共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 687 毫秒
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针对窄间隙旋转电弧MAG焊焊缝跟踪的需要以及单一传感器的不足,采用Visual C++开发了基于电弧传感和视觉传感的多信息融合焊缝跟踪系统。电弧传感采用NIPCI-6251数据采集卡、电流/电压传感器、电弧位置传感器结合NI的measurement studio软件,实现了对每个电弧旋转周期内电弧信号的获取,进而实现积分法、极值法、粗糙集等电弧传感方法。视觉传感利用图像采集卡、电弧位置传感器和CCD摄像机,获取电弧旋转到左右坡口侧时的焊接图像,实现焊缝偏差的检测。而焊缝跟踪是综合电弧传感焊缝偏差和视觉传感焊缝偏差的基础上进行焊缝纠偏。为提高系统运行效率,采用多线程方法实现电弧传感、视觉传感的同步采集和技术;利用CTimer控件实现焊缝偏差的多信息融合分析、显示和记录。系统的构建为进一步的多信息融合控制、焊接质量控制奠定基础。 相似文献
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针对大型构件复杂轨迹焊缝自动焊中的移动机器人跟踪控制滞后和焊接轨迹频繁振荡等问题,提出一种基于轨迹动态规划的焊道跟踪方法. 利用结构光传感器检测区域超前于电弧的优势,实时获取焊接区前方焊缝位置特征信息实现对焊道轨迹宏观走向的超前感知,基于焊道等距逼近思想动态规划移动机器人运动轨迹,结合电弧传感技术实时检测焊接偏差信息,通过机器人本体与机载执行机构的协同控制对焊接轨迹进行动态补偿. 结果表明,该方法提高了复杂轨迹焊缝跟踪中焊接速度一致性及焊接轨迹平滑度,改善了焊道弯曲或折角处的焊缝成形质量. 相似文献
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《焊接技术》2021,(7)
关节机器人具有自动化程度高、运动精准等优点,被广泛应用于电弧焊接领域。但是,由于被焊接工件存在加工、装配以及安装定位误差。所以,在焊接质量要求较高、且被焊接工件一致性不好的情况下需要配套焊缝跟踪系统方能实现高质量的焊接作业。电弧传感作为焊缝跟踪的传感方式具有系统结构简单、传感位置与焊接位置重合等优点,但也具有信噪比小、精度差、跟踪参数调整困难等缺点。本研究利用电弧传感的优点,结合机器人焊接对焊缝形状位置的预知特性,利用电弧传感作为基础偏差传感器,机器人控制器根据电弧传感器测量的偏差信号,对当前焊接点进行调整的同时,还对焊缝曲线的空间方程进行调整,从而实现对焊缝曲线上未焊接点的偏移量进行预判,实现焊缝偏差的前馈调整。 相似文献
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针对铡包铝线缆TIG焊常出现的焊偏问题,研制了一种采用视觉传感器的焊缝自动跟踪系统.以弧光为主动光源,在电弧前方20 mill处对铜皮对口缝进行摄像.对焊缝图像进行均值滤波和减噪,采用Canny边缘检测算子对焊缝边缘进行检测,通过Hough变换检测得到焊缝边缘直线,运用计算机对其进行处理求取焊缝偏差.通过控制执行机构,调整焊枪位置,自动进行焊缝纠偏.试验结果表明,该焊接过程采用图像处理技术识别铜皮对口缝方法可行,实现了铜包铝线缆TIG焊焊缝的自动跟踪控制. 相似文献
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针对传统"示教法"机器人焊接效率低、精度不高的问题,基于视觉传感技术对焊缝图像识别与跟踪技术进行研究。利用中值滤波和阈值分割的方法对图像进行预处理,并采用动态ROI提取与最小二乘法相结合的方法提取焊缝特征点,以解决弧光、飞溅等因素对图像的影响。同时,设计了激光焊缝跟踪系统,并将焊枪姿态作为指标对对焊缝的跟踪效果进行了实验分析。研究结果表明:所设计的视觉传感系统可有效提取焊接图像特征,识别精度高。焊缝跟踪系统可实时校正焊枪位置,焊枪高度误差始终保持在0. 2 mm以内,焊缝角度识别误差不超过0. 4°,说明该系统抗干扰能力强,焊接精度高,实时性好。 相似文献
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为提高磁控电弧焊缝自动跟踪系统的稳定性与跟踪精度,引入拉丁超立方取样试验设计方法和Kriging代理模型技术,建立磁控电弧传感器的参数(励磁频率、励磁电流、磁极间隙、线圈匝数)预测模型;分析磁控电弧传感器的主要参数对焊缝跟踪信号的影响规律及其在焊接过程中的稳定性;选取传感器参数的优化设计点,试验验证磁控电弧传感器参数优化的可靠性.结果表明,优化后的焊缝跟踪传感信号波形明显,且干扰少,由于提高了信号的信噪比,从根本上提高了焊缝跟踪的准确性和稳定性. 相似文献
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众多焊接参数的合理匹配和有效控制是管道环缝全位置焊接过程自动化的难题之一。结合路径示教、参数匹配及参数控制等技术,建立了管道环缝全位置焊接过程自动控制系统,并介绍了其工作原理、系统构成和软件设计。该系统能根据焊接位置自动匹配焊接电流、电弧电压、焊接速度以及焊炬摆动的速度和幅度等参数,并通过调节送丝速度实现了焊接电流的PID控制,通过调整焊炬高度实现了电弧长度的模糊控制。该系统还具有离线编程、路径示教和记忆跟踪等功能。将该系统用于非旋转管道环缝全位置焊接过程,实现了打底、填充和盖面焊接的自动控制。结果表明,实际焊接参数与预设值吻合良好,焊缝成形稳定。 相似文献
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埋弧焊图像法焊缝自动跟踪传感系统 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
结合采用埋弧焊进行容器类焊接结构制造过程中的工艺特点及工况,设计了一种将微型半导体激光发生器、微型摄像机及具有滤光功能的光学系统三者集成一体的焊缝视觉传感器。该传感器结构简洁、紧凑、使用方便灵活,图像采集与处理系统具有处理速度高(100ms)、实时性强,界面显示直观、简洁、工艺可示性等特点。 相似文献
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将旋转电弧传感器和双丝串列电弧焊结合起来,开发了旋转电弧引导的、两个电弧在同一个熔池上燃烧的双丝串列电弧焊方法,对其焊缝成形工艺进行了研究.分析了焊接电流、焊接电压、双丝间距、电弧旋转等参数对焊缝成形的影响.结果表明,随着焊接电流的增大,熔敷速度增加,焊缝成形系数呈现先增大后减少的变化规律.而焊接电压的增大则会使焊缝成形系数略有减小.对双丝间距的研究发现,当间距为15 mm时,焊接质量较好.与普通双丝串列焊相比,前置电弧旋转时熔池底部变得平坦,最大熔深有所减小,平均熔深有所增加,这将有助于减少焊缝的应力集中.与单丝旋转电弧焊相比,焊接熔敷速度显著增大,有效避免了高速焊接时的咬边现象. 相似文献
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An optical sensing system for seam tracking and weld pool control in gas metal arc welding of steel pipe 总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34
A visual sensing system was developed for automatic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of the root pass of steel pipe. The system consisted of a vision sensor that consisted of a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and lenses, a frame grabber, image processing algorithms, and a computer controller. A specially designed five-axis manipulator was used to position the welding torch and to provide the vision sensor with automatic access to view the welding position. During the root pass welding, an image of the weld pool and its vicinity was captured using the camera without interference of the intensive arc light by viewing at the instance of a short-circuit of the welding power. The captured image was then processed to recognize the weld pool shape. For seam tracking, the manipulator was used to adjust the torch position based upon the pool image to the groove center. The measured gap size was used to determine the appropriate welding conditions to obtain sound penetration. The welding speed was chosen using fuzzy logic with the knowledge of a skilled welder and measured gap. The automatic welding equipment demonstrated that both welding conditions and torch position could be appropriately controlled to obtain a sound weldment and a good seam tracking capability. 相似文献
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《Science & Technology of Welding & Joining》2013,18(1):103-109
AbstractA seam tracking method is presented based on the estimation of weld position during the gas tungsten arc welding process. Kalman filtering of the weld pool images from a visual sensor is applied to compute recursively the solution to the weld position equations which are established based on an estimation of the centroid position of the weld pool images. This centroid, the position of which corresponds with the weld position, is extracted as the measurement eigenvector. The evolution of the weld position data from the weld pool images can be described through an appropriate process model, so that the weld position can be detected by applying a Kalman filter. This allows adjustment of the welding torch position in real time, which may significantly reduce processing time and promote seam tracking accuracy. Simulations and actual welding experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in the presence of weld pool image noise and have demonstrated the robustness of weld position detection for seam tracking. 相似文献
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The characteristics of welding currents in a rotating arc lead tandem GMAW process and the weld-seam tracking 下载免费PDF全文
Tandem gas metal arc welding (T-GMAW) process shows a high deposition rate that up to three times of the single electrode GMAW,so the welding speed could be significantly increased in this process.However,the majority of this process applications are based on the pre-programmed robotic welding,which does not allow them to track the seam real-time during welding.Rotating arc sensor,sensing the seam position by detecting the changing of welding currents,has been widely adopted in the automatic robot welding process.It is proposed in this paper to integrate the rotating arc sensor with a trailing torch to develop a new approach of rotating arc lead tandem gas metal arc welding (RLT-GMAW) process.The characteristics of the welding currents in the proposed new welding process were firstly studied,and then a self-turning fuzzy control seam tracking strategy was developed for the mobile robot automatic welding.The experimental results showed that the proposed RLT-GMAW process had an excellent seam tracking performance and high welding deposition rate.Even if there were some electromagnetic interactions between the two arcs,the deviation of the welding seam could also be reflected by the fluctuation of the welding currents on the leading arc once the correct welding parameters were selected.Based on the detected deviation,the welding tracking experiments showed that the proposed self-turning fuzzy controller had a good performance for the RLT-GMA W process seam tracking. 相似文献
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通过对管道全位置熔化极气体保护焊(gas metal arc welding,GMAW)熔池图像的研究分析,发现并验证了其根焊熔池图像尖端与焊缝坡口中心位置重合的现象,依据此规律性特征,提出了一种基于熔池图像尖端信息的焊接偏差测定方法.该方法的基本原理是,在对焊接过程熔池CCD图像进行中值滤波、小波变换、连通区域分割等图像处理后,以搜索算法测得的根焊熔池图像尖端位置信息作为焊缝坡口中心位置的坐标值,此值与焊丝中心坐标值之差即为焊接偏差量.试验证明,此方法能从根焊熔池图像中实时测定焊接偏差量,为实现机器人自动焊缝跟踪控制提供了可靠依据. 相似文献
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根据塞拉门框焊点多而短、焊接质量要求高的特点,提出一种机器人间断式弧焊视觉跟踪系统,综合运用灰度变换等方法,建立基于普通光源的视觉跟踪移动窗口图像处理体系,克服传统图像分割方法易受到工件上刀痕亮斑和暗影等噪声干扰的不足,在采集图像中移动与焊缝具有相同形状和大小的窗口,以窗口中所有像素灰度平均值最小窗口作为焊缝当前位置,能有效的滤除刀痕亮斑和暗影噪声.通过焊缝当前位置与标准位置比较,可直接计算出焊缝位置偏差.结果表明,移动窗口焊缝图像处理体系具有很强的适应性和抗干扰能力,能满足实时跟踪要求. 相似文献