基于正交试验的Ti8弯管内表面精密研磨工艺参数研究

钛合金弯管在弯曲成形时,内表面会产生表面微缺陷,影响其正常使用。磁极辅助磁粒研磨可以很好地解决这一难题。利用正交试验法对磁极转速、磁性研磨粒子粒径及研磨液类型这3个工艺参数进行优化试验,并对试验参数进行极差和方差分析。分析可知,在磁极辅助磁粒研磨弯管内表面时,转速为600 r/min、选用珩磨油和平均粒径为150μm的磁性研磨粒子,研磨后的平均表面粗糙度值Ra=1. 33μm降至Ra=0. 12μm左右,表面质量得到很好的改善。通过对显著因素的单一变量试验得知,采用粗精加工相结合的方式可以在保证加工质量的同时提高加工效率。     

磁力研磨加工表面粗糙度特性研究

针对大型模具曲面光整加工问题.探讨采用磁力研磨加工模具曲面的工艺.根据磁力研磨加工原理,基于数控铣床研制了磁力研磨实验装置,对平面和凹面的磁力研磨加工进行了实验研究.采用工具旋转的磁力研磨加工方式,磁性磨料受到磁场约束力和离心力的作用,成为影响加工过程正反两方面的因素.经过对磁力研磨加工过程中加工区域的磁感应强度、加工间隙、磁极工具转速及加工次数等参数对工件表面粗糙度影响的研究,得到了平面与凹面的磁力研磨加工过程优化参数.     

磁力研磨加工塑料模具钢的表面粗糙度特性研究

针对大型模具曲面精整加工的问题,探讨采用磁力研磨加工模具曲面的工艺。基于数控铣床研制了磁力研磨实验装置,对塑料模具钢磁力研磨加工进行了实验研究。采用工具旋转的磁力研磨加工方式,磁性磨料受到磁场约束力和离心力的作用,成为影响加工过程正反两方面的因素。经过对加工区域的磁感应强度、加工间隙、磁极工具转速、进给速度及加工时间等参数对工件表面粗糙度的影响规律的研究,得到了模具钢磁力研磨加工过程优化参数。     

航空发动机液压弯管振动特性影响因素试验研究

针对航空发动机液压弯管振动情况的特殊性及其复杂的工作环境,利用试验测试及仿真的方法研究航空弯管结构参数对其流固耦合振动特性的影响。研究结果表明:对于不锈钢液压弯管随着内表面粗糙度降低,管路振动幅度和噪声明显降低,而铝合金弯管利用磁力研磨加工后其振幅和噪声变化不显著,同时验证了不锈钢硬质材料的航空液压弯管内表面在经磁力研磨加工前后其固有频率均高于铝合金弯管的固有频率,并且液压弯管的角度、长度等因素在软硬质材料中均对弯管振动特性产生明显的影响。     

超声磁力复合研磨钛合金锥孔的试验研究

为了提高钛合金锥孔的研磨质量和研磨效率,提出了采用超声波振动辅助磁力研磨的复合加工方案。加工时,磨粒在磁场束缚下切削锥孔表面,并对其进行不断撞击,且因为磁场力、超声振动力和离心力等综合影响的原因,磨粒的切削轨迹呈现明显的多向性。针对钛合金锥孔,与传统磁力研磨法进行试验对比,并分析研磨后试件的材料去除量、表面粗糙度和表面形貌等来验证超声磁力复合研磨的效果。结果表明：超声磁力复合研磨加工效率得到提高;锥孔的材料去除量增加至1.6倍;研磨后锥孔平均表面粗糙度由原始的R_a1.23 μm降至R_a0.25 μm,下降率是传统工艺的1.3倍;试件表面的微波峰、凹坑和加工纹理均被去除,锥孔表面质量得到显著提高,且试件形状精度得到改善。     

模具表面光整加工工艺技术

根据磁力研磨加工的特点,结合数控技术,介绍了模具表面的光整加工工艺。主要分析研究了该工艺的工作原理、加工特点、工艺参数,并进行了工艺实践,证实了模具表面应用磁力研磨工艺进行光整加工的可行性和优越性。     

内圆磁力研磨新工艺的试验研究

这里介绍一种机械加工新工艺──利用永久磁铁及磁性磨料对难加工材料不锈钢工件内表面进行研磨。用正交试验法试验了磨料粒度、工件转速、磁极间隙等参数对磁力研磨效果的影响。     

磁力研磨法在微小凹槽表面光整加工中的应用

针对模具上小凹槽内表面的毛刺去除难题,提出采用磁力研磨新工艺,通过磁场中磁力作用实现对模具型腔的内表面研磨加工,有效去除凹槽内表面的毛刺,降低表面粗糙度值,提高表面质量。利用自行设计的专用实验装置,分析了磁力研磨的加工原理和技术特点;通过理论分析,讨论了影响加工表面质量和加工效率的主要因素,并采用实验结合有限元分析,验证其理论的可行性,通过实验结果的对比对工艺条件进行了优化设计,为小凹槽内表面的光整加工提出了合理的解决方案和措施。     

磁力研磨调质45钢的工艺参数和表面形貌研究

开展磁力研磨加工方法对调质45钢的加工能力以及最优工艺参数的研究。实验采用SiC磨料和铸钢粉的混合物作为磁性磨料,钕铁硼永磁铁做磁极,利用正交试验方法从研磨液类型、磨料粒度、磨料比重、加工间隙和磁场强度5个因素分别4个水平进行实验设计,通过比较加工前后工件被加工区域表面粗糙度改善率(%ΔRa)进行磁力研磨工艺参数的优化。实验结果表明,磁力研磨加工调质45钢的优化后工艺参数为:油酸研磨液、360# SiC磨料、磨料比重30%、加工间隙1 mm、0.359~0.133T(?30 mm×20 mm永磁铁);经磁力研磨光整加工后,工件表面粗糙度由初始的1.941μm降至1.053μm;磁力研磨加工后工件表面的加工纹理得到有效降低。     

基于磁力研磨法光整内环槽的实验研究

液压系统中常常需要大量内环槽密封结构件,由于尺寸小、加工空间有限,传统研磨工艺难以有效对其表面进行光整加工。结合磁力研磨法的原理及特点提出采用该方法对工件内环槽表面进行实验加工,并总结了内环槽磁力研磨光整的基本工艺参数,经过60 min研磨加工后,内环槽两侧面平均表面粗糙度可由Ra3.47μm降至Ra0.63μm,底面的粗糙度也可由Ra3.25μm降至Ra0.70μm,且通过微观表面观察发现原始加工纹理得到了有效去除。结果表明,基于磁力研磨法,采用磁石直接吸附磁性磨料,与内环槽各个表面均保持1 mm间隙进行光整时,可以实现对内环槽3个面的同步光整加工。     

Study on the inner surface finishing of irregular spatial elbow pipe by the centerline reconstruction

Due to the compact space structure of aerospace engine, the structure of the inner spatial elbow pipe of the engine exhibits irregular geometric characteristics, which makes the inner surface of the curved pipe difficult to polish, especially the bending place’s surface quality cannot be ensured. It is centerline reconstruction that can be a good solution to this problem, which measures the outer surface contour line and generates the spatial point cloud of the elbow pipe and thus, the irregular geometric centerline of the spatial elbow pipe is rebuilt. Furthermore, the polishing path of the spatial elbow pipe is calculated and optimized. At the same time, using of magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) has well in flexible machining characteristics, the outer space of the elbow pipe is loaded with rotating magnetic field, so as to get form a “magnetic abrasive brush” inside the tube, achieve the purpose of bending the inner surface finishing. Under the same processing time, compared with the pure manual measuring magnetic grain processing, the reconstruction of the center line of the magnetic processing can make the space bend surface roughness lowered to 0.11 μm, which improves the processing quality of the tube surface and the processing efficiency.     

Study on improving the trajectory to elevate the surface quality of plane magnetic abrasive finishing

This paper aims to improve the surface integrity and surface homogeneity with various trajectories by a newly self-designed experiment device. In the experiments, three kinds of polishing trajectories were studied with attached revolution motion to magnetic abrasive brush (MAB) based on conventional magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process. The surface roughness, the cross-sectional shape, and the 3D micro-morphology were chosen as the response variables to explore the feasibility and benefits of the proposed improving polishing method. The results show that the plane homogeneity and surface quality improved in varying degrees after improving the polishing trajectory. In addition, combining MAF theory to analyze related reasons, the trajectory expression of the magnetic abrasive particles (MAPs) was established and was simulated by Graph software. The theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results which indicated that analysis of polishing trajectory can be used to predict polishing results. Thus, it is feasible to plan polishing trajectory reasonable according to workpiece profile and surface quality requirements.     

集群磁流变变间隙动压平坦化加工试验研究

为了提高光电晶片集群磁流变平坦化加工效果,提出集群磁流变变间隙动压平坦化加工方法,探究各工艺参数对加工效果的影响规律。以蓝宝石晶片为研究对象开展了集群磁流变变间隙动压平坦化加工和集群磁流变抛光对比试验,通过检测加工表面粗糙度、材料去除率,观测加工表面形貌、集群磁流变抛光垫中磁链串受动态挤压前后形态变化,研究挤压幅值、工件盘转速、挤压频率以及最小加工间隙等工艺参数对加工效果的影响规律。试验结果表明：集群磁流变平坦化加工在施加工件轴向微幅低频振动后,集群磁流变抛光垫中形成的磁链串更粗壮,不但使其沿工件的径向流动实现磨粒动态更新、促使加工界面内有效磨粒数增多,而且在工件与抛光盘之间的加工间隙产生动态抛光压力、使磨粒与加工表面划擦过程柔和微量化,形成了提高材料去除效率、降低加工表面粗糙度的机制。对于2英寸蓝宝石晶电（1英寸=2.54 cm）集群磁流变变间隙动压平坦化加工与集群磁流变抛光加工效果相比,材料去除率提高19.5%,表面粗糙度降低了42.96%,在挤压振动频率1 Hz、最小加工间隙1 mm、挤压幅值0.5 mm、工件盘转速500 r/min的工艺参数下进行抛光可获得表面粗糙度为Ra0.45 nm的超光滑表面,材料去除率达到3.28 nm/min。证明了集群磁流变变间隙动压平坦化加工方法可行有效。     

平面磁力研磨轨迹的研究与分析

利用自行设计的试验装置,改善了磁力刷的研磨轨迹。结果表明:改善磁力刷研磨轨迹后,不仅可以减小表面粗糙度值、提高平面精度,还改善了研磨截面微观形状均匀性。另外,可通过采取理论分析的方法对研磨效果进行预测。     

Development and Polishing Process of a Mobile Robot Finishing Large Mold Surface

□ A novel self-determination polishing robot finishing large mold free-form surface is developed, and the finishing process method is researched. Contrary to traditional approaches, our premise is that a large mold surface can be polished by using a small robot. This robot system is mainly composed of a polishing robot part, a computer system and a visual positioning system. A type of robot with four uniform distribution wheels was designed, which has two driving wheels and two driven wheels. Active compliant control of the polishing tool was provided by a pneumatic servo system, and a new special compliant abrasive tool was proposed on the basis of robot characteristics. The process planning steps consisted of subdividing the free-form surface, choosing an abrasive tool, planning the polishing path and optimizing machining parameters. Based on the orthogonal experiment and the grey relational analysis method, the optimal parameter combination was obtained for polishing force, tool speed and feed rate. Aiming to polishing times, the surface roughness method and polishing efficiency method were studied in detail. The polishing experiments were carried out in the robot using process parameters obtained by the efficiency method. These research results provided significant theory foundation and experimental data for a mobile robot planning polishing to realize intelligible process parameter selection.     

小容量电器微小触头的磁力去毛刺技术

小容量电器微小触头的磁力去毛刺工艺是在磁场的作用下、利用磁性磨料形成的的柔性磁刷,对触头相应表面产生一定的碰撞、滚压、滑擦、刻划,实现触头表面的抛光和去毛刺。采用ANSYS对磁路进行了分析和设计,对磨粒与工件进行了受力及运动分析,建立了磁力研磨试验平台,进行了相应的工艺性实验。试验结果表明,磁力研磨技术对触点的抛光作用明显,并能有效去除触头毛刺。     

单晶SiC基片的集群磁流变平面抛光加工

基于集群磁流变效应超光滑平面抛光理论及研制的试验装置,对单晶SiC基片进行了平面抛光试验研究。研究结果表明,金刚石磨料对单晶SiC基片具有较好的抛光效果;加工间隙在1.4mm以内抛光效果较好,30min抛光能使表面粗糙度值减小87%以上;随着加工时间的延长,表面粗糙度越来越小,加工30min时粗糙度减小率达到86.54%,继续延长加工时间,加工表面粗糙度趋向稳定。通过优化工艺参数对直径为50.8mm(2英寸)6H单晶SiC进行了集群磁流变平面抛光,并用原子力显微镜观察了试件加工前后的三维形貌和表面粗糙度,发现经过30min加工,表面粗糙度Ra从72.89nm减小至1.9nm,说明集群磁流变效应超光滑平面抛光用于抛光单晶SiC基片可行有效且效果显著。     

Effect of extrusion pressure and number of finishing cycles on surface roughness in magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (MRAFF) process

Magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (MRAFF) was developed as a new precision finishing process for complicated geometries using smart magnetorheological polishing fluid. This process introduces determinism and in-process controllability of rheological behaviour of abrasive laden medium used for finishing intricate shapes. Magnetorheological polishing (MRP) fluid is comprised of carbonyl iron powder and silicon carbide abrasives dispersed in a viscoplastic base of grease and mineral oil and exhibits change in rheological behaviour in presence of external magnetic field. This smart behaviour of MRP fluid is utilized to precisely control finishing forces. The process performance in terms of surface roughness reduction depends on process variables like hydraulic extrusion pressure, magnetic flux density in the finishing zone, number of finishing cycles, and composition of MRP fluid. In the present work, experiments were conducted on a hydraulically powered MRAFF experimental setup to study the effect of extrusion pressure and number of finishing cycles on the change in surface roughness of stainless steel grounded workpieces. A new observation of “illusive polishing” action with the initial increase in number of finishing cycles is reported. The actual finishing action is possible only after removal of initial loosely held material remaining after grinding.     

Development of a new magnetic abrasive finishing process with renewable abrasive particles using the circulatory system

In order to improve the finishing efficiency of the Magnetic Abrasive Finishing process, we proposed a new MAF process with renewable abrasive particles using compound magnetic finishing fluid circulatory system in this paper. This new finishing process has a circulating system that uses a conveyor belt to renew the mixed abrasive particles. This not only maintains the stability of the finishing but also ensures that the processing does not need to be interrupted. In this study, we investigated the magnetic field distribution, finishing force, and finishing behavior of the processing area. Furthermore, we designed experimental device to finish the sus304 stainless steel plate, to verify the feasibility of this process and understand its characteristics through processing experiments. Moreover, the influence of important process parameters, including magnetic particles, abrasive particles, conveyor belt line speed and working gap, on the surface quality of the workpiece is studied through the experiment. The experimental results indicate that the present process can achieve stable processing of the material surface without interruption, and the surface roughness of the sus304 stainless steel plate has been improved from 273 nm to 23 nm through this process.     

多角度弯曲管磨粒流加工数值模拟研究

采用磨粒流加工工艺对多角度弯曲管内表面抛光过程进行数值模拟研究。利用FLUENT软件研究了不同弯曲角度下入口流速、磨料浓度对磨粒流抛光工艺过程的影响,得到了入口流速、磨料浓度对弯管局部压差、进出口压差、湍流强度等参数的影响规律。对压力和速度的整体作用效果进行了分析,得出了磨粒流抛光细长管类零件内表面的适宜工况。在此基础上,进行了磨粒流抛光过程热量积聚的非稳态模拟,模拟结果表明加工过程中温度变化较小。研究结果为实际磨粒流加工提供了参考。