催化湿式过氧化氢氧化处理酸性橙Ⅱ动力学研究

采用催化湿式过氧化氢氧化法(CWPO)处理酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水,研究催化氧化过程中酸性橙Ⅱ的反应动力学。通过正交试验考察反应温度、初始pH值、H_2O_2浓度、催化剂量对酸性橙Ⅱ降解效果的影响,得到最佳反应条件为:反应温度60℃,初始pH=3,H_2O_2浓度24 mmol/L及催化剂0.050 g,酸性橙Ⅱ脱色率接近100%,COD去除率为77.66%。各反应条件对降解效果的影响顺序为:反应温度>初始pH>H_2O_2浓度>催化剂量。过氧化氢催化氧化酸性橙Ⅱ过程符合Fermi方程动力学模型,通过Marquardt-Levenberg算法回归计算得到动力学参数。     

酸性橙Ⅱ的化学氧化脱色和矿化

研究了使用NaClO化学氧化处理酸性橙Ⅱ(C．I．Acid Orange 7)模拟染料废水分别以484nm、310nm、255nm波长处吸光值为主要指标,跟踪染料的脱色降解,推测其反应为连串反应。考察了NaClO投加量,染料浓度、温度和 PH值等主要因素对模拟废水脱色的影响。结果表明:用NaClO化学氧化处理0．1mmol/L的酸性橙Ⅱ模拟染料废水时,最佳pH=10,当NaClO与染料的摩尔比为18,温度为30℃,反应时间30分钟,脱色率可达100％,pH值对染料的矿化有很大影响,碱性条件下反应6小时,TOC去除率为50％,酸性或中性条件下去除不明显。     

Fe/生物炭活化过硫酸盐降解偶氮染料金橙Ⅱ

为了去除水中偶氮染料金橙Ⅱ,通过共沉淀法在生物炭上负载Fe制备出一种具有较高催化活性的催化剂(Fe/BC),并利用Fe/BC进行非均相反应处理模拟染料废水,考察不同操作条件对金橙Ⅱ降解效果的影响。结果表明,金橙Ⅱ的脱色率随催化剂投加量的升高而升高,但是随着染料初始浓度的升高而降低。过硫酸盐投加量4 mmol/L和初始p H=5时对金橙Ⅱ的脱色均具有最佳值,也说明了Fe/BC对过硫酸盐具有较高的催化活性,能快速降解金橙Ⅱ。     

Fe/生物炭活化过硫酸盐降解偶氮染料金橙Ⅱ

为了去除水中偶氮染料金橙Ⅱ,通过共沉淀法在生物炭上负载Fe制备出一种具有较高催化活性的催化剂(Fe/BC),并利用Fe/BC进行非均相反应处理模拟染料废水,考察不同操作条件对金橙Ⅱ降解效果的影响。结果表明,金橙Ⅱ的脱色率随催化剂投加量的升高而升高,但是随着染料初始浓度的升高而降低。过硫酸盐投加量4 mmol/L和初始p H=5时对金橙Ⅱ的脱色均具有最佳值,也说明了Fe/BC对过硫酸盐具有较高的催化活性,能快速降解金橙Ⅱ。     

等离子体处理模拟甲基橙染料废水的研究

采用双介质阻挡放电等离子体废水处理系统对模拟的甲基橙染料废水进行了实验研究。主要通过改变处理时间、溶液的酸碱性、初始浓度以及加入Fe~(3+)催化剂等因素,探讨了低温等离子体处理甲基橙染料废水的最佳实验条件:最佳处理时间为18~21 min;在酸性条件下的处理效果较佳;溶液的初始浓度对脱色率影响不大;在加入Fe~(3+)催化剂脱色效果更好,脱色率可以达到79%左右。     

基于BP神经网络的脉冲放电等离子体氧化酸性橙Ⅱ影响因素分析

为了说明多针-板电极脉冲放电等离子体(PDP)氧化酸性橙Ⅱ(AO7)过程中多种因素对AO7脱色效果的影响,本研究建立了PDP氧化AO7的BP神经网络模型,用BP神经网络模拟多因素作用下PDP氧化AO7的反应过程,重点考察溶液条件,包括溶液初始浓度、初始电导率和初始pH等条件对AO7脱色效果的影响趋势。研究所建立的BP神经网络模型对AO7脱色效率的预测值与实际测定值的偏差在±5%范围内,说明BP神经网络模型可以很好地分析PDP这一复杂体系中各溶液条件对AO7脱色效率影响的规律。模型分析结果表明:所建立的PDP水处理系统中,在一定的AO7溶液初始浓度条件下有较高的脱色效果;溶液电导率对AO7的脱色效果基本没有影响;酸性条件更有利于AO7的脱色。     

二氧化钛光催化降解酸性嫩黄的研究

研究了二氧化钛在紫外光下,对酸性嫩黄模拟染料废水的光催化脱色效果。研究结果表明,当酸性嫩黄溶液初始浓度为100 mg/L,溶液初始pH为4,二氧化钛的投加量为0.34%,光催化反应80分钟,其脱色率可达93%。二氧化钛的煅烧温度为450℃时,催化效果最好。光催化氧化法是处理酸性嫩黄染料废水的有效方法。     

酸性橙Ⅱ的催化铁内电解法脱色

对催化铁内电解法处理酸性橙Ⅱ废水的脱色降解进行了研究 ,考察了进水pH值、搅拌速率、进水浓度、铁铜比、支持电解质浓度、进水温度等因素对脱色降解的影响。通过实验确定了最优反应条件。结果表明水溶液中酸性橙Ⅱ被有效地去除了 (>98% ) ,同时COD的去除率也较高 (>76 % )。催化铁内电解法对酸性橙Ⅱ的去除非常有效 ,有较宽的pH值适应范围。     

高铁酸钾对三种染料脱色效果的对比

采用高铁酸钾对3种水溶性染料废水进行氧化脱色研究。考察高铁酸钾用量,反应温度和染料浓度对3种染料脱色率的影响。结果表明,高铁酸钾能有效去除染料废水的色度,高铁酸钾用量和反应温度均存在最佳值。3种染料被氧化脱色的难易程度为:甲基橙>亚甲基蓝>碱性品红。     

强化日光/H_2O_2协同作用对酸性黑染料的降解脱色研究

在H2O2存在条件下,对酸性黑染料进行加强日光照射处理,系统地研究了染料初始浓度、pH值、光照强度、不同阴离子等因素对酸性黑染料废水的脱色效果的影响。结果表明,染料初始浓度越低,光降解速率越高;酸性媒介比碱性媒介更有利于酸性黑光解脱色;染料光解脱色速率随光照强度增加而增加,但在较高光强下时,降解速率增加并不明显。除SO42-离子外,试验范围内的其它Br-、NO3-、Cl-和NO2-等阴离子,均对降解脱色有抑制作用,其中NO2-对脱色作用抑制最显著。处理前后的UV-Vis谱图分析表明酸性黑在H2O2/强化日光光解处理中脱色是因为染料发生氧化光降作用。     

Decolorization of azo dye Orange II by ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture, potassium ferrate(VI) and potassium permanganate

Ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture was prepared using hypochlorite, an industrial by-product, via wet oxidation method. Its oxidizing ability was investigated by decolorizing azo dye Orange II in batch experiments, and compared with potassium ferrate(VI) and potassium permanganate. Effects of the oxidant concentration, dye concentration, initial pH of dye solutions and UV 254 nm irradiation were examined. The color removal by potassium permanganate, potassium ferrate(VI) and the ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture at 30 min reached 17.7%, 62.0% and 95.2%, respectively. The ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture maintained a high decolorization efficiency over a wide pH range from 3.0 to 11.0, indicating that the initial solution pH had little impact on its oxidizing power. However, the decolorization efficiency by potassium permanganate was proved to be highly pH dependent and the lowest efficiency was observed at neutral pH. UV 254 nm irradiation did not enhance the decolorization efficiencies significantly for both the ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture and potassium permanganate over a wide pH range.     

Decolorisation of Remazol vinyl sulphone reactive dyes by potassium permanganate

Three Remazol vinyl sulphone‐based reactive dyes were selected to investigate their decolorisation by potassium permanganate, in relation to pH, concentration of potassium permanganate and time. The amount of colour removal was measured by ultraviolet–visual spectrometry and it was found that potassium permanganate only partially degraded the dye solution; this was also proved by the percent removal of chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon. Decolorisation was observed to increase when the pH of the dye solution was decreased. Up to a pH level of 5, the decolorisation efficiency is very much slower, but as the pH level shifts towards 2 the rate of decolorisation becomes relatively faster, while a further decrease in pH results in a rapid change in decolorisation. The concentration of potassium permanganate also showed significant effects on the decolorisation. Rapid decolorisation was observed within 10 min for all three dyes, but after that time the decolorisation became slower.     

The Fenton Chemistry and Its Combination with Coagulation for Treatment of Dye Solutions

Abstract

Aqueous solutions of Acid Blue 74, Acid Orange 10, and Acid Violet 19 were subjected to Fenton/Fenton‐like oxidation and its combination with lime coagulation. The analysis indicated no dependence of chemical oxidation efficacy on dye concentration in the range of 0.1–1 g L^?1. Complete or nearly complete (higher than 95%) color removal of all treated samples was observed. Dye:H₂O₂ weight ratio of 1∶2 proved optimal for treatment of all dye solutions by means of Fenton/Fenton‐like oxidation. Moderate doses of hydrogen peroxide led to the improvement of biodegradability of dye solutions. No formation of any toxic intermediates during the oxidation of Acid Orange 10 and Acid Violet 19 was detected. Only a slight toxicity increase was observed after Acid Blue 74 degradation by Fenton chemistry. H₂O₂/Fe³⁺ system with pH adjusted to 3 proved the most effective oxidation process. The combination of Fenton chemistry and subsequent lime coagulation was the most feasible treatment method of removing COD and UV₂₅₄ and UV_max absorbance of dye solutions. Combined oxidation and coagulation was more effective for Acid Blue 74 and Acid Orange 10 elimination than for Acid Violet 19.     

Sorption of textile dye from aqueous solution by macroporous amino‐functionalized copolymer

Macroporous poly(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (PGME) was synthesized by suspension copolymerization and functionalized with diethylene triamine (PGME‐deta). The effect of pH, contact time, and sorbent mass on sorption efficiency of initial and functionalized copolymer sample for removal of Acid Orange 10 dye from aqueous solutions was studied. No dye was sorbed by nonfunctionalized copolymer, indicating that sorption of Acid Orange 10 by PGME‐deta is specific, through amino groups. The isotherm data are best fitted by Langmuir model, indicating homogeneous distribution of active sites in PGME‐deta as well as monolayer sorption. Sorption kinetics study showed that the sorption of Acid Orange 10 by PGME‐deta obeys the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. It was shown that PGME‐deta selectively sorbs Acid Orange 10 from binary solution with Bezaktiv Rot reactive dye. The comparison of sorption characteristics of PGME‐deta with activated carbon showed that this functionalized copolymer might be used as an alternative sorbent for textile dyes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Dye behavior of cationically treated silk

To increase the performance of silk fabrics, especially their dyeability, a cationic modifying agent, 3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propyl dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (HSQA), was prepared in our laboratory. The dye behavior of the cationized silk was examined with five leveling‐type acid dyes. Better color shades and good washing fastness were achieved after silk was cationized by HSQA, and it was possible to dye silk under neutral conditions at 70°C. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm and kinetic properties of the cationized silk dyed with CI Acid Orange 7 were investigated. The adsorption of CI Acid Orange 7 onto the HSQA‐cationized silk was also in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm, with an enthalpy and an entropy of −20.13 kJ/mol and −30.06 J/mol K respectively. A pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model agreed well with the dynamic behaviors for the adsorption of CI Acid Orange 7 onto the cationized silk under neutral conditions, with the activation energy decreasing from 61.87 to 53.32 kJ/mol. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

应用Coriolus versicolor催化染料及印染废水脱色

利用固定化C .versicolor菌丝球对 4种染料和印染废水的脱色进行了研究 .在三角瓶中采用重复分批加料方式对酸性橙溶液脱色至少可以进行 10批 ,每批在 2 4h内完成 97%以上的脱色效果 .菌丝球对其他 3种染料也有较好的脱色效果 .在脱色过程中添加碳源是必要的 .此外 ,还利用自制的气升式反应器对酸性橙和印染废水的连续降解进行了研究 .当稀释率为 0 .0 0 5 6h^-1、通风量为 1.1L·min^-1时 ,酸性橙溶液的脱色率可达 97%;当稀释率为 0 .0 14h^-1、通风量为 1.4L·min^-1时 ,印染废水的脱色率为 93.5 %,连续操作 5d后 ,菌丝球的脱色能力没有下降 .     

恒电位下电氧化脱色降解酸性橙Ⅱ

采用恒电位模式,在有阳离子交换膜分隔的两室电解槽中以RuO2/Ti阳极对酸性橙Ⅱ进行氧化脱色降解。分别以484 nm、310 nm、255 nm波长处的吸收值为指标,跟踪脱色降解过程。脱色反应符合准一级动力学,表观反应速率常数分别与阳极电位、氯化钠浓度、染料初始浓度之间存在指数函数关系、线性关系和倒数函数关系。氯化钠浓度为40 mmol/L时,染料100%脱色,萘环结构受到一定程度破坏,染料未发生明显矿化。间接电氧化在脱色降解过程中起主导作用,直接电氧化起一定作用。     

Dyeing fine denier polypropylene fibers with phenylazo- β -naphthol-containing sulfonamide disperse dyes

A series of phenylazo-β-naphthol-containing sulfonamide disperse dyes were prepared from C.I. Acid Orange 7 by successive reactions of chlorination and amination, and their chemical structures were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and mass spectrometry. The dyes were applied to coloring of knitted fabrics from fine denier polypropylene fibers by exhaust dyeing and their optimal dyeing conditions, such as dyebath pH, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and dye concentration were investigated in detail. Then, dye exhaustion, color strength, and color fastnesses of the dyes on the fibers were assessed and summarized. In view of dye exhaustion and color strength of the sulfonamide dyes on fine denier PP fabrics, 90°C was selected as the best dyeing temperature at dye concentration below or equal to 3.0% owf. For achieving higher color strength, 130°C was the better choice when the dye concentration was above 3.0% owf. The sulfonamide dyes, especially secondary sulfonamide dyes, exhibited superior dye exhaustion and color fastnesses to washing, sublimation, and rubbing on fine denier PP fabrics in comparison to C.I. Solvent Yellow 14 bearing the same chromophore but without sulfonamide group.     

The sensitivity and impact of dye structure and fibre micronaire on the increased dyeability of bioengineered cotton fibres

Previous research reported on a screening method to assess the functionalisation of bioengineered cotton fibres through the absorption of CI Acid Orange 7. The aim of the present paper is to extend this study to different dye classes. Thus the dye absorption of bioengineered cotton fibres containing oligochitin is studied for a series of dye classes. Statistically significant differences were found between cotton lines designed to produce oligochitin in the fibre and their respective controls for all tested dyes, confirming previous results with CI Acid Orange 7. Further, although variations in micronaire influenced dye absorption, it was confirmed for all dyes tested as well as for CI Acid Orange 7 that the oligochitin production had a larger impact on the exhaustion values than the differences in micronaire. The method described in this paper can be applied as a screening tool to meet the challenge of working with small quantities of fibrous materials. Moreover it shows the potential that the incorporated oligochitin has for increasing dyeability with a wide range of dyes and creating fibres with more versatile reactivity.     

Dyeing fine denier polypropylene fibers with phenylazo-<Emphasis Type="Italic">β</Emphasis>-naphthol-containing sulfonamide disperse dyes

A series of phenylazo-β-naphthol-containing sulfonamide disperse dyes were prepared from C.I. Acid Orange 7 by successive reactions of chlorination and amination, and their chemical structures were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and mass spectrometry. The dyes were applied to coloring of knitted fabrics from fine denier polypropylene fibers by exhaust dyeing and their optimal dyeing conditions, such as dyebath pH, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and dye concentration were investigated in detail. Then, dye exhaustion, color strength, and color fastnesses of the dyes on the fibers were assessed and summarized. In view of dye exhaustion and color strength of the sulfonamide dyes on fine denier PP fabrics, 90°C was selected as the best dyeing temperature at dye concentration below or equal to 3.0% owf. For achieving higher color strength, 130°C was the better choice when the dye concentration was above 3.0% owf. The sulfonamide dyes, especially secondary sulfonamide dyes, exhibited superior dye exhaustion and color fastnesses to washing, sublimation, and rubbing on fine denier PP fabrics in comparison to C.I. Solvent Yellow 14 bearing the same chromophore but without sulfonamide group.