纳米TiO2-ACF光催化净化室内空气污染物试验

本文提出了纳米TiO2-ACF复合光催化净化室内空气技术,分析了不同条件下复合光催化净化网的净化效率,对ACF吸附网、纳米TiO2光催化净化网和纳米TiO2-ACF复合光催化净化网净化甲醛的净化性能进行了对比分析.复合光催化净化网在高风速且污染物质量浓度较低时净化效率高于其他两种净化网的净化效率近15%.该净化网对无机和有机污染物具有较强的吸附氧化能力、较小的空气阻力、无中间副产物生成,实现了ACF的原位再生,延长了净化网的使用周期.     

复合型纳米TiO2降解甲醛多孔调湿材料研究

从改善室内空气品质角度出发,结合活性炭纤维负载纳米TiO2吸附降解甲醛、Gel树脂凝胶及沸石粉调节湿度的多种特性,制成复合型纳米TiO2降解甲醛多孔调湿材料,对其结构及性能进行了分析研究.结果表明,制成的调湿材料具有较好的调湿及吸附降解甲醛的作用.     

复合型纳米Ti02降解甲醛多孔调湿材料研究

从改善室内空气品质角度出发，结合活性炭纤维负载纳米TiO2吸附降解甲醛、Gel树脂凝胶及沸石粉调节湿度的多种特性，制成复合型纳米TiO2降解甲醛多孔调湿材料，对其结构及性能进行了分析研究。结果表明，制成的调湿材料具有较好的调湿及吸附降解甲醛的作用。     

吸附法与喷涂法在室内环境治理中的对比研究

本文以室内环境治理中甲醛清除为例,分别采用数值模拟方法及实验方法,对比研究了活性炭吸附法与光触媒喷涂法的治理效果。研究表明,光触媒喷涂法对室内甲醛有明显的分解作用,在相同的时间段内,可大幅降低室内空气中甲醛浓度。相比之下,活性炭吸附法虽然价格便宜,设置位置灵活,但见效较慢,且只对吸附装置附近区域有较明显的效果。     

活性碳纤维脱除空气中二氧化硫的研究与应用

本文采用四氯汞盐溶液吸收——盐酸副玫瑰苯氨比色法研究了活性碳纤维材料(ACF)对微量二氧化硫等气体的吸附性能。空气通过ACF材料后，二氧化硫的脱除率在46％以上。将其应用于家用恒温换气装置中，可有效脱除进入室内空气中的二氧化硫等有害气体，改善室内空气品质，保持室内空气清新、温度适宜。     

粉煤灰沸石分子筛对室内空气甲醛净化性能的实验研究

沸石分子筛具有吸附效率高、环境友好、使用寿命长等优点,在室内甲醛净化领域中作为吸附剂得到了普遍应用,本文以废弃的粉煤灰为原料,通过碱熔融-水热法自制廉价的粉煤灰沸石分子筛,以此作为吸附材料对室内空气进行甲醛净化性能的测试。研究不同空气温度、相对湿度、空气流动速度及不同甲醛含量对室内空气甲醛净化的影响。结果表明,降低室内空气温度、适当的增加湿度以及合理控制空气流速有利于强化室内甲醛气体净化效果。当吸附温度为12℃时,甲醛的吸附量最大为1.36 mg/g;当相对湿度为40%时,甲醛的吸附量最大为1.25 mg/g;当空气流速为4 m/s时,吸附效率最大为0.675 mg/(g·h);当甲醛含量为0.75 mg/g时,甲醛气体的脱除率最大为83%。     

室内燃香烟雾空气污染特征研究

本文测定了燃香后室内空气可吸入颗粒物(PM10)的数量浓度、质量浓度及甲醛浓度,分析了燃香烟雾对室内空气的污染特征,并且对燃香颗粒物的粒度分布采用分形维数进行了定量表征。结果表明:燃香后室内空气颗粒总数和质量浓度的最高值分别约为背景值的21倍和38倍,甲醛浓度最高达到了0.33mg/m3;燃香对室内空气颗粒数的影响主要集中在0.02～1.0μm粒径段,小于0.3μm的超细颗粒物所占PM10的百分比最高达到了99.94%,燃香颗粒物粒度分布分形维数的变化范围为2.57～2.73;燃香所引起的室内空气颗粒物和甲醛污染均在120min内难以彻底衰减。     

混凝土外加剂的甲醛污染情况

室内空气甲醛污染问题已成为社会各界普遍关注的话题,劣质的胶粘剂、板材等都会引起甲醛超标,还有劣质的外加剂也是元凶之一。本调查报告反应了外加剂中甲醛的污染情况及其危害,寻找加工工艺中产生甲醛的源头,从而进行源头控制。     

现阶段室内空气污染控制探讨

简述了室内空气污染的主要污染物及其危害,详细的论述了现阶段室内空气污染的控制方法。包括：通风、活性炭吸附技术、纳米TiO2光催化技术、吸附与光催化相结合的净化技术、低温等离子体技术、负离子技术和绿色植物净化技术。     

现阶段室内空气污染控制探讨

简述了室内空气污染的主要污染物及其危害,详细的论述了现阶段室内空气污染的控制方法,包括：通风、活性炭吸附技术、纳米TiO2光催化技术、吸附与光催化相结合的净化技术、低温等离子体技术、负离子技术和绿色植物净化技术。     

装有静电除尘及高效过滤器的新风系统在建筑中的应用及研究

为改善建筑室内空气品质,对位于湖南省长沙市一栋办公楼加装带有静电除尘和高效过滤器的新风系统,并对建筑改造前后的室内空气品质进行测试。利用德图Testo435多功能环境测量仪、甲醛检测仪、CW-HPC600颗粒物检测仪等仪器对室内温湿度、二氧化碳浓度、甲醛、颗粒物进行实测分析。结果显示,改造后该建筑室内空气中的二氧化碳浓度在1000 ppm以下,甲醛含量小于0.05 mg/m3,颗粒物的含量接近0μg/m3,远远高于GB/T 18883-2002《室内空气质量标准》的规定。     

The contaminant removal efficiency of an air cleaner using the adsorption/desorption effect

The adsorption and desorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in relation to material surfaces were conducted to control indoor air quality. The VOC removal performance of building materials using sorption effects was validated in cases related to poor indoor air quality that occurred during non-ventilation periods during intermittent-ventilation situations. The objective of this investigation is to present the contaminant removal efficiency and practicality of a prototype air cleaner which uses sorption effects. Toluene and formaldehyde were used as pollutant sources and were continuously emitted into the test chamber. Effects due to the number of sorption units, operation time and mode of contaminant removal performance were examined. The sorption materials evaluated in this investigation were a porous material, zeolite, pumice stone and hydro-corn. As a result of the experiments, zeolite exhibited relatively high contaminant removal efficiency with toluene, and zeolite and the porous material exhibited high removal efficiency with formaldehyde for both one-cycle and two-cycle sorption modes. Moreover, significant removal performances were observed in the numerical analysis of the continuous-operation mode.     

Comparative analysis of formaldehyde and toluene sorption on indoor floorings and consequence on Indoor Air Quality

Indoor surfaces may be adsorptive sinks with the potential to change Indoor Air Quality. To estimate this effect, the sorption parameters of formaldehyde and toluene were assessed on five floorings by an experimental method using solid-phase microextraction in an airtight emission cell. Adsorption rate constants ranged from 0.003 to 0.075 m·h⁻¹, desorption rate constants from 0.019 to 0.51 h⁻¹, and the partition coefficient from 0.005 to 3.9 m, and these parameters vary greatly from one volatile organic compound/material couple to another indicating contrasted sorption behaviors. A rubber was identified as a sink of formaldehyde characterized by a very low desorption constant close to 0. For these sorbent floorings identified, the adsorption rates of formaldehyde are from 2 to 4 times higher than those of toluene. Two models were used to evaluate the sink effects of floorings on indoor pollutant concentrations in one room from different realistic conditions. The scenarios tested came to the conclusion that the formaldehyde sorption on one rubber (identified as a sink) has a maximum contribution from 15% to 21% for the conditions of low air exchange rate. For other floorings, the sorption has a minor contribution less than or equal to 5%, regardless of the air exchange rate.     

Chamber testing of adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on material surfaces

A simple test chamber method to quantify adsorption and desorption of organic compounds on material surfaces is described. Important environmental parameters such as temperature, relative humidity and air velocity were varied and controlled independently around typical indoor values. Experiments were performed with alpha-pinene and toluene in concentrations of 160-300 micrograms/m3. The measurements show adsorption on and desorption from wool carpet, nylon carpet, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) floor coverings, cotton curtain material and the empty chamber. The ranking of the materials, with respect to their sorption capacity, is as mentioned above. The adsorption of alpha-pinene was higher than the adsorption of toluene for all the materials. Air velocity was not found to influence the sorption of alpha-pinene and toluene on wool carpet, tested with air velocities at 0, 10 and 20 cm/s. The experiments were carried out during both the adsorption and the desorption phase. The uncertainty of the experiments was lowest during the desorption phase. Based on the results obtained, it can be recommended that sorption experiments should be performed as desorption phase experiments. A one-sink model, based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, appears adequate to describe the results.     

木质家具引入的室内环境污染及防治

家具作为居室装修的重要组成部分,环保性能指标越来越得到人们的重视。家具和地板等对室内空气污染的贡献主要是甲醛、重金属、挥发性有机化合物（VOC）和异味物质。本文介绍质家具引入的室内有害物质种类并提出如何预防和治理室内空气污染。     

An in‐situ thermally regenerated air purifier for indoor formaldehyde removal

Formaldehyde is a common indoor pollutant that is an irritant and has been classified as carcinogen to humans. Adsorption technology is safe and stable and removes formaldehyde efficiently, but its short life span and low adsorption capacity limit its indoor application. To overcome these limitations, we propose an in‐situ thermally regenerated air purifier (TRAP) which self‐regenerates as needed. This purifier has four working modes: cleaning mode, regeneration mode, exhaust mode, and outdoor air in‐take mode, all of which are operated by valve switching. We developed a real‐scale TRAP prototype with activated carbon as adsorbent. The experimental testing showed that the regeneration ratios for formaldehyde of TRAP were greater than 90% during 5 cycles of adsorption‐regeneration and that through the 5 cycles, there was no damage to the adsorption material as confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) tests. The total energy consumption by the prototype for purifying 1000 m³ indoor air was 0.26 kWh. This in‐situ thermal‐regeneration method can recover the purifier's adsorption ability through at least five cycles.     

新型活性炭吸附技术对降低某声学实验室甲醛浓度的实验研究

针对某声学实验室内甲醛污染物浓度严重超标的问题进行了实验分析,发现污染气体主要源头为制作声学实验室内壁的消声材料.针对实验室已建成并投入使用的实际情况,提出在实验室内设置具有浸渍铜锰氧化物的活性炭净化装置,以实现对甲醛的高效吸附.实验验证表明,浸渍铜锰氧化物的活性炭材料相比普通活性炭材料对甲醛的吸附效率明显提高,由普通...     

Evaluation on potential for assessing indoor formaldehyde using biosensor system based on swimming behavior of Japanese medaka (oryzias latipes)

In order to develop an early-warning biosensor system for predicting the impact on health of long-term and low-level exposure to indoor chemical compounds, e.g. volatile organic compounds (VOCs), we evaluated the potential for assessing indoor air quality using the biosensor system based on the swimming behavior of Japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) as an indicator of indoor air quality in the beginning. As a technology to dissolve chemical compounds into water efficiently, a micro bubble generator was introduced. The test chemical was formaldehyde which is a representative of chemical compounds existing indoors. The result of the measuring solubility of formaldehyde was that formaldehyde concentration in water was raised to 0.12 mg/L when 1.0 mg/m³ of formaldehyde in air was bubbled for approximately 44 h. The correlation between the 0.1 mg/L of formaldehyde in water, which is roughly equivalent to 0.83 mg/m³ of formaldehyde in air, and the swimming activities of medaka was investigated. The fish showed abnormal behavior compared to one under a control treatment, e.g. the body movement distance decreased and the duration time near the upper water column increased significantly. It was verified that it is possible to detect concentrations of formaldehyde of 0.83 mg/m³ in indoor air using this proposed biosensor system.     

Theoretical study of simultaneous water and VOCs adsorption and desorption in a silica gel rotor

One-dimensional partial differential equations were used to model the simultaneous water and VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) adsorption and desorption in a silica gel rotor which was recommended for indoor air cleaning. The interaction among VOCs and moisture in the adsorption and desorption process was neglected in the model as the concentrations of VOC pollutants in typical indoor environment were much lower than that of moisture and the adsorbed VOCs occupied only a minor portion of adsorption capacity of the rotor. Consequently VOC transfer was coupled with heat and moisture transfer only by the temperatures of the rotor and the air stream. The VOC transfer equations were solved by discretizing them into explicit up-wind finite differential equations. The model was validated with experimental data. The calculated results suggested that the regeneration time designed for dehumidification may be prolonged to allow complete removal of the VOC pollutants from the rotor. The regeneration temperature designed for dehumidification provides considerable efficiency for indoor air cleaning. The application of the model in estimating the cleaning capacity of the rotor for VOC pollutants was demonstrated. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Silica gel rotors, usually used to dehumidify air, were found to be effective to remove VOCs by experiments recently. But the removal characteristics of VOCs are different from that of moisture. Therefore, the rotor structure and operating parameters for dehumidification needs to be optimized for the use of removing moisture and VOCs. This paper gives a way for the optimization.