位的影响,并提出了拖曳声纳舰“蛙跳”行动的方法,并进行仿真.结果表明,方法有效,为指挥员编队决策提供了参考依据.     

以潜制潜的搜索效能分析与仿真

潜艇在未来的联合反潜作战中将担负重要的使命任务,但是由于潜艇搜索作战仿真模型的匮乏,严重影响了作战研究的科学性.建立潜艇对潜搜索效率模型成为以潜制潜作战研究的瓶颈问题.在认真研究潜艇的搜索过程和影响其搜索效率的各种因素的基础上,分两种情况(反潜潜艇发现目标的距离大于目标开始规避反潜潜艇的距离、反潜潜艇发现目标的距离小于等于目标开始规避反潜潜艇的距离)建立了潜艇对潜搜索效率模型.通过对潜艇搜索效能的仿真分析,提高了以潜制潜作战研究的科学性,给出了保证和提高搜索效率的使用方法.     

DOA estimation based on fourth order cumulant beamforming for nonuniform linear array of DIFAR sonobuoys

The Directional Frequency Analysis and Recording (DIFAR) sonobuoy has been widely used in underwater target localization because it can capture more information than the Low Frequency Analysis and Recording (LOFAR) omnidirectional sonobuoy. Recently, array processing for fields of DIFAR sonobuoys has attracted considerable attention in order to enhance the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation performance and accuracy. DIFAR sonobuoys may become irregularly spaced due to the deployment method and the drift experienced once deployed, resulting in a nonuniform array. In this paper, we demonstrate the fourth-order cumulant beamforming (FOC-BF) technique to estimate the DOA for a nonuniform linear array of DIFAR sonobuoys. FOC-BF was compared with the conventional beamforming (CBF) through simulation works. The results show that FOC-BF provides better spatial spectrum with lower sidelobes than CBF. Furthermore, FOC-BF provides superior DOA estimation accuracy over CBF at very low signal to noise ratios (SNR).     

Performance evaluation of a non-linear error model for underwater range computation utilizing GPS sonobuoys

Deployed from an airborne platform or a surface vessel, arrays of GPS sonobuoys can be used to efficiently track and localize submarines. The range of the target of interest can be monitored with the deployed sonobuoys. However, the accuracy deteriorates when the target is on the detection range of only one sonobuoy. The objective of this research is to improve the range computation of the target of interest by establishing a non-linear error model for range error using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), which has the capabilities of dealing with data of high level of uncertainty and the advantage of being based on neural computation. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed model is examined with both experimental real field data and contact-level simulation data considering different scenarios for both the array of GPS sonobuoys and the target. The results discuss merits and the limitations of the proposed method.     

基于被动声纳浮标投放法的水下目标跟踪

针对航空反潜中使用空投被动声纳浮标对潜艇进行跟踪的问题,利用双曲线交汇法定位,研究被动浮标对水下目标进行连续跟踪的方法,建立相应数学模型。仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性,得到目标的航速、航向、运动状态变化间隔、声纳浮标位置等因素变化与跟踪所需声纳浮标数量的关系。     

一种新的双DIFAR浮标目标定位方法

为了提高双DIFAR浮标的定位精度,提出一种新的基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的双DIFAR浮标目标参数估计与跟踪算法。建立目标与浮标的数学运动模型及坐标系,推导出目标状态方程及观测方程,最后确定了滤波初始状态值及初始协方差矩阵。仿真结果表明,使用卡尔曼滤波技术,成功实现了目标参数估计与跟踪的任务。该算法与经典算法相比,跟踪精度更高,同时可以直接计算出目标速度及航向。     

相控阵雷达系统的仿真

雷达的数字仿真及雷达仿真库的建立已经成为近年来雷达领域研究的热点。本文主要进行相控阵雷达系统的仿真研究。首先根据相控阵雷达的组成和原理,建立相控阵雷达的仿真模型与数学模型。然后选择Simulink作为仿真平台,对相控阵雷达系统进行仿真与研究。仿真的模块主要有天线模块、信号环境模块、信号处理模块以及GUI人机交互界面模块。最终在Simulink库中生成自己的雷达子库,形成相控阵雷达系统,为后续相控阵雷达的研究奠定基础。     

基于Pspice模拟行为模型的光伏阵列建模

根据光伏电池物理机制的数学表达式,利用Pspice仿真软件的模拟行为模型构建光伏电池的Pspice仿真模型.在此基础上,通过分析光伏阵列和光伏电池的关系及电路等效变换,建立任意功率级的PV仿真模型.该模型可以仿真任意太阳光照强度、环境温度、光伏模块参数及任意个光伏电池串并联组合下光伏阵列的I-V 、P-V特性.实验和仿真结果表明,仿真模型的输出特性与实际电池的输出特性基本一致,能较好体现光伏阵列的输出特性.模型的建立为光伏发电系统的动态仿真提供了有效的模拟输入电源.     

Electro-thermal modelling of infrared microemitters using PSPICE

The technology to simulate dynamic infrared scenes using an array of resistively heated microbridges has progressed rapidly in recent years. This paper presents a technique to model the thermal and electrical properties of microemitters using PSPICE. The model provides an insight and understanding of many physical and dynamic properties of the pixel and is cost effective as both electrical and thermal simulations can be performed in the same design environment. The various fabrication process parameters and operating conditions can be fed to the model as user defined inputs and the application of this model can thus be extended to simulate variety of emitters. Theoretical and experimental data have been compared with simulation results and its excellent agreement verifies the validity of the PSPICE model.     

虚拟操作训练系统中的过程仿真模型研究

该文深入研究了虚拟操作训练系统的仿真对象，在此基础上得到了过程仿真模型的框架结构。开放式操作响应模型是虚拟操作训练系统过程仿真模型的重要组成部分，该文在分析开放式操作行为特点的基础上，建立了基于产生式规则的操作响应模型，并给出了具体的操作响应模型数据流程。     

Phase‐spacing optimization of linear microstrip antenna arrays using simulation‐based surrogate superposition models

A technique for simulation‐driven optimization of the phase excitation tapers and spacings for linear arrays of microstrip patch antennas is presented. Our technique exploits two models of the array under optimization: an analytical model which is based on the array factor, as well as an electromagnetic (EM) simulation‐based surrogate model of the entire array. The former is used to provide initial designs which meet the design requirements imposed on the radiation response. The latter is used for tuning of the array radiation response while controlling the array reflection response as well as for validation of the final design. Furthermore, the simulation‐based surrogate model allows for subsequent evaluation of the array responses in the beam scanning operation at negligible computational costs. The simulation‐based surrogate model is constructed with a superposition of simulated radiation and reflection responses of the array under design with only one radiator active at a time. Low computational cost of the surrogate model is ensured by the EM‐simulation data computed with coarse meshes. Reliability of the model is achieved by means of suitable correction carried out with respect to the high‐fidelity array model. The correction is performed iteratively in the optimization process. Performance, numerical efficiency, and accuracy of the technique is demonstrated with radiation pattern synthesis of linear arrays comprising 32 microstrip patch antennas by phase‐spacing optimization. Properties of the optimal designs in the beam scanning operation are then studied using the superposition models and compared to suitably selected reference designs. The proposed technique is versatile as it also can be applied for simulation‐based optimization of antenna arrays comprising other types of individually fed elements. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:536–547, 2015.