基于二次噪声检测和细节保护规则函数的图像滤波算法

现有的图像椒盐噪声滤除算法缺乏对小于滤波窗口的图像细节与边缘信息的保护能力,本文提出了一种基于二次噪声检测和细节保护规则函数的图像椒盐噪声滤波算法,算法将滤噪过程分为两个阶段:噪声检测和噪声恢复阶段.在噪声检测过程中,用自适应中值原理对图像中的噪声点进行初步检测,然后通过局部模糊隶属度函数对检测出的噪声点进行二次判断,有效提高了噪声检测的准确度.在噪声恢复阶段,利用细节保护规则函数与₁数据逼近的凸面代价函数来恢复噪声点.为了充分利用图像局部特征,该算法自适应地选择噪声点周围的象素点利用细节规则保护函数得到输出值,当图像噪声点的凸面代价函数值达到最小时,噪声图像得到最佳恢复.实验结果表明,本文提出的滤波算法针对椒盐噪声具有很好的细节保护与噪声滤除能力,特别是在噪声感染率高(70%以上)的情况下,算法性能优于现有的其它算法.     

一种抑制脉冲噪声的边缘检测算法

提出了一种针对脉冲噪声图像的边缘检测算法,算法借鉴了中值滤波的思想,并采用十字型卷积模板计算图像梯度。首先,对参与图像中梯度计算的像素点进行阈值判断,如果是噪声点,该点像素值用3x3窗口中值滤波结果值替代,然后参与梯度计算,如果不是噪声点则直接参与梯度计算;其次对梯度图像进行细化和二值化以提取边缘图像。实验证明,本文算法对脉冲噪声污染图像边缘检测效果良好,较好地抑制了脉冲噪声的影响,而且提取的图像边缘较细,轮廓清晰。和传统的边缘检测算法及基于小波模变换的边缘检测算法相比,算法在抑噪能力上和边缘提取效果上均比较优秀。     

基于不确定性信息融合的高密度椒盐噪声降噪方法

为解决高密度椒盐噪声滤除与细节保护之间的矛盾,提出一种基于不确定性信息融合的中智灰滤波算法.该算法包括两个阶段:噪声检测和噪声恢复.在检测阶段,为提高噪声检测准确率,首先利用Max-Min算法进行初测,然后利用极值压缩灰色关联度与顺序不确定性的融合信息进行二次判断.在噪声恢复阶段,为充分利用像素本身的不确定性及邻域像素的灰色关联性,将中智不确定性和极值压缩灰色关联度的乘积作为相似性度量特征,设计了中智灰自适应权重函数.实验表明,针对不同图像,二次噪声检测方案的噪声剔除率可达0.1%~8.8%;该中智灰滤波算法在抑制椒盐噪声的同时能较好地保护图像边缘信息,特别是在高噪声(70%~90%)情况下,算法的综合性能优于现有相关算法.     

基于清晰图像先验知识的盲复原算法

图像采集系统在获取图像时,受到各种干扰,使图像变模糊并含有噪声。为此,提出了一种基于清晰图像先验知识的图像盲复原算法。首先通过统计分析大量的清晰图像梯度域的概率分布特性,将图像划分为具有较多复杂纹理的区域和平坦区域,拟合概率分布函数,得到清晰图像的先验知识,并加入图像局部约束条件,即复原图像平坦区域与退化图像的平坦区域的概率分布变化较小,避免产生振铃现象。然后,建立图像噪声模型,将图像噪声划分为高斯噪声和均匀分布噪声,防止退化图像中的灰度过饱和像素点在复原过程中产生异常值。最后,利用最大后验概率模型,构造代价函数,将图像盲复原问题转变为求代价函数最小化问题,并用最大期望算法和快速迭代收缩算法求解代价函数,恢复出清晰图像。实验结果表明,该算法能有效恢复图像细节,锐化图像边缘,抑制噪声,避免产生振铃效应。     

基于开关二级检测的图像椒盐噪声滤波算法

鉴于开关中值滤波在椒盐噪声检测和去除方面的应用合理性,本文分别设计实现了基于信号局部差异性和基于信号方向差异性的椒盐噪声检测算法。这两种算法均属于二级噪声检测方法,且第一级检测手段都是基于灰度范围准则。两种算法的不同点主要体现在第二级检测算法上,前者基于局部差别准则,后者基于方向差别准则。在方法评价部分,首先通过分析和实验确定两种算法的最优参数设置;然后通过对不同噪声密度的测试图像去噪来评价两种算法的去噪效果。结果表明:基于方向差异性的算法比基于局部差异性的算法具有更好的性能,且两种算法的去噪效果都与噪声密度成反比。需要注意的是,这两种算法都容易将图像中的细微边缘或细节像素误判为噪声点,即在噪声的检测过程中,只能避免对图像中主要边缘和轮廓像素的误判,还无法对图像中的细微边缘和细节进行精确判定,这也是开关二级噪声滤波算法今后的主要改进方向。另外,算法效率测试结果表明两种算法具有相似的计算时间,从而验证了两者之间的算法结构相似性。     

去除图像椒盐噪声的双向预测算法及其改进

在去除图像噪声的同时,如何避免图像细节信息的损失和边缘的模糊,是图像处理技术中的一个难点.针对灰度图像中存在的椒盐噪声问题,提出了基于双向预测算法的去噪方法.首先根据椒盐噪声的特点,判断图像像素是信号像素还是噪声像素.对于信号像素,保持灰度值不变;对于噪声像素,利用双向预测的方法来确定处理后该像素点的灰度值.针对上述方法中存在的不足之处,又提出了一种改进方案.改进方案在对噪声像素处理时,根据像素之间的相关性和像素本身的性质自适应地确定预测器的预测系数,提高了预测算法的去噪性能.实验结果表明,本文算法具有良好的去噪特性及细节保持特性.     

一种基于灰色关联的去椒盐噪声滤波算法

利用灰色关联理论结合开关滤波策略的思想,提出了一种基于灰色关联的去椒盐噪声算法。算法采用开关策略,对于噪声点,选取3×3滤波窗口内的非噪声像素,利用灰色关联度计算各像素的加权值,将各非噪声像素加权后替换噪声点像素值,得到滤波图像。仿真实验证实,该算法不仅有效抑制了图像中的椒盐噪声,而且较好地保持了图像的边缘细节,滤波效果明显优于传统的滤波算法。     

基于双稳态系统二值图像质量改善算法

针对二值图像处理,为抑制噪声改善图像质量,论文提出一种利用双稳态随机共振系统实现含噪二值图像恢复方法。论文首先对图像分别按行和列重采样为一维信号,并将该一维信号输入双稳态系统,通过欧拉法或龙格-库塔法迭代求解双稳态方程的输出序列,得到恢复图像对行和列两个方向的偏导数,再结合该偏导数根据截断的二维泰勒公式推导出邻近像素点的值,然后对每个像素计算获得的多个值加权平均得到恢复的灰度图像,对灰度图像二值分割即得到最终的复原二值图像。实验结果表明,论文算法能有效从高强度噪声中恢复原二值图像,且相对于传统维纳滤波算法峰值信噪比提高了22.36%,相对于对比算法,峰值信噪比平均提高了10.8%。      

噪声密度不敏感的随机采样椒盐噪声滤波算法

中值滤波系列算法在处理被不同密度椒盐噪声污染的细节图像和平坦图像时,降噪性能不一致。本文借鉴开关中值滤波和压缩感知的思想,提出了随机采样滤波算法去除椒盐噪声。算法以噪声检测为基础,将被椒盐噪声污染的图像分为疑似噪声像素和信号像素,随机采样仅对信号像素采样。然后,利用正交匹配追踪算法重构出被污染前的图像,替代了中值滤波对噪声像素的估计。由于随机采样滤波基于压缩感知理论,对稀疏信号的重构具有最少测量次数的条件,因此随机采样点的数量具有一定的浮动空间,表现为对噪声密度不敏感。以被不同噪声密度污染图像的纹理、平坦局部区域进行验证,实验表明,当噪声密度在一定范围内变化时,算法可以实现对噪声密度不敏感。在高密度噪声污染的情况下,相较于中值滤波系列算法,随机采样滤波算法具有更好的细节保留能力和滤波能力。对标准测试图像进行了全局滤波,不同噪声密度具有一致的滤波效果,与自适应滤波算法相比,随机采样滤波算法在处理包含密集边缘特征的区域时更具备优势。      

基于先验知识的椒盐噪声动态去噪算法

椒盐噪声产生于图像的传输过程,对后续图像处理有较大的干扰。虽然中值滤波类的方法被证明对椒盐噪声有不错的处理效果,但图像中边缘信息模糊严重。为此,提出了一种基于局部像素点的值关系的椒盐噪声去噪算法,该算法先用椒盐噪声的特点对噪声点定位,然后用局部像素值之间的线性关系对图像窗口滤波。用峰值信噪比与基于开关的自适应中值滤波的对比实验结果证明,使用本文的方法不但信噪比优于对比算法,而且更好地保护了图像的边缘信息。     

基于噪声点检测的中值滤波方法

提出了一种基于DS证据理论的滤波方法,用于去除两种类型的脉冲噪声,这种新的滤波方法由检测和滤波两部分组成.首先获得证据,并用窗中的信息定义集合函数;然后用决定规则来判定噪声是否存在.最后在滤波过程中,对检测到的噪声点用本文中的滤波方法进行处理,而好的象素点保持不变,这就避免了对非噪声象素点的破坏.从实验结果中可以看到,本文的方法对固定值和随机值的脉冲噪声都能有效抑制,并且可以保留图像细节.     

An effective 2-stage method for removing impulse noise in images

In this paper, a robust 2-stage impulse noise removal system is proposed to remove impulse noise from extremely corrupted images. The contributions are in two-fold. First, a neuro-fuzzy based impulse noise detector (NFIDET) is introduced to identify the noisy pixels. NFIDET is a powerful noise detector that can handle image corruption even up to 90% with zero miss and false detection rate with a simple neuro-fuzzy structure. This is the best result among the other impulse noise detectors in the literature. Second, this paper presents a new approach for weight calculation of adaptive weighted mean filter by using robust statistical model. An adaptive robust weighted mean (ARWM) filter removes a detected noisy pixel by adaptively determining filtering window size and replacing a noisy pixel with the weighted mean of the noise-free pixels in its window. A Geman–McClure robust estimation function is used to estimate the weights of the pixels. Simulation results also show that the proposed robust filter substantially outperforms many other existing algorithms in terms of image restoration.     

一种高效快速的高密度椒盐噪声消除算法

本文提出了一个简单高效的消除高密度椒盐噪声的算法,在该算法中,对于图像中的每一个椒盐像素,计算以该像素为中心的窗口内非椒盐像素的平均值,并且在不同的阶段对其更新,实验结果表明,对于污染度为10％到90％的图像,本文的算法都有良好的噪声消除能力,所得到的恢复图像能够较好地保持原始图像的细节.另外,本文的算法计算时间较少,...     

基于细节保留的椒盐噪声自适应滤波算法

针对灰度图像中椒盐噪声的特点,提出了一种更加精确的噪声检测方法:该方法利用滤波窗口内像素点灰度值的不同,将受椒盐噪声污染的图像中像素点划分为噪声点,疑似噪声点和信号点.通过设定阈值,并参考相邻像素点的相关性来进一步区分疑似噪声点,最终建立噪声标记矩阵.对于被标记的噪声点,采用自适应滤波算法,保留更多的图像细节.仿真结果表明,该算法在除去噪声点的同时,对于边缘细节也有非常好的保护作用.     

基于极值检测的图像滤波算法

针对极值中值滤波法在去除椒盐噪声时存在的不足,提出了一种改进的图像滤波算法.首先使用极值法检测图像中的噪声点,然后采用窗口由小到大变化的自适应算法得到噪声像素的滤波值,最后通过计算噪声像素滤波前后灰度值的差值来修正被误判像素的灰度值.对不同类型、受不同强度噪声污染图像的去噪实验表明,该方法在不同噪声率下均优于传统的中值滤波法及其一些改进算法,当噪声率较大时其去噪和保边性能得到了显著提高.     

Color impulsive noise removal based on quaternion representation and directional vector order-statistics

A new method for detecting and suppressing impulsive noise in color images is presented in this paper. The proposed method is a type of switching vector filters, where the impulse detection is based on the order-statistic information about the color samples in the horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions. The new solution first uses quaternion-based representation of color differences and median deviation-based techniques to search for the edge direction with the maximum number of similar pixels, and then utilizes the samples aligning with this edge direction to judge whether the current pixel is noisy or not and control the switching between identity (no filtering) and vector median filtering actions. Extensive experimental comparisons exhibit the validity of the proposed approach by showing significant performance improvements over other well-known color image filtering techniques.     

双迭代等距均值滤波的医学图像恢复北大核心CSCD

医学图像中往往有很多与脉冲噪声灰度相同的像素,因此含脉冲噪声的医学图像的恢复非常困难。为了获得比现有的脉冲噪声滤波器更好的噪声抑制和纹理结构保持效果,提出了一种双迭代等距均值滤波(dual iterative equidistant mean filter,DIEMF)的医学图像恢复方法。该方法采用等距离邻域进行噪声检测和去除;噪声检测器循环地利用邻域的非最值像素与中心像素之间的平均绝对差,以及利用多数原则,将噪声像素与无噪像素区分开来;噪声去除采用自适应和双迭代的方法,以等距邻域中无噪像素和先前恢复像素的平均值作为中心噪声像素的灰度估计值,充分利用最近的先前恢复的像素。实验结果表明,该方法在噪声抑制和纹理结构保持方面优于现有的方法,特别是对于低密度噪声,它比现有的滤波器具有显著的优越性。     

An improved recursive and adaptive median filter for high density impulse noise

An improved recursive and adaptive median filter (RAMF) for the restoration of images corrupted with high density impulse noise is proposed in the present paper. Adaptive operation of the filter is justified with the variation in size of working window which is centered at noisy pixels. Based on the presence of noise-free pixel(s), the size of working window changes. The noisy pixels are filtered through the replacement of their values using both noise-free pixels of the current working window and previously processed noisy pixels of that window. These processed noisy pixels are obtained recursively. The combined effort thus provides an improved platform for filtering high density impulse noise of images. Experimental results with several real-time noisy images show that the proposed RAMF outperforms other state-of-the-art filters quantitatively in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and image enhancement factor (IEF). The superiority of the filter is also justified qualitatively through visual interpretation.     

Monochromatic-Based Method for Impulse Noise Detection and Suppression in Color Images

A new method to detect and reduce the impulse noise in color images is presented in this paper. The method consists of two stages: detection and filtering. Since each of the individual channels (components) of the color image can be considered as a monochrome image, both stages are applied to each channel separately, and then the individual results are combined into one output image. The corrupted pixels are detected in the first stage based on a proposed innovative switching technique. The noise-free pixels are copied to their corresponding locations in the output image. In the second stage, average filtering is applied only to those pixels which are determined to be noisy in the first stage, and only noise-free pixel values are involved in calculating this average. The size of the sliding window depends on the estimated noise density and is very small even for high noise densities. The proposed method is effective in noise reduction while preserving edge details and color chromaticity. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms all the tested existing state-of-the-art methods used in digital color image restoration in both standard objective measurements and perceived image quality.     

A switching median filter with boundary discriminative noise detection for extremely corrupted images.

A novel switching median filter incorporating with a powerful impulse noise detection method, called the boundary discriminative noise detection (BDND), is proposed in this paper for effectively denoising extremely corrupted images. To determine whether the current pixel is corrupted, the proposed BDND algorithm first classifies the pixels of a localized window, centering on the current pixel, into three groups--lower intensity impulse noise, uncorrupted pixels, and higher intensity impulse noise. The center pixel will then be considered as "uncorrupted," provided that it belongs to the "uncorrupted" pixel group, or "corrupted." For that, two boundaries that discriminate these three groups require to be accurately determined for yielding a very high noise detection accuracy--in our case, achieving zero miss-detection rate while maintaining a fairly low false-alarm rate, even up to 70% noise corruption. Four noise models are considered for performance evaluation. Extensive simulation results conducted on both monochrome and color images under a wide range (from 10% to 90%) of noise corruption clearly show that our proposed switching median filter substantially outperforms all existing median-based filters, in terms of suppressing impulse noise while preserving image details, and yet, the proposed BDND is algorithmically simple, suitable for real-time implementation and application.