太阳能LED杀虫灯的研究

太阳能光伏和LED照明技术是最有前景的无公害灭虫技术之一.为了开发低成本的无公害灭虫技术,设计了一种太阳能光伏LED杀虫灯系统.通过试验研究,取得了一定的效果.文章简述了害虫的趋光性、LED灯的光学特性和基于LED的杀虫技术.     

依靠科技进步推进节能降耗

2006年2月16日的《中国冶金报》刊登中国金属学会题为《谁是2005年的领跑者》的权威文章,:公布了2005年我国钢铁生产指标之最,在电炉生产一栏中,兴澄特钢以235千瓦时/吨名列全国电炉生产综合电耗最低.     

Research on an Arc Air-Lubricating Oil Radiator Equipped in Internal Surface of Air Intake for the Aero Engine

Due to huge-power aircraft development and more electronic devices applied onboard,high heat flow density and uneven thermal distribution are becoming new problems.One new try is adding an air-lubricating oil radiator as the secondary cooling component but there are still few reports on its research.Therefore,this paper proposes a newly-design plate-fin air-lubricating oil radiator different from tube-fin or shell-tube conventionally used in previous engine system.This radiator is arc,and equipped in internal surface of air intake.Numerical and experimental analyses were carried out on fin performance.Their results agreed well with average error of 13%on thermal resistance.Then heat and flow behaviors of oil side were presented with different structures and sizes of flowing passage.According to all research,optimized radiator is gained with fin spacing of 3.76 mm,fin thickness of 2 mm,single flowing path with width of 13 mm and gradient inlet and outlet.Its heat dissipation of 28.35 k W and pressure loss of 2.2 MPa can meet actual working requirements.The research proves an air-lubricating oil radiator with arc structure and layout mode of internal surface to be feasible,which is a new but efficient cooling scheme and can lead to an innovative but wide use in modern aircrafts.     

金晶出任太阳雨太阳能残奥助威团形象大使

5月6日,中国残奥委、中国残疾人事业新闻宣传促进会在人民大会堂联合举行新闻发布会宣布,我国能源行业新贵江苏太阳雨太阳能集团成为残奥助威团全程独家合作伙伴,在圣火传递中感动全球的残疾人运动员金晶成为"残奥助威团"的形象大使.     

1341材料在循环水泵上的应用

对热电厂发电机的三台循环水泵的运行状况进行了分析,并用BELZONA1341材料对水泵叶轮的表面进行了处理,减少了叶轮表面与水流的阻力和涡流的产生,降低了电机的有功电流,节约了电能,并且延长设备的寿命,效果十分明显.     

首届中国清洁技术投融资峰会在北京举行

随着中国经济的飞速发展,能源短缺,环境污染等问题日益严重.欧美等发达国家早已开始着手解决这些问题,每年都有大量来自于政府、企业和风险投资的资金用于清洁技术的研究与应用.根据道琼斯数据显示,2007年在清洁技术领域,全球共发生了221项投资案例,投资总额达30亿美元,比2006年增长了43%.     

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer for a Single-Planar-Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Considering Internal Reforming

The temperature uniformity and component concentration distributions in solid oxide fuel cells during operating processes can influence the cell electrochemical and thermal characteristics.A three-dimensional thermal-fluid numerical model including electrochemical reactions and water-gas-shift(WGS)reaction for a single channel solid oxide fuel cell was developed to study the steady-state characteristics,which include distributions of the temperature(T),temperature gradient((35)T/(35)x),and fuel utilization.It was shown that the maximum temperature(Tmax)changed with operating voltage and the maximum temperature gradient(((35)T/(35)x)max)occurred at the inlet of the channel of a solid oxide fuel cell by simulation.Moreover,the natural convection condition had a great influence on T and(35)T/(35)x.The thermal stress generated by temperature differences was the key parameter and increasing the convection heat-transfer coefficient can greatly reduce the thermal stress.In addition,the results also showed that there were lower temperature gradients and lower current density at high working voltage;therefore,choosing the proper operating voltage can obtain better cell performance.     

中国科技部长万钢获国际氢能大奖

第十七届世界国际氢能大会于2008年6月15日～19日在澳大利亚布里斯班市举行,来自全世界44个国家的600余位代表聚集一堂,讨论当代氧能技术和发展趋势.     

微型燃气轮机表面式回热器的应力分析

应用ANSYS软件,对100kW高效紧凑式微型燃气轮机用表面式回热器进行了应力分析,验证了选用的换热片材料(0Cr18Ni11Nb)的可靠性.结果表明:温度载荷所产生的热应力是应力中的主要部分,温度每升高50K,应力增大6MPa;换热片设计成燃气通道截面积大于空气通道截面积时具有最高的强度.     

木醋液的精制方法及其在农林生产上的应用

木醋液的性能越来越受到人们的重视,逐渐成为人们研究的热点.文章概述了木醋液精制方法的种类、原理和现状,并对其在农林生产上的应用作了详细的介绍,对木醋液的研究提出了相应的见解.     

The effects of different greenhouse covering materials on energy requirement,growth and yield of aubergine

Effects of UV stabilised polyethylene (UV+PE), IR absorbers polyethylene (IR+PE), double layers of polyethylene (D-Poly) and single layer of polyethylene (PE), as greenhouse covers, on aubergine growth, productivity and energy requirement were investigated in a late autumn season (2001). The late and final yields of plants grown in D-Poly houses were higher than those grown in UV+PE, IR+PE and PE. Light transmission was the highest in PE, intermediate in UV+PE and IR+PE, and the lowest in D-Poly houses. Relative humidity was the highest in D-Poly, intermediate in IR+PE and UV+PE, and the lowest in PE houses. The plants in D-Poly houses grew and developed faster (more leaves and flowers) than those in IR+PE, UV+PE and PE houses. Plant growth and development in UV+PE and IR+PE houses was similar. Economic analyses showed that aubergine production was economically viable in D-Poly, UV+PE and IR+PE houses. For aubergine production in climatic conditions similar to Black Sea Region, the D-Poly greenhouse is strongly recommended, because there was a higher productivity and a lower heating requirement in comparison to UV+PE, IR+PE and PE houses.     

Hydrogen in China: Policy,program and progress

The paper introduces the role of energy in China economy context, criteria for sustainable development in energy sector, China's hydrogen vision, the role of hydrogen in China's R&D plan, recently launched national programs, and progresses and achievements in research, development and demonstration. The paper concludes that with fast economy development in the new era in China, the energy sector has been confronted with severe challenges in terms of supply security, environment pollution and greenhouse gas emission, and China has attached significant priority on research and development in hydrogen and fuel cell areas, as one of effective counter-measures to address these challenges. Transition to the hydrogen economy in China, a long-term, non-carbon energy solution, is believed to play a significant role, complementary to electricity, in the future sustainable energy system. It is recommended that more priority be attached for R&D in secondary industry, especially the utilization of hydrogen and fuel cell in stationary power generation from coal gasification.     

卷烟厂空调系统新风节能控制策略的研究

本文以上海某卷烟厂为例,利用空调负荷软件DEST和上海地区标准年气象参数,分析了定风量空调系统24h全天运行时各个空调季节的新风节能潜力,并提出了冬季采取调节新回风比、过渡季节通过自控系统来利用新风,夏季按最小新风运行的新风控制策略,可为卷烟行业空调系统的设计和运行提供参考。该结论还适用于热湿负荷特性类似于卷烟厂车间的全天运行的空调建筑。     

热油泄漏对土壤温度场影响的模拟分析

借助CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)软件建立土壤多孔介质中流固耦合的相变数学模型,对埋地管道上部泄漏热油在冬夏季不同土壤中渗透扩散时,大地温度场的变化进行模拟分析。模拟结果表明:泄漏前,热油管道冬夏季长期运行所形成的径向稳态温度场等温线分布呈近似的对称状态;泄漏发生后,热油凝点以上的液相热影响区域冬夏季等温线分布相似,均是以扇形区域逐步向四周扩张,固液两相区外围的热影响区冬季冻土中的温度梯度大于夏季泄漏工况;热油在冬季冻土中的扩散速率比夏季低约3%。     

江西工业领域推行合同能源管理的对策建议

合同能源管理是西方发达国家普遍采用的节能机制,1997年引入我国后,经过10多a的发展,政策日益完善,市场规模不断扩大,成为我国开展节能工作的有力工具。对江西省节能服务产业现状及存在的主要问题进行’了．分析,提出了加快推行江西省工业领域合同能源管理的对策建议。     

藏北高原典型草甸下垫面与HEIFE沙漠区辐射平衡气候学特征对比分析

利用中日合作“全球能量与水分平衡试验一青藏高原季风试验(GAME—Tibet)”和中日合作“黑河地区地一气相互作用野外观测实验研究(HEIFE)”IOP、FOP资料,计算分析了藏北高原典型草甸下垫面安多站和HEIFE沙漠站的辐射平衡各相关特征量时频变化的气候学特征。结果表明：无论是高原安多站还是黑河沙漠站,夏季均出现超太阳常数现象(只是安多更为明显);总辐射、大气逆辐射、地表长波辐射、地表有效辐射和地表辐射平衡等的日变化(晴天)无论是安多站还是沙漠站均表现为早晚出现最小值而正午附近(地方时)达到最大值,而地表反照率的日变化(晴天)相反表现为早晚大而正午附近小的规律;上述各分量均表现有程度不等的季节变化规律：总辐射、大气逆辐射、地表长波辐射和地表辐射平衡均表现为夏半年增大达到最大值百而冬半年降低量出现最小值;另外,大气长波辐射、地表有效辐射和地表反照率在沙漠站的年际变化的振幅较安多站更为显著和有规律。     

Explosion hazard of hydrogen–air mixtures in the large volumes

The report deals with the investigation of non-stationary combustion of hydrogen–air mixtures extremely relevant to the issues of safety. Considered are the conditions of its formation and development in the tubes, in the conic element and in the spherical 12-m diameter chamber. The report shows that at the formation of non-stationary combustion in the conic element, in its top the pressure can develop exceeding 100 MPa. It is also shown that in large closed volumes non-stationary combustion can develop from a small energy source, in contrast to detonation for its stimulation in large volumes of significant power influences are required. Simultaneously, in the large closed volume a pressure can be formed by far exceeding the Chapman–Jouguet pressure in the front of stationary detonation.     

Quantitative research of incentive effects of heat-metering policy on energy-saving behavior in Tianjin

To promote energy efficiency and emission reduction, the Chinese government has invested large amounts of resources in heat-metering reform over the past decade. However, heat-metering, which can reduce energy consumption by 15% at least in developed countries, is still not well known in China. This paper quantitatively analyzed the arousal effect of heat-metering policy on occupancy behavior regarding energy saving utilizing statistics method based on measured data of heating energy consumption of approximately 20000 users from 2008 to 2012 in Tianjin. The statistical data showed significant difference on energy consumption between users based on metering and based on area. The energy-saving rate in the heating season increased significantly from 4.11% in 2008–2009 to 10.27% in 2011–2012 as the implement of the heat-metering policy. The difference in energy-saving according to various outdoor temperatures showed that the energy-saving of occupancy behavior was more significant in a warm season than in a cold season. It also showed that the impact of heat-metering policy would be more pronounced in generally insulated buildings (15.55%) than in better insulated units (6.45%). Besides, this paper proposed some feasible suggestions for the formulation and implementation of heat-metering policy in northern heating areas of China.     

Exploration of the land potential for the production of biomass for energy in the Netherlands

The energy potential for energy crops and biomass residues in the Netherlands is assessed. The analysis explores the possible use of land for biomass production in the future. Various government memorandums and analyses of the expected future land use in various sectors have served as the basis for the assessment of the supply of and the demand for land in the future. In this study the potential supply of agricultural land is based on expected productivity increments in agriculture and assumptions with respect to the future demand for agricultural products. Various future claims for infrastructure, forestry, urban areas and nature are subtracted from the expected supply. The net projected supply of land ranges from zero to 52 000 ha in 2000 to 110 000-250 000 ha in 2015. The supply of agricultural land depends however on a number of supra-national factors, such as the European agricultural policy, world market developments and the agricultural production in the countries in Eastern Europe. Uncertainties remain, therefore, and the projected supply of agricultural land should be considered as a possible scenario based on current trends. If the calculated land potential is used for energy crops like miscanthus and short rotation coppice, this land could contribute 0-10 PJ in 2000 and 27-59 PJ in 2015. Secondary biomass yields, such as those from forestry, agricultural residues, wood from prunings, etc., could contribute a further 34 PJ in 2000, decreasing to approximately 28 PJ in 2015. Taken together these potentials could satisfy 1-1.5% of the energy requirements of the Netherlands in 2000 and 1.5-2.5% in 2015, provided that energy farming is an economically feasible activity for farmers.