压力袜穿着压力与人体生理舒适性研究

紧身袜已成为现代女性四季都流行穿着的服装,其穿着压迫的安全性和舒适性逐渐引起了人们的重视。从下肢受压迫时皮肤血流的变化来探讨压迫对人体的生理影响,选择长期从事站立工作的健康女教师为受试者,以小腿及脚踝为研究对象,通过受试者正常穿着不同压力值的压力袜的着装试验,比较穿着不同压力袜在不同的压迫下,对受压部位压力、皮肤血流的变化以及压感觉评价等的影响,为医疗实践提供理论的指导,也为紧身类服装的开发和研究提供科学依据。     

新型压力袜关键技术研究

介绍了新型压力袜的品种和分类,从原材料的选择、袜机的选择以及织造工艺设计3个方面,重点阐述了新型运动型压力袜和商务型压力袜的关键生产技术,并根据所设计的技术参数,通过工厂进行试织试验,并对试织产品不同部位的横拉值、压力值等性能参数进行检测,分析了横拉值与压力值之间的关联关系,说明了新型压力袜产品的特点。     

循序递减压力袜研究

循序递减压力袜是20世纪迅速崛起的一种袜类产品,它可以促进静脉血液回流至心脏,消除腿部疲劳,防治静脉曲张、血栓等,具有很好的发展前景。本文对循序递减压力袜的作用原理及应用、生产工艺、压力性能及测试方法进行介绍,指出目前循序递减压力袜在生产中存在的不足之处,提出在双针床经编机上生产循序递减压力袜的新思路。     

拉伸伸长率对压力袜压力及压力分布的影响

为了使医疗压力袜的压力及压力分布满足不同腿型患者的需求,选取中筒压力袜为试验样品,研究拉伸伸长率对压力袜压力及压力分布的影响。结果表明,测量点处的压力受到各部段拉伸伸长率的共同影响,且压力袜压力与拉伸伸长率呈显著线性相关关系。改变拉伸伸长率,压力分布发生变化,甚至出现逆梯度压力分布现象,不符合人体需求。在挑选压力袜时可根据自身腿部特征,并结合压力袜拉伸伸长率与压力及压力分布之间的关系来挑选符合自身需求的压力袜型号,得到积极的治疗效果。     

运动压力袜编织参数与压力关系的研究

为深入研究编织运动压力袜时各个参数对其压力的影响,文章首先根据运动压力袜常用原料、袜机的构造特点及相应软件的可设计性,确定原料、组织、橡筋线送纱速度三个参数,然后设计了144组运动压力袜袜筒实验样品,并进行弹性回复率和压力测试,最后利用SPSS软件进行分析.得出结论:编织时提高橡筋线送纱速度,会增加单位时间内送纱量,使...     

针织医用压力袜接触舒适性测试分析

基于皮肤摩擦学原理,选择5种不同材料与组织结构的二级医疗压力袜进行摩擦测试,并测试其透气性和透湿性,探索不同材料和结构对医用压力袜接触舒适性的影响。结果表明,含有天丝的医用压力袜的摩擦系数较小,而且透气性和透湿性更好,接触舒适性更优。该研究有助于人们更好地理解皮肤与医用压力袜之间的接触摩擦行为,可为制造厂商优化压力袜的性能提供参考。     

压力袜用气囊应力传感器的研究

基于非溶剂诱导相分离法,制备MWCNTs-PU多孔导电膜,通过丝网印刷法在PVC柔性薄膜上制备银电极,通过热压法进行封装制成气囊,设计并制作了一种压力袜用气囊应力传感器,与服装压力舒适性测量系统结合可以测量压力袜对人体下肢的压力。并评估其实际可用性,将传感器放置在半径可调节的模型上对其线性度、精确度和重复性进行测试。结果表明,该传感器的测量压力与理论压力具有较强的线性相关性,且精确度较高,重复性好,对今后压力袜压力舒适性的评估具有一定指导意义。     

不同姿势下压力袜压力分布研究

选取6只中筒压力袜作为试验样品进行人体穿着试验,选取人体腿部的踝部最小周长处、腓肠肌止点、小腿最大周长处、胫骨节下端4个围度为测试部位,分别测试每个围度外侧在站姿、坐姿和躺姿3种状态下的压力。并对比分析不同姿态下各部位的压力分布规律,得出站姿是穿着中筒压力袜较好的姿势,为压力袜产品的应用以及应用过程中压力的控制提供参考。     

编织转数对医疗压力袜尺寸和压力分布的影响

为满足不同腿形患者对医疗压力袜的不同长度需求,以各部段编织转数为自变量,设计9组编织方案,通过木质腿模穿着试验,研究编织转数对压力袜尺寸规格和压力分布的影响.结果表明,改变编织转数,压力袜长度及部分点围度呈正向线性变化,压力呈波动变化;压力分布始终呈现自脚踝至膝盖递减的规律,符合人体需求,但部分点不符合国家标准中比占压...     

A study of the modelling and characterisation of compression garments for hypertrophic scarring after burns. Part 2: characterisation of compression garments

Compression therapy is the universally accepted treatment for the management of hypertrophic scarring after severe burns. A review of the type of treatments for burns and type of compression garments commercially available is discussed in Part 1 of this paper (Anand, Kanchi Govarthanam, & Gazioglu, in press). A refined model was also designed to predict the sub-garment pressure more accurately, irrespective of the shape and size of the limb (see Part 1, in press). The thermophysiological properties of the compression garment provide comfort by preserving body temperature and moisture output close to their normal levels. In this study, the dimensional, mechanical and thermophysiological properties of four fabrics procured from different sources were thoroughly studied and compared. The study was aimed at the determination of their suitability to be utilised for the management of hypertrophic scarring. It was established that one of the fabrics investigated possessed superior properties in comparison to the other three fabrics. It was also demonstrated that the characteristics of this particular fabric can be further enhanced for its suitability for use as a compression garment for this specific area of application.     

A study of the modelling and characterisation of compression garments for hypertrophic scarring after burns. Part 1: modelling of compression garments

Skin burns are usually caused by contact with fire, heat, electricity, light, radiation, hazardous chemicals and friction. The degree of the burn is classed based on the extent and depth of the burn. A third-degree burn is classed as a severe burn and compression therapy is universally accepted as the treatment to manage hypertrophic scarring caused after such burns. This paper describes the types of burns and the different types of treatments available and reviews the types of compression garments that are commercially available for the management of hypertrophic scarring after severe burns. The Laplace equation that is used to model a pattern-cutting chart has been refined to predict the sub-garment pressure more accurately, irrespective of the shape and size of the limb. This model’s accuracy was further validated by constructing garments for the arms and legs of a male volunteer and measuring the actual pressures by using a Kikuhime pressure measuring device.     

螺旋型人工血管内的血流动力学数值模拟

针对过低的壁面剪切应力(WSS)会引起小口径人工血管移植后发生再狭窄的问题,探讨了旋动流对WSS 等血流动力学因素的影响,构建了螺旋型人工血管与宿主血管的端侧吻合模型,通过有限元数值模拟证实了旋动流的形成,并探讨了吻合角、螺旋半径、螺距等参数对模型脚趾处(易发内膜增生部位)WSS 的影响。结果表明:吻合角较小(30°)时,1个周期内的时均壁面剪切应力(TAWSS)最低值为1.2 Pa,高于吻合角为45°和60°时的0.3和0.4 Pa;螺旋半径分别为1.0、1.5、2.0 mm 时,TAWSS最低值分别为 0.69、0.68、1.06 Pa,较大螺旋半径对提升WSS更有利;螺距从96 mm逐步降低为48、32 mm时,TAWSS最低值从0.77 Pa逐步提升到1.06、1.30 Pa,螺距较小时TAWSS最低值相对较高。     

生体功能性医用材料止血功能的研究报告

对不同分子量、不同脱乙酰度、不同添加成分的甲壳素复合材料———五种生体功能性医用材料的止血功能进行了体外动态凝血和血小板粘附的探索试验和比较分析。     

An introduction to a new direct testing method for characterizing pressure in compression fabrics

A newly developed direct pressure measuring system known as the CRIM Pressure System was compared with a traditional direct measuring device, the PicoPress Compression System, for compression bandage and hosiery samples. PicoPress measurements were taken both on the CRIM system and on research participants. Initial results indicated a good correlation between CRIM Pressure System and PicoPress participants’ measurements.     

An indirect testing approach for characterizing pressure profiles of compression bandages and hosiery

As outlined in compression therapy literature, the performance of a compression textile can be characterized by its stiffness and interface pressure. In this study, an indirect approach for measuring pressure from a set of compression bandages and hosiery was developed, from which rigidity (EI) values were determined, and tension–elongation curves and pressure-elongation data were calculated. The calculated pressure values were compared against PicoPress sensor readings measured on 10 participants. Results showed that the correlation between both approaches varied among bandage and hosiery samples.     

功能性纺织品的发展趋势

介绍了国外在功能性纺织品方面的研究动态和方向,其中着重介绍了纺织复合材料和医用纺织品方面的一些情况。为国内功能性纺织品的研究与开发提供了一定的思路和方向。     

我国产业用纺织品发展现状

产业用纺织品是三大纺织品之一,文章分析了我国产业用纺织品的发展状况,从医疗卫生、土工合成、建筑、农渔业海洋业、交通运输和筛网等方面介绍了产业用纺织品的开发方向,并简要提出了生产中应注意的问题。     

纺织材料在医学及保健领域的应用

随着纺织生产技术及医学科学技术的发展,纺织材料在医学领域的应用得到迅速发展。文章对纺织材料在医学和保健卫生领域的应用进行了综述,叙述了医用和保健卫生用制品的种类、功能、生产方法和所用原料。     

针织技术在医用纺织品领域的应用与研究

针织技术在医用纺织品领域一直占据着重要位置,由于织物性能优良、原料应用范围广、成形性好、设计灵活,在医用产品方面具有较强的竞争优势。文章介绍了国内外研发的一些医用针织品的实例,包括经编、圆纬机、横机三大类产品,内容涉及其原料、织物结构、设计和编织工艺等。